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coreboot-kgpe-d16/util/cbfstool/cbfstool.c

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/*
* cbfstool, CLI utility for CBFS file manipulation
*
* Copyright (C) 2009 coresystems GmbH
* written by Patrick Georgi <patrick.georgi@coresystems.de>
* Copyright (C) 2012 Google, Inc.
* Copyright (C) 2016 Siemens AG
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <strings.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include "common.h"
#include "cbfs.h"
#include "cbfs_image.h"
#include "cbfs_sections.h"
#include "fit.h"
#include "partitioned_file.h"
#include <commonlib/fsp1_1.h>
#define SECTION_WITH_FIT_TABLE "BOOTBLOCK"
struct command {
const char *name;
const char *optstring;
int (*function) (void);
// Whether to populate param.image_region before invoking function
bool accesses_region;
// This set to true means two things:
// - in case of a command operating on a region, the region's contents
// will be written back to image_file at the end
// - write access to the file is required
bool modifies_region;
};
static struct param {
partitioned_file_t *image_file;
struct buffer *image_region;
const char *name;
const char *filename;
const char *fmap;
const char *region_name;
const char *source_region;
const char *bootblock;
const char *ignore_section;
uint64_t u64val;
uint32_t type;
uint32_t baseaddress;
uint32_t baseaddress_assigned;
uint32_t loadaddress;
uint32_t headeroffset;
uint32_t headeroffset_assigned;
uint32_t entrypoint;
uint32_t size;
uint32_t alignment;
uint32_t pagesize;
uint32_t cbfsoffset;
uint32_t cbfsoffset_assigned;
uint32_t arch;
bool fill_partial_upward;
bool fill_partial_downward;
bool show_immutable;
bool stage_xip;
bool autogen_attr;
bool machine_parseable;
int fit_empty_entries;
enum comp_algo compression;
enum vb2_hash_algorithm hash;
/* for linux payloads */
char *initrd;
char *cmdline;
} param = {
/* All variables not listed are initialized as zero. */
.arch = CBFS_ARCHITECTURE_UNKNOWN,
.compression = CBFS_COMPRESS_NONE,
.hash = VB2_HASH_INVALID,
.headeroffset = ~0,
.region_name = SECTION_NAME_PRIMARY_CBFS,
};
static bool region_is_flashmap(const char *region)
{
return partitioned_file_region_check_magic(param.image_file, region,
FMAP_SIGNATURE, strlen(FMAP_SIGNATURE));
}
/* @return Same as cbfs_is_valid_cbfs(), but for a named region. */
static bool region_is_modern_cbfs(const char *region)
{
return partitioned_file_region_check_magic(param.image_file, region,
CBFS_FILE_MAGIC, strlen(CBFS_FILE_MAGIC));
}
/*
* Converts between offsets from the start of the specified image region and
* "top-aligned" offsets from the top of the image region. Works in either
* direction: pass in one type of offset and receive the other type.
* N.B. A top-aligned offset is always a positive number, and should not be
* confused with a top-aliged *address*, which is its arithmetic inverse. */
static unsigned convert_to_from_top_aligned(const struct buffer *region,
unsigned offset)
{
assert(region);
/* cover the situation where a negative base address is given by the
* user. Callers of this function negate it, so it'll be a positive
* number smaller than the region.
*/
if ((offset > 0) && (offset < region->size)) {
return region->size - offset;
}
size_t image_size = partitioned_file_total_size(param.image_file);
return image_size - region->offset - offset;
}
static int do_cbfs_locate(int32_t *cbfs_addr, size_t metadata_size)
{
if (!param.filename) {
ERROR("You need to specify -f/--filename.\n");
return 1;
}
if (!param.name) {
ERROR("You need to specify -n/--name.\n");
return 1;
}
struct cbfs_image image;
if (cbfs_image_from_buffer(&image, param.image_region,
param.headeroffset))
return 1;
if (cbfs_get_entry(&image, param.name))
WARN("'%s' already in CBFS.\n", param.name);
struct buffer buffer;
if (buffer_from_file(&buffer, param.filename) != 0) {
ERROR("Cannot load %s.\n", param.filename);
return 1;
}
/* Include cbfs_file size along with space for with name. */
metadata_size += cbfs_calculate_file_header_size(param.name);
/* Adjust metadata_size if additional attributes were added */
if (param.autogen_attr) {
if (param.alignment)
metadata_size += sizeof(struct cbfs_file_attr_align);
if (param.baseaddress_assigned || param.stage_xip)
metadata_size += sizeof(struct cbfs_file_attr_position);
}
/* Take care of the hash attribute if it is used */
if (param.hash != VB2_HASH_INVALID)
metadata_size += sizeof(struct cbfs_file_attr_hash);
int32_t address = cbfs_locate_entry(&image, buffer.size, param.pagesize,
param.alignment, metadata_size);
buffer_delete(&buffer);
if (address == -1) {
ERROR("'%s' can't fit in CBFS for page-size %#x, align %#x.\n",
param.name, param.pagesize, param.alignment);
return 1;
}
*cbfs_addr = address;
return 0;
}
typedef int (*convert_buffer_t)(struct buffer *buffer, uint32_t *offset,
struct cbfs_file *header);
static int cbfs_add_integer_component(const char *name,
uint64_t u64val,
uint32_t offset,
uint32_t headeroffset) {
struct cbfs_image image;
struct cbfs_file *header = NULL;
struct buffer buffer;
int i, ret = 1;
if (!name) {
ERROR("You need to specify -n/--name.\n");
return 1;
}
if (buffer_create(&buffer, 8, name) != 0)
return 1;
for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
buffer.data[i] = (u64val >> i*8) & 0xff;
if (cbfs_image_from_buffer(&image, param.image_region, headeroffset)) {
ERROR("Selected image region is not a CBFS.\n");
goto done;
}
if (cbfs_get_entry(&image, name)) {
ERROR("'%s' already in ROM image.\n", name);
goto done;
}
if (IS_TOP_ALIGNED_ADDRESS(offset))
offset = convert_to_from_top_aligned(param.image_region,
-offset);
header = cbfs_create_file_header(CBFS_COMPONENT_RAW,
buffer.size, name);
if (cbfs_add_entry(&image, &buffer, offset, header) != 0) {
ERROR("Failed to add %llu into ROM image as '%s'.\n",
(long long unsigned)u64val, name);
goto done;
}
ret = 0;
done:
free(header);
buffer_delete(&buffer);
return ret;
}
static int cbfs_add_master_header(void)
{
const char * const name = "cbfs master header";
struct cbfs_image image;
struct cbfs_file *header = NULL;
struct buffer buffer;
int ret = 1;
size_t offset;
size_t size;
if (cbfs_image_from_buffer(&image, param.image_region,
param.headeroffset)) {
ERROR("Selected image region is not a CBFS.\n");
return 1;
}
if (cbfs_get_entry(&image, name)) {
ERROR("'%s' already in ROM image.\n", name);
return 1;
}
if (buffer_create(&buffer, sizeof(struct cbfs_header), name) != 0)
return 1;
struct cbfs_header *h = (struct cbfs_header *)buffer.data;
h->magic = htonl(CBFS_HEADER_MAGIC);
h->version = htonl(CBFS_HEADER_VERSION);
/* The 4 bytes are left out for two reasons:
* 1. the cbfs master header pointer resides there
* 2. some cbfs implementations assume that an image that resides
* below 4GB has a bootblock and get confused when the end of the
* image is at 4GB == 0.
*/
h->bootblocksize = htonl(4);
h->align = htonl(CBFS_ENTRY_ALIGNMENT);
/* The offset and romsize fields within the master header are absolute
* values within the boot media. As such, romsize needs to relfect
* the end 'offset' for a CBFS. To achieve that the current buffer
* representing the CBFS region's size is added to the offset of
* the region within a larger image.
*/
offset = buffer_get(param.image_region) -
buffer_get_original_backing(param.image_region);
size = buffer_size(param.image_region);
h->romsize = htonl(size + offset);
h->offset = htonl(offset);
h->architecture = htonl(CBFS_ARCHITECTURE_UNKNOWN);
header = cbfs_create_file_header(CBFS_COMPONENT_CBFSHEADER,
buffer_size(&buffer), name);
if (cbfs_add_entry(&image, &buffer, 0, header) != 0) {
ERROR("Failed to add cbfs master header into ROM image.\n");
goto done;
}
struct cbfs_file *entry;
if ((entry = cbfs_get_entry(&image, name)) == NULL) {
ERROR("'%s' not in ROM image?!?\n", name);
goto done;
}
uint32_t header_offset = CBFS_SUBHEADER(entry) -
buffer_get(&image.buffer);
header_offset = -(buffer_size(&image.buffer) - header_offset);
// TODO: when we have a BE target, we'll need to store this as BE
*(uint32_t *)(buffer_get(&image.buffer) +
buffer_size(&image.buffer) - 4) =
swab32(htonl(header_offset));
ret = 0;
done:
free(header);
buffer_delete(&buffer);
return ret;
}
static int cbfs_add_component(const char *filename,
const char *name,
uint32_t type,
uint32_t offset,
uint32_t headeroffset,
convert_buffer_t convert)
{
if (!filename) {
ERROR("You need to specify -f/--filename.\n");
return 1;
}
if (!name) {
ERROR("You need to specify -n/--name.\n");
return 1;
}
if (type == 0) {
ERROR("You need to specify a valid -t/--type.\n");
return 1;
}
struct cbfs_image image;
if (cbfs_image_from_buffer(&image, param.image_region, headeroffset))
return 1;
if (cbfs_get_entry(&image, name)) {
ERROR("'%s' already in ROM image.\n", name);
return 1;
}
struct buffer buffer;
if (buffer_from_file(&buffer, filename) != 0) {
ERROR("Could not load file '%s'.\n", filename);
return 1;
}
struct cbfs_file *header =
cbfs_create_file_header(type, buffer.size, name);
if (convert && convert(&buffer, &offset, header) != 0) {
ERROR("Failed to parse file '%s'.\n", filename);
buffer_delete(&buffer);
return 1;
}
if (param.hash != VB2_HASH_INVALID)
if (cbfs_add_file_hash(header, &buffer, param.hash) == -1) {
ERROR("couldn't add hash for '%s'\n", name);
free(header);
buffer_delete(&buffer);
return 1;
}
if (param.autogen_attr) {
/* Add position attribute if assigned */
if (param.baseaddress_assigned || param.stage_xip) {
struct cbfs_file_attr_position *attrs =
(struct cbfs_file_attr_position *)
cbfs_add_file_attr(header,
CBFS_FILE_ATTR_TAG_POSITION,
sizeof(struct cbfs_file_attr_position));
if (attrs == NULL)
return -1;
/* If we add a stage or a payload, we need to take */
/* care about the additional metadata that is added */
/* to the cbfs file and therefore set the position */
/* the real beginning of the data. */
if (type == CBFS_COMPONENT_STAGE)
attrs->position = htonl(offset +
sizeof(struct cbfs_stage));
else if (type == CBFS_COMPONENT_PAYLOAD)
attrs->position = htonl(offset +
sizeof(struct cbfs_payload));
else
attrs->position = htonl(offset);
}
/* Add alignment attribute if used */
if (param.alignment) {
struct cbfs_file_attr_align *attrs =
(struct cbfs_file_attr_align *)
cbfs_add_file_attr(header,
CBFS_FILE_ATTR_TAG_ALIGNMENT,
sizeof(struct cbfs_file_attr_align));
if (attrs == NULL)
return -1;
attrs->alignment = htonl(param.alignment);
}
}
if (IS_TOP_ALIGNED_ADDRESS(offset))
offset = convert_to_from_top_aligned(param.image_region,
-offset);
if (cbfs_add_entry(&image, &buffer, offset, header) != 0) {
ERROR("Failed to add '%s' into ROM image.\n", filename);
free(header);
buffer_delete(&buffer);
return 1;
}
free(header);
buffer_delete(&buffer);
return 0;
}
static int cbfstool_convert_raw(struct buffer *buffer,
unused uint32_t *offset, struct cbfs_file *header)
{
char *compressed;
int compressed_size;
comp_func_ptr compress = compression_function(param.compression);
if (!compress)
return -1;
compressed = calloc(buffer->size, 1);
if (compress(buffer->data, buffer->size,
compressed, &compressed_size)) {
WARN("Compression failed - disabled\n");
} else {
struct cbfs_file_attr_compression *attrs =
(struct cbfs_file_attr_compression *)
cbfs_add_file_attr(header,
CBFS_FILE_ATTR_TAG_COMPRESSION,
sizeof(struct cbfs_file_attr_compression));
if (attrs == NULL)
return -1;
attrs->compression = htonl(param.compression);
attrs->decompressed_size = htonl(buffer->size);
free(buffer->data);
buffer->data = compressed;
buffer->size = compressed_size;
header->len = htonl(buffer->size);
}
return 0;
}
static int cbfstool_convert_fsp(struct buffer *buffer,
uint32_t *offset, struct cbfs_file *header)
{
uint32_t address;
struct buffer fsp;
address = *offset;
/* Ensure the address is a memory mapped one. */
if (!IS_TOP_ALIGNED_ADDRESS(address))
address = -convert_to_from_top_aligned(param.image_region,
address);
/* Create a copy of the buffer to attempt relocation. */
if (buffer_create(&fsp, buffer_size(buffer), "fsp"))
return -1;
memcpy(buffer_get(&fsp), buffer_get(buffer), buffer_size(buffer));
/* Replace the buffer contents w/ the relocated ones on success. */
if (fsp1_1_relocate(address, buffer_get(&fsp), buffer_size(&fsp)) > 0) {
buffer_delete(buffer);
buffer_clone(buffer, &fsp);
} else {
buffer_delete(&fsp);
WARN("FSP was not a 1.1 variant.\n");
}
/* Let the raw path handle all the cbfs metadata logic. */
return cbfstool_convert_raw(buffer, offset, header);
}
static int cbfstool_convert_mkstage(struct buffer *buffer, uint32_t *offset,
struct cbfs_file *header)
{
struct buffer output;
int ret;
if (param.stage_xip) {
int32_t address;
if (do_cbfs_locate(&address, sizeof(struct cbfs_stage))) {
ERROR("Could not find location for XIP stage.\n");
return 1;
}
/* Pass in a top aligned address. */
address = -convert_to_from_top_aligned(param.image_region,
address);
*offset = address;
ret = parse_elf_to_xip_stage(buffer, &output, offset,
param.ignore_section);
} else
ret = parse_elf_to_stage(buffer, &output, param.compression,
offset, param.ignore_section);
if (ret != 0)
return -1;
buffer_delete(buffer);
// direct assign, no dupe.
memcpy(buffer, &output, sizeof(*buffer));
header->len = htonl(output.size);
return 0;
}
static int cbfstool_convert_mkpayload(struct buffer *buffer,
unused uint32_t *offset, struct cbfs_file *header)
{
struct buffer output;
int ret;
/* per default, try and see if payload is an ELF binary */
ret = parse_elf_to_payload(buffer, &output, param.compression);
/* If it's not an ELF, see if it's a UEFI FV */
if (ret != 0)
ret = parse_fv_to_payload(buffer, &output, param.compression);
/* If it's neither ELF nor UEFI Fv, try bzImage */
if (ret != 0)
ret = parse_bzImage_to_payload(buffer, &output,
param.initrd, param.cmdline, param.compression);
/* Not a supported payload type */
if (ret != 0) {
ERROR("Not a supported payload type (ELF / FV).\n");
buffer_delete(buffer);
return -1;
}
buffer_delete(buffer);
// direct assign, no dupe.
memcpy(buffer, &output, sizeof(*buffer));
header->len = htonl(output.size);
return 0;
}
static int cbfstool_convert_mkflatpayload(struct buffer *buffer,
unused uint32_t *offset, struct cbfs_file *header)
{
struct buffer output;
if (parse_flat_binary_to_payload(buffer, &output,
param.loadaddress,
param.entrypoint,
param.compression) != 0) {
return -1;
}
buffer_delete(buffer);
// direct assign, no dupe.
memcpy(buffer, &output, sizeof(*buffer));
header->len = htonl(output.size);
return 0;
}
static int cbfs_add(void)
{
int32_t address;
convert_buffer_t convert;
uint32_t local_baseaddress = param.baseaddress;
if (param.alignment && param.baseaddress) {
ERROR("Cannot specify both alignment and base address\n");
return 1;
}
convert = cbfstool_convert_raw;
/* Set the alignment to 4KiB minimum for FSP blobs when no base address
* is provided so that relocation can occur. */
if (param.type == CBFS_COMPONENT_FSP) {
if (!param.baseaddress_assigned)
param.alignment = 4*1024;
convert = cbfstool_convert_fsp;
}
if (param.alignment) {
/* CBFS compression file attribute is unconditionally added. */
size_t metadata_sz = sizeof(struct cbfs_file_attr_compression);
if (do_cbfs_locate(&address, metadata_sz))
return 1;
local_baseaddress = address;
}
return cbfs_add_component(param.filename,
param.name,
param.type,
local_baseaddress,
param.headeroffset,
convert);
}
static int cbfs_add_stage(void)
{
if (param.stage_xip) {
if (param.baseaddress_assigned) {
ERROR("Cannot specify base address for XIP.\n");
return 1;
}
if (param.compression != CBFS_COMPRESS_NONE) {
ERROR("Cannot specify compression for XIP.\n");
return 1;
}
}
return cbfs_add_component(param.filename,
param.name,
CBFS_COMPONENT_STAGE,
param.baseaddress,
param.headeroffset,
cbfstool_convert_mkstage);
}
static int cbfs_add_payload(void)
{
return cbfs_add_component(param.filename,
param.name,
CBFS_COMPONENT_PAYLOAD,
param.baseaddress,
param.headeroffset,
cbfstool_convert_mkpayload);
}
static int cbfs_add_flat_binary(void)
{
if (param.loadaddress == 0) {
ERROR("You need to specify a valid "
"-l/--load-address.\n");
return 1;
}
if (param.entrypoint == 0) {
ERROR("You need to specify a valid "
"-e/--entry-point.\n");
return 1;
}
return cbfs_add_component(param.filename,
param.name,
CBFS_COMPONENT_PAYLOAD,
param.baseaddress,
param.headeroffset,
cbfstool_convert_mkflatpayload);
}
static int cbfs_add_integer(void)
{
return cbfs_add_integer_component(param.name,
param.u64val,
param.baseaddress,
param.headeroffset);
}
static int cbfs_remove(void)
{
if (!param.name) {
ERROR("You need to specify -n/--name.\n");
return 1;
}
struct cbfs_image image;
if (cbfs_image_from_buffer(&image, param.image_region,
param.headeroffset))
return 1;
if (cbfs_remove_entry(&image, param.name) != 0) {
ERROR("Removing file '%s' failed.\n",
param.name);
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
static int cbfs_create(void)
{
struct cbfs_image image;
memset(&image, 0, sizeof(image));
buffer_clone(&image.buffer, param.image_region);
if (param.fmap) {
if (param.arch != CBFS_ARCHITECTURE_UNKNOWN || param.size ||
param.baseaddress_assigned ||
param.headeroffset_assigned ||
param.cbfsoffset_assigned ||
param.bootblock) {
ERROR("Since -M was provided, -m, -s, -b, -o, -H, and -B should be omitted\n");
return 1;
}
return cbfs_image_create(&image, image.buffer.size);
}
if (param.arch == CBFS_ARCHITECTURE_UNKNOWN) {
ERROR("You need to specify -m/--machine arch.\n");
return 1;
}
struct buffer bootblock;
if (!param.bootblock) {
DEBUG("-B not given, creating image without bootblock.\n");
buffer_create(&bootblock, 0, "(dummy)");
} else if (buffer_from_file(&bootblock, param.bootblock)) {
return 1;
}
if (!param.alignment)
param.alignment = CBFS_ALIGNMENT;
// Set default offsets. x86, as usual, needs to be a special snowflake.
if (!param.baseaddress_assigned) {
if (param.arch == CBFS_ARCHITECTURE_X86) {
// Make sure there's at least enough room for rel_offset
param.baseaddress = param.size -
MAX(bootblock.size, sizeof(int32_t));
DEBUG("x86 -> bootblock lies at end of ROM (%#x).\n",
param.baseaddress);
} else {
param.baseaddress = 0;
DEBUG("bootblock starts at address 0x0.\n");
}
}
if (!param.headeroffset_assigned) {
if (param.arch == CBFS_ARCHITECTURE_X86) {
param.headeroffset = param.baseaddress -
sizeof(struct cbfs_header);
DEBUG("x86 -> CBFS header before bootblock (%#x).\n",
param.headeroffset);
} else {
param.headeroffset = align_up(param.baseaddress +
bootblock.size, sizeof(uint32_t));
DEBUG("CBFS header placed behind bootblock (%#x).\n",
param.headeroffset);
}
}
if (!param.cbfsoffset_assigned) {
if (param.arch == CBFS_ARCHITECTURE_X86) {
param.cbfsoffset = 0;
DEBUG("x86 -> CBFS entries start at address 0x0.\n");
} else {
param.cbfsoffset = align_up(param.headeroffset +
sizeof(struct cbfs_header),
CBFS_ALIGNMENT);
DEBUG("CBFS entries start beind master header (%#x).\n",
param.cbfsoffset);
}
}
int ret = cbfs_legacy_image_create(&image,
param.arch,
CBFS_ALIGNMENT,
&bootblock,
param.baseaddress,
param.headeroffset,
param.cbfsoffset);
buffer_delete(&bootblock);
return ret;
}
static int cbfs_layout(void)
{
const struct fmap *fmap = partitioned_file_get_fmap(param.image_file);
if (!fmap) {
LOG("This is a legacy image composed entirely of a single CBFS.\n");
return 1;
}
printf("This image contains the following sections that can be %s with this tool:\n",
param.show_immutable ? "accessed" : "manipulated");
puts("");
for (unsigned i = 0; i < fmap->nareas; ++i) {
const struct fmap_area *current = fmap->areas + i;
bool readonly = partitioned_file_fmap_count(param.image_file,
partitioned_file_fmap_select_children_of, current) ||
region_is_flashmap((const char *)current->name);
if (!param.show_immutable && readonly)
continue;
printf("'%s'", current->name);
// Detect consecutive sections that describe the same region and
// show them as aliases. This cannot find equivalent entries
// that aren't adjacent; however, fmaptool doesn't generate
// FMAPs with such sections, so this convenience feature works
// for all but the strangest manually created FMAP binaries.
// TODO: This could be done by parsing the FMAP into some kind
// of tree that had duplicate lists in addition to child lists,
// which would allow covering that weird, unlikely case as well.
unsigned lookahead;
for (lookahead = 1; i + lookahead < fmap->nareas;
++lookahead) {
const struct fmap_area *consecutive =
fmap->areas + i + lookahead;
if (consecutive->offset != current->offset ||
consecutive->size != current->size)
break;
printf(", '%s'", consecutive->name);
}
if (lookahead > 1)
fputs(" are aliases for the same region", stdout);
const char *qualifier = "";
if (readonly)
qualifier = "read-only, ";
else if (region_is_modern_cbfs((const char *)current->name))
qualifier = "CBFS, ";
printf(" (%ssize %u)\n", qualifier, current->size);
i += lookahead - 1;
}
puts("");
if (param.show_immutable) {
puts("It is at least possible to perform the read action on every section listed above.");
} else {
puts("It is possible to perform either the write action or the CBFS add/remove actions on every section listed above.");
puts("To see the image's read-only sections as well, rerun with the -w option.");
}
return 0;
}
static int cbfs_print(void)
{
struct cbfs_image image;
if (cbfs_image_from_buffer(&image, param.image_region,
param.headeroffset))
return 1;
if (param.machine_parseable)
return cbfs_print_parseable_directory(&image);
else
return cbfs_print_directory(&image);
}
static int cbfs_extract(void)
{
if (!param.filename) {
ERROR("You need to specify -f/--filename.\n");
return 1;
}
if (!param.name) {
ERROR("You need to specify -n/--name.\n");
return 1;
}
struct cbfs_image image;
if (cbfs_image_from_buffer(&image, param.image_region,
param.headeroffset))
return 1;
return cbfs_export_entry(&image, param.name, param.filename,
param.arch);
}
static int cbfs_write(void)
{
if (!param.filename) {
ERROR("You need to specify a valid input -f/--file.\n");
return 1;
}
if (!partitioned_file_is_partitioned(param.image_file)) {
ERROR("This operation isn't valid on legacy images having CBFS master headers\n");
return 1;
}
if (region_is_modern_cbfs(param.region_name)) {
ERROR("Target image region '%s' is a CBFS and must be manipulated using add and remove\n",
param.region_name);
return 1;
}
struct buffer new_content;
if (buffer_from_file(&new_content, param.filename))
return 1;
if (buffer_check_magic(&new_content, FMAP_SIGNATURE,
strlen(FMAP_SIGNATURE))) {
ERROR("File '%s' appears to be an FMAP and cannot be added to an existing image\n",
param.filename);
buffer_delete(&new_content);
return 1;
}
if (buffer_check_magic(&new_content, CBFS_FILE_MAGIC,
strlen(CBFS_FILE_MAGIC))) {
ERROR("File '%s' appears to be a CBFS and cannot be inserted into a raw region\n",
param.filename);
buffer_delete(&new_content);
return 1;
}
unsigned offset = 0;
if (param.fill_partial_upward && param.fill_partial_downward) {
ERROR("You may only specify one of -u and -d.\n");
buffer_delete(&new_content);
return 1;
} else if (!param.fill_partial_upward && !param.fill_partial_downward) {
if (new_content.size != param.image_region->size) {
ERROR("File to add is %zu bytes and would not fill %zu-byte target region (did you mean to pass either -u or -d?)\n",
new_content.size, param.image_region->size);
buffer_delete(&new_content);
return 1;
}
} else {
if (new_content.size > param.image_region->size) {
ERROR("File to add is %zu bytes and would overflow %zu-byte target region\n",
new_content.size, param.image_region->size);
buffer_delete(&new_content);
return 1;
}
WARN("Written area will abut %s of target region: any unused space will keep its current contents\n",
param.fill_partial_upward ? "bottom" : "top");
if (param.fill_partial_downward)
offset = param.image_region->size - new_content.size;
}
memcpy(param.image_region->data + offset, new_content.data,
new_content.size);
buffer_delete(&new_content);
return 0;
}
static int cbfs_read(void)
{
if (!param.filename) {
ERROR("You need to specify a valid output -f/--file.\n");
return 1;
}
if (!partitioned_file_is_partitioned(param.image_file)) {
ERROR("This operation isn't valid on legacy images having CBFS master headers\n");
return 1;
}
return buffer_write_file(param.image_region, param.filename);
}
static int cbfs_update_fit(void)
{
if (!param.name) {
ERROR("You need to specify -n/--name.\n");
return 1;
}
if (param.fit_empty_entries <= 0) {
ERROR("Invalid number of fit entries "
"(-x/--empty-fits): %d\n", param.fit_empty_entries);
return 1;
}
struct buffer bootblock;
// The bootblock is part of the CBFS on x86
buffer_clone(&bootblock, param.image_region);
struct cbfs_image image;
if (cbfs_image_from_buffer(&image, param.image_region,
param.headeroffset))
return 1;
if (fit_update_table(&bootblock, &image, param.name,
param.fit_empty_entries, convert_to_from_top_aligned))
return 1;
// The region to be written depends on the type of image, so we write it
// here rather than having main() write the CBFS region back as usual.
return !partitioned_file_write_region(param.image_file, &bootblock);
}
static int cbfs_copy(void)
{
struct cbfs_image src_image;
struct buffer src_buf;
if (!param.source_region) {
ERROR("You need to specify -R/--source-region.\n");
return 1;
}
/* Obtain the source region and convert it to a cbfs_image. */
if (!partitioned_file_read_region(&src_buf, param.image_file,
param.source_region)) {
ERROR("Region not found in image: %s\n", param.source_region);
return 1;
}
if (cbfs_image_from_buffer(&src_image, &src_buf, param.headeroffset))
return 1;
return cbfs_copy_instance(&src_image, param.image_region);
}
static int cbfs_compact(void)
{
struct cbfs_image image;
if (cbfs_image_from_buffer(&image, param.image_region,
param.headeroffset))
return 1;
WARN("Compacting a CBFS doesn't honor alignment or fixed addresses!\n");
return cbfs_compact_instance(&image);
}
static const struct command commands[] = {
{"add", "H:r:f:n:t:c:b:a:vA:gh?", cbfs_add, true, true},
{"add-flat-binary", "H:r:f:n:l:e:c:b:vA:gh?", cbfs_add_flat_binary,
true, true},
{"add-payload", "H:r:f:n:t:c:b:C:I:vA:gh?", cbfs_add_payload,
true, true},
{"add-stage", "a:H:r:f:n:t:c:b:P:S:yvA:gh?", cbfs_add_stage,
true, true},
{"add-int", "H:r:i:n:b:vgh?", cbfs_add_integer, true, true},
{"add-master-header", "H:r:vh?", cbfs_add_master_header, true, true},
{"compact", "r:h?", cbfs_compact, true, true},
{"copy", "r:R:h?", cbfs_copy, true, true},
{"create", "M:r:s:B:b:H:o:m:vh?", cbfs_create, true, true},
{"extract", "H:r:m:n:f:vh?", cbfs_extract, true, false},
{"layout", "wvh?", cbfs_layout, false, false},
{"print", "H:r:vkh?", cbfs_print, true, false},
{"read", "r:f:vh?", cbfs_read, true, false},
{"remove", "H:r:n:vh?", cbfs_remove, true, true},
{"update-fit", "H:r:n:x:vh?", cbfs_update_fit, true, true},
{"write", "r:f:udvh?", cbfs_write, true, true},
};
static struct option long_options[] = {
{"alignment", required_argument, 0, 'a' },
{"base-address", required_argument, 0, 'b' },
{"bootblock", required_argument, 0, 'B' },
{"cmdline", required_argument, 0, 'C' },
{"compression", required_argument, 0, 'c' },
{"empty-fits", required_argument, 0, 'x' },
{"entry-point", required_argument, 0, 'e' },
{"file", required_argument, 0, 'f' },
{"fill-downward", no_argument, 0, 'd' },
{"fill-upward", no_argument, 0, 'u' },
{"flashmap", required_argument, 0, 'M' },
{"fmap-regions", required_argument, 0, 'r' },
{"source-region", required_argument, 0, 'R' },
{"hash-algorithm",required_argument, 0, 'A' },
{"header-offset", required_argument, 0, 'H' },
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h' },
{"ignore-sec", required_argument, 0, 'S' },
{"initrd", required_argument, 0, 'I' },
{"int", required_argument, 0, 'i' },
{"load-address", required_argument, 0, 'l' },
{"machine", required_argument, 0, 'm' },
{"name", required_argument, 0, 'n' },
{"offset", required_argument, 0, 'o' },
{"page-size", required_argument, 0, 'P' },
{"size", required_argument, 0, 's' },
{"top-aligned", required_argument, 0, 'T' },
{"type", required_argument, 0, 't' },
{"verbose", no_argument, 0, 'v' },
{"with-readonly", no_argument, 0, 'w' },
{"xip", no_argument, 0, 'y' },
{"gen-attribute", no_argument, 0, 'g' },
{"mach-parseable",no_argument, 0, 'k' },
{NULL, 0, 0, 0 }
};
static int dispatch_command(struct command command)
{
if (command.accesses_region) {
assert(param.image_file);
if (partitioned_file_is_partitioned(param.image_file)) {
LOG("Performing operation on '%s' region...\n",
param.region_name);
}
if (!partitioned_file_read_region(param.image_region,
param.image_file, param.region_name)) {
ERROR("The image will be left unmodified.\n");
return 1;
}
if (command.modifies_region) {
// We (intentionally) don't support overwriting the FMAP
// section. If you find yourself wanting to do this,
// consider creating a new image rather than performing
// whatever hacky transformation you were planning.
if (region_is_flashmap(param.region_name)) {
ERROR("Image region '%s' is read-only because it contains the FMAP.\n",
param.region_name);
ERROR("The image will be left unmodified.\n");
return 1;
}
// We don't allow writing raw data to regions that
// contain nested regions, since doing so would
// overwrite all such subregions.
