cpu/x86/smm: Add support for long mode

Enable long mode in SMM handler.
x86_32 isn't affected by this change.

As the rsm instruction used to leave SMM doesn't restore MSR registers,
drop back to protected mode after running the smi_handler and restore
IA32_EFER MSR (which enables long mode support) to previous value.

NOTE: This commit does NOT introduce a new security model. It uses the
      same page tables as the remaining firmware does.
      This can be a security risk if someone is able to manipulate the
      page tables stored in ROM at runtime. USE FOR TESTING ONLY!

Tested on Qemu Q35.

Change-Id: I8bba4af4688c723fc079ae905dac95f57ea956f8
Signed-off-by: Patrick Rudolph <siro@das-labor.org>
Reviewed-on: https://review.coreboot.org/c/coreboot/+/35681
Reviewed-by: Raul Rangel <rrangel@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Angel Pons <th3fanbus@gmail.com>
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins) <no-reply@coreboot.org>

Documentation/arch/x86/index.md

@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ At the moment *$n* is 4, which results in identity mapping the lower 4 GiB.
 * Add x86_64 exception handlers - *DONE*
 * Setup page tables for long mode - *DONE*
 * Add assembly code for long mode - *DONE*
+* Add assembly code for SMM - *DONE*
 * Add assembly code for postcar stage - *TODO*
 * Add assembly code to return to protected mode - *TODO*
 * Implement reference code for mainboard `emulation/qemu-q35` - *TODO*

src/cpu/x86/64bit/exit32.inc

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
+
+/*
+ * For droping from long mode to protected mode.
+ *
+ * For reference see "AMD64 ArchitectureProgrammer's Manual Volume 2",
+ * Document 24593-Rev. 3.31-July 2019 Chapter 5.3
+ *
+ * Clobbers: rax, rbx, rcx, rdx
+ */
+.code64
+
+#include <cpu/x86/msr.h>
+#include <cpu/x86/cr.h>
+#include <arch/rom_segs.h>
+
+drop_longmode:
+	/* Ensure cache is clean. */
+	wbinvd
+
+	/* Set  32-bit code segment and ss */
+	mov	$ROM_CODE_SEG, %rcx
+	/* SetCodeSelector32 will drop us to protected mode on return */
+	call	SetCodeSelector32
+
+	/* Skip SetCodeSelector32 */
+.code32
+	jmp	__longmode_compatibility
+
+.align 8
+.code64
+SetCodeSelector32:
+	# pop the return address from stack
+	pop	%rbx
+
+	# save rsp because we need to push it after ss
+	mov	%rsp, %rdx
+
+	# use iret to jump to a 32-bit offset in a new code segment
+	# iret will pop cs:rip, flags, then ss:rsp
+	mov	%ss, %ax	# need to push ss, but push ss instuction
+	push	%rax		# not valid in x64 mode, so use ax
+	push	%rdx		# the rsp to load
+	pushfq			# push rflags
+	push	%rcx		# cx is code segment selector from caller
+	push	%rbx		# push the IP for the next instruction
+
+	# the iretq will behave like ret, with the new cs/ss value loaded
+	iretq
+
+.align 4
+.code32
+__longmode_compatibility:
+	/* Running in 32-bit compatibility mode */
+
+	/* Use flat data segment */
+	movl	$ROM_DATA_SEG, %eax
+	movl	%eax, %ds
+	movl	%eax, %es
+	movl	%eax, %ss
+	movl	%eax, %fs
+	movl	%eax, %gs
+
+	/* Disable paging. */
+	movl	%cr0, %eax
+	andl	$(~CR0_PG), %eax
+	movl	%eax, %cr0
+
+	/* Disable long mode. */
+	movl	$(IA32_EFER), %ecx
+	rdmsr
+	andl	$(~EFER_LME), %eax
+	wrmsr
+
+	/* Disable PAE. */
+	movl	%cr4, %eax
+	andl	$(~CR4_PAE), %eax
+	movl	%eax, %cr4
+
+	/* Clear page table register */
+	xor	%eax, %eax
+	movl	%eax, %cr3
+
+__longmode_exit:

src/cpu/x86/smm/smmhandler.S

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
  */
 
 #include <cpu/x86/lapic_def.h>
+#include <cpu/x86/msr.h>
 
 /*
  * +--------------------------------+ 0xaffff
@@ -42,6 +43,14 @@
 
 #define SMM_HANDLER_OFFSET 0x0000
 
+#if defined(__x86_64__)
+.bss
+ia32efer_backup_eax:
+.long
+ia32efer_backup_edx:
+.long
+#endif
+
 /* initially SMM is some sort of real mode. Let gcc know
  * how to treat the SMM handler stub
  */
@@ -159,12 +168,44 @@ untampered_lapic:
 	/* Get SMM revision */
 	movl	$0xa8000 + 0x7efc, %ebx	/* core 0 address */
 	subl	%ebp, %ebx		/* subtract core X offset */
+
+#if defined(__x86_64__)
+	/* Backup IA32_EFER. Preserves ebx. */
+	movl	$(IA32_EFER), %ecx
+	rdmsr
+	movl	%eax, ia32efer_backup_eax
+	movl	%edx, ia32efer_backup_edx
+
+	/* Enable long mode. Preserves ebx. */
+#include <cpu/x86/64bit/entry64.inc>
+
+	mov	(%ebx), %rdi
+
+#else
 	movl	(%ebx), %eax
 	pushl	%eax
+#endif
 
-	/* Call 32bit C handler */
+	/* Call C handler */
 	call	smi_handler
 
+#if defined(__x86_64__)
+	/*
+	 * The only reason to go back to protected mode is that RSM doesn't restore
+	 * MSR registers and MSR IA32_EFER was modified by entering long mode.
+	 * Drop to protected mode to safely operate on the IA32_EFER MSR.
+	 */
+
+	/* Disable long mode. */
+	#include <cpu/x86/64bit/exit32.inc>
+
+	/* Restore IA32_EFER as RSM doesn't restore MSRs. */
+	movl	$(IA32_EFER), %ecx
+	movl	ia32efer_backup_eax, %eax
+	movl	ia32efer_backup_edx, %edx
+	wrmsr
+#endif
+
 	/* To return, just do rsm. It will "clean up" protected mode */
 	rsm
 
@@ -190,6 +231,9 @@ smm_gdt:
 	.word	0xffff, 0x0000
 	.byte	0x00, 0x93, 0xcf, 0x00
 
+	/* gdt selector 0x18, flat code segment (64-bit) */
+	.word   0xffff, 0x0000
+	.byte   0x00, 0x9b, 0xaf, 0x00
 smm_gdt_end: