From 339269d587c22ae215a4fac3a4dd5ce6b175ce77 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Furquan Shaikh Date: Tue, 8 Dec 2020 10:56:06 -0800 Subject: [PATCH] Docs/cbfstool: Add details about memory mapped window handling This change adds details memory mapped window handling in cbfstool required for x86 platforms. It also captures the details about the newly added support for multiple decode windows. BUG=b:171534504 Change-Id: Icf970f951e56d717e6a4f8845fc73f10d5a21dd0 Signed-off-by: Furquan Shaikh Reviewed-on: https://review.coreboot.org/c/coreboot/+/48477 Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins) Reviewed-by: Tim Wawrzynczak Reviewed-by: Duncan Laurie --- Documentation/cbfstool/index.md | 5 ++ Documentation/cbfstool/mmap_windows.md | 77 +++++++++++++++++++++++++ Documentation/cbfstool/mmap_windows.svg | 1 + Documentation/util.md | 2 +- 4 files changed, 84 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) create mode 100644 Documentation/cbfstool/index.md create mode 100644 Documentation/cbfstool/mmap_windows.md create mode 100644 Documentation/cbfstool/mmap_windows.svg diff --git a/Documentation/cbfstool/index.md b/Documentation/cbfstool/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..f99b612855 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/cbfstool/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +# cbfstool + +Contents: + +* [Handling memory mapped boot media](mmap_windows.md) diff --git a/Documentation/cbfstool/mmap_windows.md b/Documentation/cbfstool/mmap_windows.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..66685f30e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/cbfstool/mmap_windows.md @@ -0,0 +1,77 @@ +# cbfstool: Handling memory mapped boot media + +`cbfstool` is a utility used for managing coreboot file system (CBFS) +components in a ROM image. x86 platforms are special since they have +the SPI flash boot media memory mapped into host address space at +runtime. This requires `cbfstool` to deal with two separate address +spaces for any CBFS components that are eXecute-In-Place (XIP) - one +is the SPI flash address space and other is the host address space +where the SPI flash gets mapped. + +By default, all x86 platforms map a maximum of 16MiB of SPI flash at +the top of 4G in host address space. If the flash is greater than +16MiB, then only the top 16MiB of the flash is mapped in the host +address space. If the flash is smaller than 16MiB, then the entire SPI +flash is mapped at the top of 4G and the rest of the space remains +unused. + +In more recent platforms like Tiger Lake (TGL), it is possible to map +more than 16MiB of SPI flash. Since the host address space has legacy +fixed device addresses mapped below `4G - 16M`, the SPI flash is split +into separate windows when being mapped to the host address space. +Default decode window of maximum 16MiB size still lives just below the +4G boundary. The additional decode window is free to live in any +available MMIO space that the SoC chooses. + +Following diagram shows different combinations of SPI flash being +mapped into host address space when using multiple windows: + +![MMAP window combinations with different flash sizes][mmap_windows] + +*(a) SPI flash of size 16MiB (b) SPI flash smaller than 16MiB (c) SPI flash +of size (16MiB+ext window size) (d) SPI flash smaller than (16MiB+ext +window size)* + +The location of standard decode window is fixed in host address space +`(4G - 16M) to 4G`. However, the platform is free to choose where the +extended window lives in the host address space. Since `cbfstool` +needs to know the exact location of the extended window, it allows the +platform to pass in two parameters `ext-win-base` and `ext-win-size` +that provide the base and the size of the extended window in host +address space. + +`cbfstool` creates two memory map windows using the knowledge about the +standard decode window and the information passed in by the platform +about the extended decode window. These windows are useful in +converting addresses from one space to another (flash space and host +space) when dealing with XIP components. + +## Assumptions + +1. Top 16MiB is still decoded in the fixed decode window just below 4G + boundary. +1. Rest of the SPI flash below the top 16MiB is mapped at the top of + the extended window. Even though the platform might support a + larger extended window, the SPI flash part used by the mainboard + might not be large enough to be mapped in the entire window. In + such cases, the mapping is assumed to be in the top part of the + extended window with the bottom part remaining unused. + +## Example + +If the platform supports extended window and the SPI flash size is +greater, then `cbfstool` creates a mapping for the extended window as +well. + +``` +ext_win_base = 0xF8000000 +ext_win_size = 32 * MiB +ext_win_limit = ext_win_base + ext_win_size - 1 = 0xF9FFFFFF +``` + +If SPI flash is 32MiB, then top 16MiB is mapped from `0xFF000000 - +0xFFFFFFFF` whereas the bottom 16MiB is mapped from `0xF9000000 - +0xF9FFFFFF`. The extended window `0xF8000000 - 0xF8FFFFFF` remains +unused. + +[mmap_windows]: mmap_windows.svg diff --git a/Documentation/cbfstool/mmap_windows.svg b/Documentation/cbfstool/mmap_windows.svg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..617c60e743 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/cbfstool/mmap_windows.svg @@ -0,0 +1 @@ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Documentation/util.md b/Documentation/util.md index 27a7c9cab9..8e03333194 100644 --- a/Documentation/util.md +++ b/Documentation/util.md @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ status repository `Bash` `Go` * __cavium__ - Devicetree_convert Tool to convert a DTB to a static C file `Python` * __cbfstool__ - * _cbfstool_ - For manipulating CBFS file `C` + * [_cbfstool_](cbfstool/index.md) - For manipulating CBFS file `C` * _fmaptool_ - Converts plaintext fmd files into fmap blobs `C` * _rmodtool_ - Creates rmodules `C` * _ifwitool_ - For manipulating IFWI `C`