if (partitioned_file_region_contains_nested(
param.image_file, param.region_name)) {
ERROR("Image region '%s' is read-only because it contains nested regions.\n",
param.region_name);
ERROR("The image will be left unmodified.\n");
return 1;
}
}
}
if (command.function()) {
if (partitioned_file_is_partitioned(param.image_file)) {
ERROR("Failed while operating on '%s' region!\n",
param.region_name);
ERROR("The image will be left unmodified.\n");
}
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
static void usage(char *name)
{
printf
("cbfstool: Management utility for CBFS formatted ROM images\n\n"
"USAGE:\n" " %s [-h]\n"
" %s FILE COMMAND [-v] [PARAMETERS]...\n\n" "OPTIONs:\n"
" -H header_offset Do not search for header; use this offset*\n"
" -T Output top-aligned memory address\n"
" -u Accept short data; fill upward/from bottom\n"
" -d Accept short data; fill downward/from top\n"
" -g Generate potition and alignment arguments\n"
" -v Provide verbose output\n"
" -h Display this help message\n\n"
"COMMANDs:\n"
" add [-r image,regions] -f FILE -n NAME -t TYPE [-A hash] \\\n"
" [-c compression] [-b base-address | -a alignment] "
"Add a component\n"
" add-payload [-r image,regions] -f FILE -n NAME [-A hash] \\\n"
" [-c compression] [-b base-address] \\\n"
" (linux specific: [-C cmdline] [-I initrd]) "
"Add a payload to the ROM\n"
" add-stage [-r image,regions] -f FILE -n NAME [-A hash] \\\n"
" [-c compression] [-b base] [-S section-to-ignore] \\\n"
" [-a alignment] [-y|--xip] [-P page-size] "
"Add a stage to the ROM\n"
" add-flat-binary [-r image,regions] -f FILE -n NAME \\\n"
" [-A hash] -l load-address -e entry-point \\\n"
" [-c compression] [-b base] "
"Add a 32bit flat mode binary\n"
" add-int [-r image,regions] -i INTEGER -n NAME [-b base] "
"Add a raw 64-bit integer value\n"
" add-master-header [-r image,regions] "
"Add a legacy CBFS master header\n"
" remove [-r image,regions] -n NAME "
"Remove a component\n"
" compact -r image,regions "
"Defragment CBFS image.\n"
" copy -r image,regions -R source-region "
"Create a copy (duplicate) cbfs instance in fmap\n"
" create -m ARCH -s size [-b bootblock offset] \\\n"
" [-o CBFS offset] [-H header offset] [-B bootblock] "
"Create a legacy ROM file with CBFS master header*\n"
" create -M flashmap [-r list,of,regions,containing,cbfses] "
"Create a new-style partitioned firmware image\n"
" locate [-r image,regions] -f FILE -n NAME [-P page-size] \\\n"
" [-a align] [-T] "
"Find a place for a file of that size\n"
" layout [-w] "
"List mutable (or, with -w, readable) image regions\n"
" print [-r image,regions] "
"Show the contents of the ROM\n"
" extract [-r image,regions] [-m ARCH] -n NAME -f FILE "
"Extracts a raw payload from ROM\n"
" write -r image,regions -f file [-u | -d] "
"Write file into same-size [or larger] raw region\n"
" read [-r fmap-region] -f file "
"Extract raw region contents into binary file\n"
" update-fit [-r image,regions] -n MICROCODE_BLOB_NAME \\\n"
" -x EMTPY_FIT_ENTRIES "
"Updates the FIT table with microcode entries\n"
"\n"
"OFFSETs:\n"
" Numbers accompanying -b, -H, and -o switches* may be provided\n"
" in two possible formats: if their value is greater than\n"
" 0x80000000, they are interpreted as a top-aligned x86 memory\n"
" address; otherwise, they are treated as an offset into flash.\n"
"ARCHes:\n"
" arm64, arm, mips, x86\n"
"TYPEs:\n", name, name
);
print_supported_filetypes();
printf(
"\n* Note that these actions and switches are only valid when\n"
" working with legacy images whose structure is described\n"
" primarily by a CBFS master header. New-style images, in\n"
" contrast, exclusively make use of an FMAP to describe their\n"
" layout: this must minimally contain an '%s' section\n"
" specifying the location of this FMAP itself and a '%s'\n"
" section describing the primary CBFS. It should also be noted\n"
" that, when working with such images, the -F and -r switches\n"
" default to '%s' for convenience, and both the -b switch to\n"
" CBFS operations and the output of the locate action become\n"
" relative to the selected CBFS region's lowest address.\n"
" The one exception to this rule is the top-aligned address,\n"
" which is always relative to the end of the entire image\n"
" rather than relative to the local region; this is true for\n"
" for both input (sufficiently large) and output (-T) data.\n",
SECTION_NAME_FMAP, SECTION_NAME_PRIMARY_CBFS,
SECTION_NAME_PRIMARY_CBFS
);
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
size_t i;
int c;
if (argc < 3) {
usage(argv[0]);
return 1;
}
char *image_name = argv[1];
char *cmd = argv[2];
optind += 2;
for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(commands); i++) {
if (strcmp(cmd, commands[i].name) != 0)
continue;
while (1) {
char *suffix = NULL;
int option_index = 0;
c = getopt_long(argc, argv, commands[i].optstring,
long_options, &option_index);
if (c == -1)
break;
/* filter out illegal long options */
if (strchr(commands[i].optstring, c) == NULL) {
/* TODO maybe print actual long option instead */
ERROR("%s: invalid option -- '%c'\n",
argv[0], c);
c = '?';
}
switch(c) {
case 'n':
param.name = optarg;
break;
case 't':
if (intfiletype(optarg) != ((uint64_t) - 1))
param.type = intfiletype(optarg);
else
param.type = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
if (param.type == 0)
WARN("Unknown type '%s' ignored\n",
optarg);
break;
case 'c': {
int algo = cbfs_parse_comp_algo(optarg);
if (algo >= 0)
param.compression = algo;
else
WARN("Unknown compression '%s' ignored.\n",
optarg);
break;
}
case 'A': {
int algo = cbfs_parse_hash_algo(optarg);
if (algo >= 0)
param.hash = algo;
else {
ERROR("Unknown hash algorithm '%s'.\n",
optarg);
return 1;
}
break;
}
case 'M':
param.fmap = optarg;
break;
case 'r':
param.region_name = optarg;
break;
case 'R':
param.source_region = optarg;
break;
case 'b':
param.baseaddress = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
// baseaddress may be zero on non-x86, so we
// need an explicit "baseaddress_assigned".
