cbfstool.c uses lots of global variables for command line options and all named
as "rom*". This may be confusing when other global variables also start with
rom, ex: int size = rom_size + romsize;
(rom_size is from command line and romsize is the size of last loaded ROM image).
If we pack all rom_* into a struct it may be more clear, ex:
do_something(param.cbfs_name, param.size, &romsize);
Change-Id: I5a298f4d67e712f90e998bcb70f2a68b8c0db6ac
Signed-off-by: Hung-Te Lin <hungte@chromium.org>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2195
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Reinauer <stefan.reinauer@coreboot.org>
Added bits/bitfields descriptions and decoding values
into intel_core2_later.c file, which describe
MSRs for Intel processors, based on later Core 2
architecture.
Change-Id: If577c8ed944afe34f86944cc03a780fba6b3dbba
Signed-off-by: Anton Kochkov <anton.kochkov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/1171
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Stefan Reinauer <stefan.reinauer@coreboot.org>
reference for Atom MSRs are from
Intel 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer's Manual
Volume 3C: System Programming Guide, Part 3
Order Number 326019, January 2013, Table 35-4, 35-5
Has been successfully tested on the targeted cpu.
Change-Id: If94279caeab27121c63ec43c258dc962c167ad51
Signed-off-by: Olivier Langlois <olivier@olivierlanglois.net>
Signed-off-by: Paul Menzel <paulepanter@users.sourceforge.net>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2192
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Stefan Reinauer <stefan.reinauer@coreboot.org>
$ git stripspace < util/runfw/googlesnow.c > /tmp/bla
$ mv /tmp/bla util/runfw/googlesnow.c
Introduced with original commit.
commit b867281a07
Author: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
Date: Wed Jan 16 11:59:34 2013 -0600
Utility to run the snow bios in user mode
Change-Id: I146c07a918ef99e8ae3c0dd72cf28fae22312e43
Signed-off-by: Paul Menzel <paulepanter@users.sourceforge.net>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2183
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
This program lets you test run a snow coreboot image in user mode
on a properly equipped arm system (usually an ARM chromebook).
This is a real time saver as you don't have to flash each time.
We've found and fixed some nasty bugs with this one.
Anyway, the instructions on how to use this are in the binary.
Change-Id: Ib555ef51fd7e930905a2ee5cbfda1cc6f068278e
Signed-off-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2159
Reviewed-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Paul Menzel <paulepanter@users.sourceforge.net>
Show what's in a stage or payload. This will let people better understand
what's in a stage or payload.
Change-Id: If6d9a877b4aedd5cece76774e41f0daadb20c008
Signed-off-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2176
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
The ARMv7 toolchain is now also needed for abuild (at least
if you want to be able to compile ARM images)
Change-Id: If1253203a2198f7dea632ba45540222ba3361932
Signed-off-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2147
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Marc Jones <marcj303@gmail.com>
This replaces hard-coded bootblock offsets using the new scheme.
The assembler will place the initial branch instruction after BL1,
skip 2 aligned chunks, and place the remaining bootblock code after.
It will also leave an anchor string, currently 0xdeadbeef which
cbfstool will find. Once found, cbfstool will place the master CBFS
header at the next aligned offset.
Here is how it looks:
0x0000 |--------------|
| BL1 |
0x2000 |--------------|
| branch |
0x2000 + align |--------------|
| CBFS header |
0x2000 + align * 2 |--------------|
| bootblock |
|--------------|
TODO: The option for alignment passed into cbfstool has always been
64. Can we set it to 16 instead?
Change-Id: Icbe817cbd8a37f11990aaf060aab77d2dc113cb1
Signed-off-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2148
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
The current path doesn't make much sense (unless you're Sven)
and may also incur a very long access penalty if /home happens
to be on a network mounted filesystem.
Change-Id: I8cfceb3cf237757ce9ea8f1953bce5a72691838a
Signed-off-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2153
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Patrick Georgi <patrick@georgi-clan.de>
In order to provide some insight on what code is executed during
coreboot's run time and how well our test scenarios work, this
adds code coverage support to coreboot's ram stage. This should
be easily adaptable for payloads, and maybe even romstage.
See http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Gcov.html for
more information.
To instrument coreboot, select CONFIG_COVERAGE ("Code coverage
support") in Kconfig, and recompile coreboot. coreboot will then
store its code coverage information into CBMEM, if possible.
Then, run "cbmem -CV" as root on the target system running the
instrumented coreboot binary. This will create a whole bunch of
.gcda files that contain coverage information. Tar them up, copy
them to your build system machine, and untar them. Then you can
use your favorite coverage utility (gcov, lcov, ...) to visualize
code coverage.
For a sneak peak of what will expect you, please take a look
at http://www.coreboot.org/~stepan/coreboot-coverage/
Change-Id: Ib287d8309878a1f5c4be770c38b1bc0bb3aa6ec7
Signed-off-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2052
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Martin Roth <martin@se-eng.com>
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
This tidies up the ARMV7 case when creating cbfs:
- Calculate the offset using the size of the master header and offsets
rather than using a magic constant.
- Re-order some assignments so things happen in a logical order.
Change-Id: Id9cdbc3389c8bb504fa99436c9771936cc4c1c23
Signed-off-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2125
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
... without the need for a coreboot table entry for each of them.
Change-Id: I2917710fb9d00c4533d81331a362bf0c40a30353
Signed-off-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2117
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
... and indent it to make output more comprehensible.
Change-Id: If321f3233b31be14b2723175b781e5dd60dd72b6
Signed-off-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2116
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
From index(3):
CONFORMING TO 4.3BSD; marked as LEGACY in POSIX.1-2001. POSIX.1-2008
removes the specifications of index() and rindex(), recommending
strchr(3) and strrchr(3) instead.
Change-Id: I3899b9ca9196dbbf2d147a38dacd7e742a3873fe
Signed-off-by: Zheng Bao <zheng.bao@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: zbao <fishbaozi@gmail.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2112
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Stefan Reinauer <stefan.reinauer@coreboot.org>
This adds an option to the cbmem utility to dump the cbmem console.
To keep the utility backwards compatible, specifying -c disables
printing of time stamps. To print both console and time stamps, run
the utility with -ct
Change-Id: Idd2dbf32c3c44f857c2f41e6c817c5ab13155d6f
Signed-off-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2114
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Vadim Bendebury <vbendeb@chromium.org>
The first version of the cbmem utility was written in python,
but it had issues with 64bit systems and other little hick ups.
Since the C version has much fewer dependencies (no python needed
on target system), and it works in all corner cases, drop the
python version.
Change-Id: Ida3d6c9bb46f6d826f45538e4ceaa4fc1e771ff5
Signed-off-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2115
Reviewed-by: Vadim Bendebury <vbendeb@chromium.org>
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Most hton and noth functions are already available
through the system headers we include on OS X, causing
the compiler to warn about duplicate definitions.
Change-Id: Id81852dfc028cf0c48155048c54d431436889c0e
Signed-off-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2106
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
The kernel on Ubuntu 12.04LTS does not allow to use
fseek/fread to read the coreboot table at the end of
memory but will instead abort cbmem with a "Bad Address"
error.
Whether that is a security feature (some variation of
CONFIG_STRICT_DEVMEM) or a kernel bug is not yet clear,
however using mmap works nicely.
Change-Id: I796b4cd2096fcdcc65c1361ba990cd467f13877e
Signed-off-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2097
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
The 'VERSION' in CBFS header file is confusing and may conflict when being used
in libpayload.
Change-Id: I24cce0cd73540e38d96f222df0a65414b16f6260
Signed-off-by: Hung-Te Lin <hungte@chromium.org>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2098
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
This updates $CFLAGS used for armv7. Most of them were just added
to be consistent with what u-boot does. The important ones here
are -march=armv7-a and -mthumb (to allow 16-bit Thumb instructions).
I removed the hard float support because it got errors and
coreboot should never use floats anyway. We're still having trouble
with enums but I want to see how far it gets with this patch.
Also, put the flags in a form that makes diffs easier to read. It's
almost impossible otherwise.
Finally, move some flags to the architecture Makefile, and
rely on the fact that some are set for all architectures.
Depends-On: I6f730d017391f9ec4401cdfd34931c869df10a9e
Change-Id: Ia8a1ae22959933e06f7b996d1832cea40819f1ff
Signed-off-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2075
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Stefan Reinauer <stefan.reinauer@coreboot.org>
The "offs" provided on the command-line was not taken into account
when creating an image for armv7...
Change-Id: I1781bd636f60c00581f3bd1d54506f0f50bb8ad0
Signed-off-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2092
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
The tool could print much more useful information than
just time stamps, for example the cbmem console on systems
that don't have a kernel patched to support /sys/firmware/log.
Hence, add command line option parsing to make adding such
features easier in the future.
Change-Id: Ib2b2584970f8a4e4187da803fcc5a95469f23a6a
Signed-off-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2091
Reviewed-by: Vadim Bendebury <vbendeb@chromium.org>
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
This fixes a minor bug that could cause testcc to fail unexpectedly.
Change-Id: Ib75d343104b6937682c05acf5232596aac83f105
Signed-off-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2068
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Otherwise cbfstool will segfault if you try to add an x86
payload to an ARM image.
Change-Id: Ie468005ce9325a4f17c4f206c59f48e39d9338df
Signed-off-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2028
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
Various of the build scripts used upstream can't cope with
multilib library paths (eg. lib64), so move things to a place
where they can find them, if such paths are used.
Change-Id: I0dd9bba9a9eadd92d8704157e868fb37c715ee91
Signed-off-by: Patrick Georgi <patrick@georgi-clan.de>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2013
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
This puts our installed binaries first in the search path, which is what we
really want.
... and remove some dead code
Signed-off-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Change-Id: I91725af6b0fc486bd943d8e25cdce8d3e2503b3c
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/1998
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
The focus of the script is to create a supported cross toolchain,
and with GOLD and LTO being released features, we don't need this
anymore.
Change-Id: Ieb7752ce6e143d93414aba5887190f853cbd5a4b
Signed-off-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/1997
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
After patching them to be more flexible, an even better approach was found:
With this change libgcc isn't built at all on mingw32 platforms, so the
system headers aren't necessary anymore.
Now x86_64-pc-mingw32 builds, too.
Change-Id: Ic1406588669d87aee1bcf40ff67af77f2a6ac283
Signed-off-by: Patrick Georgi <patrick.georgi@secunet.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/1985
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Stefan Reinauer <stefan.reinauer@coreboot.org>
Reviewed-by: Raymond Danks <ray.danks@se-eng.com>
If no valid cross compiler is found, the junit file produced
by abuild is invalid, missing the closing </testcase> tag.
This breaks proper reporting in Jenkins of our ARM board at
this moment.
Change-Id: I94bfc7f334d33ceeb53451a7c5125058c1f33bd4
Signed-off-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/1992
Reviewed-by: Patrick Georgi <patrick@georgi-clan.de>
Reviewed-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
With this change, i686-pc-mingw32 is acceptable, too.
Change-Id: I924f7ece84e77dc751e5e0318bac1ebc72d39d21
Signed-off-by: Patrick Georgi <patrick.georgi@secunet.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/1972
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Stefan Reinauer <stefan.reinauer@coreboot.org>
After cherry-picking change 1679 it became apparent that there was a small
typo in my last xcompile change. With this patch applied, I can now compile
the first few files in the tree before GCC dies with
In file included from src/arch/armv7/lib/romstage_console.c:23:0:
src/include/uart.h:31:6: error: redundant redeclaration of 'uart_init' [-Werror=redundant-decls]
Now for some fun...
Change-Id: Idbb07f609e4a240238964cc16714639f5ef09914
Signed-off-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/1970
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
The naming of architectures is highly inconsistent between
the different components of the toolchain. In binutils, the
file architecture is elf32-littlearch. In GCC it's armv7a-eabi.
This patch adds support for different BFD / GCC names
Change-Id: Ib644f71e8d8b4964adec73eed23921d3838e8aa7
Signed-off-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/1969
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Once again, the compiler we use on Mac OS X had trouble compiling GCC.
Switch to llvm-gcc because that one works with Xcode 4.5.2 and gcc 4.7.2.
Also drop the -W flags not known to Xcode from the iasl Makefile, and
drop the --remove-destination option from the copy, because that does not
exist on Darwin.
Change-Id: I9f978f65b5ae7edee2ecdcab337772e7a692bd9b
Signed-off-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/1967
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
!#%$@ autotools don't support all the platforms gcc and binutils
support. If you try to update to the latest autoconf, it will complain
that you have to use the older one. If I had a penny for every time
autotools broke portability...
Change-Id: I479b6c5f64f1def8dca889884e6a2b0e2ffc1fb8
Signed-off-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/1966
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
to match src/include/device
Change-Id: I5d0e5b4361c34881a3b81347aac48738cb5b9af0
Signed-off-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/1960
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
The output of cbfstool is a little inconsistent in some places.
This patch fixes it.
Change-Id: Ieb643cb769ebfa2a307bd286ae2c46f75ac5e1c1
Signed-off-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/1955
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
This is an initial re-factoring of CBFS code to enable multiple
architectures. To achieve a clean solution, an additional field
describing the architecture has to be added to the master header.
Hence we also increase the version number in the master header.
Change-Id: Icda681673221f8c27efbc46f16c2c5682b16a265
Signed-off-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Hung-Te Lin <hungte@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/1944
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Other acpica's modules are not needed.
Change-Id: I16846caa922aded8db7c1d9e64c007fb2772ff98
Signed-off-by: Zheng Bao <zheng.bao@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: zbao <fishbaozi@gmail.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/1935
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Stefan Reinauer <stefan.reinauer@coreboot.org>
Reviewed-by: Paul Menzel <paulepanter@users.sourceforge.net>
This provides weak empty declaration for mainboard_ops.
The struct chip_operations is not defined for __PRE_RAM__ so
the declaration is also moved upwards in the output.
Change-Id: I101f0b8b9f0a55fb51a7c6475d53cc588c84026d
Signed-off-by: Kyösti Mälkki <kyosti.malkki@gmail.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/1931
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Stefan Reinauer <stefan.reinauer@coreboot.org>
After collecting dependencies for ramstage, add an intermediate step
in which object files are linked per directory. The results are then
linked into the final binary.
This reduces the maximum command line length and might also help with
future use of LTO linking.
Also adapt the lint test for build dir handling, since printall
doesn't provide individual object files for ramstage anymore.
Change-Id: Ie40febd8c1eaf4609944eedeab46d870639e53df
Signed-off-by: Patrick Georgi <patrick@georgi-clan.de>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/1911
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Stefan Reinauer <stefan.reinauer@coreboot.org>
sconfig creates empty defaults for all chip_ops, which can be overridden
by drivers simply by providing a concrete implementation.
Change-Id: Ib37515f0b0747bdbf4da780d28690a1e719944b2
Signed-off-by: Patrick Georgi <patrick@georgi-clan.de>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/1567
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Stefan Reinauer <stefan.reinauer@coreboot.org>
That used to be the behaviour, and it's quite useful to incrementally
fix bugs across the tree.
Change-Id: I3e30cbdcf01631bc29f892054caa3babb0969beb
Signed-off-by: Patrick Georgi <patrick.georgi@secunet.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/1888
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Stefan Reinauer <stefan.reinauer@coreboot.org>
XGCCPATH is missing in new xcompile.
Change-Id: I177f54189be445404a4a61419064d3c414b8a30c
Signed-off-by: Zheng Bao <zheng.bao@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: zbao <fishbaozi@gmail.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/1921
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Patrick Georgi <patrick@georgi-clan.de>
With this change the the xcompile script now creates environment variables
for more than one architecture.
Signed-off-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Hung-Te Lin <hungte@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Reinauer <stepan@coresystems.de>
Change-Id: I349a1fd1d865ef16979f1dfd6aeca12b1ee2eed6
Signed-off-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/1915
Reviewed-by: Stefan Reinauer <stefan.reinauer@coreboot.org>
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Update acpica to release 20121114 and
update patches/ to build with this version of acpica.
Correct the creation of crossgcc-build.log
Bump CROSSGCC_VERSION.
Change-Id: I269454ebc3c78b5852e4a67e55bb5642edad191d
Signed-off-by: Idwer Vollering <vidwer@gmail.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/1861
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Patrick Georgi <patrick@georgi-clan.de>
This is no GNU tool, so testing for "GNU" in the version string
is bound to fail.
We now accept everything that returns success on "flex --version"
and then hope for the best.
I tested both cases
Change-Id: If325f613fde1648847b998b7e8e5782d0f22b484
Signed-off-by: Patrick Georgi <patrick.georgi@secunet.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/1884
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Zheng Bao <zheng.bao@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Reinauer <stefan.reinauer@coreboot.org>
Hung-Te Lin