181 lines
6.0 KiB
Markdown
181 lines
6.0 KiB
Markdown
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---
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title: How to install OpenBSD on x86 GNU GRUB payload
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x-toc-enable: true
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...
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This guide is written for OpenBSD 6.1, but it can be adapted easily for other
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versions (of OpenBSD).
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If you want an encrypted install, use SeaBIOS instead of GRUB and go here:
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<https://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq4.html> (official installation guide, which
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says how to use encryption)
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GRUB supports booting OpenBSD kernels directly. However, you're better off
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simply using the SeaBIOS payload; BSD works well with BIOS or UEFI setups.
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GRUB is acceptable for booting unencrypted BSD installations. However,
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encrypted BSD installations will probably require the use of SeaBIOS/Tianocore.
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install61.fs is the installation image for OpenBSD 6.1. Adapt the
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filename accordingly, for a different OpenBSD version or LibertyBSD.
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Prepare the USB drive (in LibertyBSD or OpenBSD)
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------------------------------------------------
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If you downloaded your ISO on a LibertyBSD or OpenBSD system, here is
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how to create the bootable LibertyBSD/OpenBSD USB drive:
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Connect the USB drive and check the system message buffer:
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dmesg | tail
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Check to confirm which drive it is, for example, if you think it's `sd3`:
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disklabel sd3
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Check that it wasn't automatically mounted. If it was, unmount it:
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doas umount /dev/sd3i
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Now write the OpenBSD installer to the drive with `dd`:
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doas dd if=install60.fs of=/dev/rsdXc bs=1M; sync
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You should now be able to boot the installer from your USB drive.
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Continue reading, for information about how to do that.
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Prepare the USB drive (in NetBSD)
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---------------------------------
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[This
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page](https://wiki.netbsd.org/tutorials/how_to_install_netbsd_from_an_usb_memory_stick/)
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on the NetBSD website shows how to create a NetBSD bootable USB drive
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from within NetBSD itself. You should use the `dd` method documented
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there. This will also work with the OpenBSD image.
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Prepare the USB drive (in FreeBSD)
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----------------------------------
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[This page](https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/bsdinstall-pre.md) on
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the FreeBSD website shows how to create a bootable USB drive for
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installing FreeBSD. Use the `dd` on that page. You can also use the same
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instructions with a OpenBSD ISO image.
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Prepare the USB drive (in GNU+Linux)
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------------------------------------
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If you downloaded your ISO on a GNU+Linux system, here is how to create
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the bootable OpenBSD USB drive:
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Connect the USB drive. Check dmesg:
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dmesg
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Check lsblk to confirm which drive it is:
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lsblk
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Check that it wasn't automatically mounted. If it was, unmount it. For
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example:
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sudo umount /dev/sdX\*
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umount /dev/sdX\*
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dmesg told you what device it is. Overwrite the drive, writing your
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distro ISO to it with dd. For example:
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sudo dd if=install61.fs of=/dev/sdX bs=8M; sync
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dd if=install61.fs of=/dev/sdX bs=8M; sync
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You should now be able to boot the installer from your USB drive.
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Continue reading, for information about how to do that.
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Installing OpenBSD without full disk encryption
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-----------------------------------------------
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Press C in GRUB to access the command line:
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grub> kopenbsd (usb0,openbsd1)/6.1/amd64/bsd.rd
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grub> boot
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It will start booting into the OpenBSD installer. Follow the normal
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process for installing OpenBSD.
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Installing OpenBSD with full disk encryption
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--------------------------------------------
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Not working. You can modify the above procedure (installation w/o
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encryption) to install OpenBSD using full disk encryption, and it
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appears to work, except that it's not yet clear how to actually *boot* an
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OpenBSD+FDE installation using osboot+Grub2. If you get it working,
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please let us know.
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If booting in text mode (framebuffer mode might also work), it might be
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possible to chainload the OpenBSD or LibertyBSD bootloader from the MBR
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section on the internal storage device. This way, it would be possible
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to boot with an encrypted OpenBSD or LibertyBSD installation. Please let
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us know (contact details are on the osboot homepage) if you get it
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working this way.
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Alternatively, it would be good to port OpenBSD either natively as a
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coreboot payload, or port it to libpayload (payload library in coreboot;
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it has a basic C library and a few functions for certain operations e.g.
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text/bitmap). *This would be ideal, because then it would be possible
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to boot a truly fully encrypted OpenBSD or LibertyBSD installation, by
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putting everything in the flash chip.*
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Alternatively, modifying GRUB to support booting fully encrypted OpenBSD
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installations would be possible, but probably not feasible; it's an
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alien codebase to the OpenBSD project, not tightly integrated and the
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OpenBSD bootloader already works.
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Booting
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-------
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Press C in GRUB to access the command line:
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grub> kopenbsd -r sd0a (ahci0,openbsd1)/bsd
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grub> boot
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OpenBSD will start booting. Yay!
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Configuring Grub
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----------------
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If you don't want to drop to the GRUB command line and type in a
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command to boot OpenBSD every time, you can create a GRUB configuration
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that's aware of your OpenBSD installation and that will automatically
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be used by osboot.
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On your OpenBSD root partition, create the `/grub` directory and add the file
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`osboot_grub.cfg` to it. Inside the `osboot_grub.cfg` add these lines:
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default=0
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timeout=3
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menuentry "OpenBSD" {
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kopenbsd -r sd0a (ahci0,openbsd1)/bsd
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}
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If your OpenBSD installation uses a GPT scheme, use the `gpt4` partition
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instead of `openbsd1`.
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The next time you boot, you'll see the old Grub menu for a few seconds,
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then you'll see the a new menu with only OpenBSD on the list. After 3
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seconds OpenBSD will boot, or you can hit enter to boot.
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Troubleshooting
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===============
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Most of these issues occur when using osboot with coreboot's 'text
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mode' instead of the coreboot framebuffer. This mode is useful for
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booting payloads like memtest86+ which expect text-mode, but for OpenBSD
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it can be problematic when they are trying to switch to a framebuffer
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because it doesn't exist.
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Won't boot...something about file not found
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---------------------------------------------
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Your device names (i.e. usb0, usb1, sd0, sd1, wd0, ahci0, hd0, etc) and
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numbers may differ. Use TAB completion.
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