param.baseaddress_assigned = 1;
break;
case 'l':
param.loadaddress = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
break;
case 'e':
param.entrypoint = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
break;
case 's':
param.size = strtoul(optarg, &suffix, 0);
if (tolower((int)suffix[0])=='k') {
param.size *= 1024;
}
if (tolower((int)suffix[0])=='m') {
param.size *= 1024 * 1024;
}
break;
case 'B':
param.bootblock = optarg;
break;
case 'H':
param.headeroffset = strtoul(
optarg, NULL, 0);
param.headeroffset_assigned = 1;
break;
case 'a':
param.alignment = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
break;
case 'P':
param.pagesize = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
break;
case 'o':
param.cbfsoffset = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
param.cbfsoffset_assigned = 1;
break;
case 'f':
param.filename = optarg;
break;
case 'i':
param.u64val = strtoull(optarg, NULL, 0);
break;
case 'u':
param.fill_partial_upward = true;
break;
case 'd':
param.fill_partial_downward = true;
break;
case 'w':
param.show_immutable = true;
break;
case 'x':
param.fit_empty_entries = strtol(optarg, NULL, 0);
break;
case 'v':
verbose++;
break;
case 'm':
param.arch = string_to_arch(optarg);
break;
case 'I':
param.initrd = optarg;
break;
case 'C':
param.cmdline = optarg;
break;
case 'S':
param.ignore_section = optarg;
break;
case 'y':
param.stage_xip = true;
break;
case 'g':
param.autogen_attr = true;
break;
case 'k':
param.machine_parseable = true;
break;
case 'h':
case '?':
usage(argv[0]);
return 1;
default:
break;
}
}
if (commands[i].function == cbfs_create) {
if (param.fmap) {
struct buffer flashmap;
if (buffer_from_file(&flashmap, param.fmap))
return 1;
param.image_file = partitioned_file_create(
image_name, &flashmap);
buffer_delete(&flashmap);
} else if (param.size) {
param.image_file = partitioned_file_create_flat(
image_name, param.size);
} else {
ERROR("You need to specify a valid -M/--flashmap or -s/--size.\n");
return 1;
}
} else {
bool write_access = commands[i].modifies_region;
param.image_file =
partitioned_file_reopen(image_name,
write_access);
}
if (!param.image_file)
return 1;
unsigned num_regions = 1;
for (const char *list = strchr(param.region_name, ','); list;
list = strchr(list + 1, ','))
++num_regions;
// If the action needs to read an image region, as indicated by
// having accesses_region set in its command struct, that
// region's buffer struct will be stored here and the client
// will receive a pointer to it via param.image_region. It
// need not write the buffer back to the image file itself,
// since this behavior can be requested via its modifies_region
// field. Additionally, it should never free the region buffer,
// as that is performed automatically once it completes.
struct buffer image_regions[num_regions];
memset(image_regions, 0, sizeof(image_regions));
bool seen_primary_cbfs = false;
char region_name_scratch[strlen(param.region_name) + 1];
strcpy(region_name_scratch, param.region_name);
param.region_name = strtok(region_name_scratch, ",");
for (unsigned region = 0; region < num_regions; ++region) {
if (!param.region_name) {
ERROR("Encountered illegal degenerate region name in -r list\n");
ERROR("The image will be left unmodified.\n");
partitioned_file_close(param.image_file);
return 1;
}
if (strcmp(param.region_name, SECTION_NAME_PRIMARY_CBFS)
== 0)
seen_primary_cbfs = true;
param.image_region = image_regions + region;
if (dispatch_command(commands[i])) {
partitioned_file_close(param.image_file);
return 1;
}
param.region_name = strtok(NULL, ",");
}
if (commands[i].function == cbfs_create && !seen_primary_cbfs) {
ERROR("The creation -r list must include the mandatory '%s' section.\n",
SECTION_NAME_PRIMARY_CBFS);
ERROR("The image will be left unmodified.\n");
partitioned_file_close(param.image_file);
return 1;
}
if (commands[i].modifies_region) {
assert(param.image_file);
for (unsigned region = 0; region < num_regions;
++region) {
if (!partitioned_file_write_region(
param.image_file,
image_regions + region)) {
partitioned_file_close(
param.image_file);
return 1;
}
}
}
partitioned_file_close(param.image_file);
return 0;
}
ERROR("Unknown command '%s'.\n", cmd);
usage(argv[0]);
return 1;
}
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