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<section id="saving-and-loading-window-state">
<h1>Saving and Loading Window State<a class="headerlink" href="#saving-and-loading-window-state" title="Permalink to this headline">#</a></h1>
<section id="use-cases">
<h2>Use cases<a class="headerlink" href="#use-cases" title="Permalink to this headline">#</a></h2>
<p>Saving and restoring the window state across sessions is a useful feature for
some applications.</p>
<p>Since applications know best what their state and geometry are—and whether, or
how, those should be applied once the application is launched—it’s better to
have this function near the code that creates the application window itself.</p>
</section>
<section id="where-should-the-state-be-stored">
<h2>Where should the state be stored<a class="headerlink" href="#where-should-the-state-be-stored" title="Permalink to this headline">#</a></h2>
<p>The are two options for storing the window state:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>a file under <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$XDG_CACHE_HOME/your.application.id</span></code> (or simply
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$XDG_CACHE_HOME</span></code> when running inside a Flatpak application)</p></li>
<li><p>GSettings</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Both options have their own advantages and trade offs.</p>
<p>The first option requires you to write the serialization and deserialization
code, but it’s portable and does not require ancillary files to be present at
run time, like a GSettings schema. This means that you need to write more code,
but it allows, for instance, to run your application uninstalled.</p>
<p>The second option gives you the serialization and deserialization code, but it
requires you to define the setting keys schema and install it in a known
location. This means that you will keep your code to a minimum, but it will also
require installation.</p>
<p>It is generally preferred, everything being equal, to use GSettings over a
custom file. The GSettings API is nicer, more reliable, and faster.</p>
</section>
<section id="what-kind-of-state-should-be-saved">
<h2>What kind of state should be saved?<a class="headerlink" href="#what-kind-of-state-should-be-saved" title="Permalink to this headline">#</a></h2>
<p>There are few window states that should generally be saved:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>the window size</p></li>
<li><p>whether the window is maximized, if the window supports it</p></li>
<li><p>whether the window is full screen, if the window supports it</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The position of the window is best left to the window manager. Other states can
be saved along with the ones above, using the same technique, so they will be
left as an exercise for the reader.</p>
<div class="admonition tip">
<p class="admonition-title">Tip</p>
<p>If your application uses a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">GtkPaned</span></code> widget, you may also want to save the
position of the handle, by tracking the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">GtkPaned:position</span></code> property.</p>
</div>
<p>The window geometry should be updated by getting notifications from the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">GtkWindow:default-width</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">GtkWindow:default-height</span></code> properties; window
states, like “maximized” and “fullscreen”, are also mapped to GtkWindow
properties.</p>
</section>
<section id="saving-and-restoring-state-into-gsettings">
<h2>Saving and restoring state into GSettings<a class="headerlink" href="#saving-and-restoring-state-into-gsettings" title="Permalink to this headline">#</a></h2>
<p>First of all, you will need a GSettings schema, to define the keys, the type of
the values, and default value for each key:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">schemalist</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
<span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">schema</span> <span class="nb">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;com.example.YourApp.State&quot;</span> <span class="n">path</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;/com/example/YourApp/State/&gt;</span>
<span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">key</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;width&quot;</span> <span class="nb">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;i&quot;</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
<span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">default</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="mi">640</span><span class="o">&lt;/</span><span class="n">default</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
<span class="o">&lt;/</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
<span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">key</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;height&quot;</span> <span class="nb">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;i&quot;</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
<span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">default</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="mi">480</span><span class="o">&lt;/</span><span class="n">default</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
<span class="o">&lt;/</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
<span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">key</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;is-maximized&quot;</span> <span class="nb">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;b&quot;</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
<span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">default</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="n">false</span><span class="o">&lt;/</span><span class="n">default</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
<span class="o">&lt;/</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
<span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">key</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;is-fullscreen&quot;</span> <span class="nb">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;b&quot;</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
<span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">default</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="n">false</span><span class="o">&lt;/</span><span class="n">default</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
<span class="o">&lt;/</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
<span class="o">&lt;/</span><span class="n">schema</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
<span class="o">&lt;/</span><span class="n">schemalist</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Once you have a schema, you can map window properties to the GSettings keys
defined by that schema:</p>
<div class="sphinx-tabs docutils container">
<div aria-label="Tabbed content" class="closeable" role="tablist"><button aria-controls="panel-0-Qw==" aria-selected="true" class="sphinx-tabs-tab code-tab group-tab" id="tab-0-Qw==" name="Qw==" role="tab" tabindex="0">C</button><button aria-controls="panel-0-UHl0aG9u" aria-selected="false" class="sphinx-tabs-tab code-tab group-tab" id="tab-0-UHl0aG9u" name="UHl0aG9u" role="tab" tabindex="-1">Python</button><button aria-controls="panel-0-VmFsYQ==" aria-selected="false" class="sphinx-tabs-tab code-tab group-tab" id="tab-0-VmFsYQ==" name="VmFsYQ==" role="tab" tabindex="-1">Vala</button><button aria-controls="panel-0-SmF2YVNjcmlwdA==" aria-selected="false" class="sphinx-tabs-tab code-tab group-tab" id="tab-0-SmF2YVNjcmlwdA==" name="SmF2YVNjcmlwdA==" role="tab" tabindex="-1">JavaScript</button></div><div aria-labelledby="tab-0-Qw==" class="sphinx-tabs-panel code-tab group-tab" id="panel-0-Qw==" name="Qw==" role="tabpanel" tabindex="0"><div class="highlight-c notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">static</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="nf">my_application_window_init</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">MyApplicationWindow</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">{</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">GSettings</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">settings</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">g_settings_new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;com.example.YourApp.State&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// update the settings when the properties change and vice versa</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">g_settings_bind</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">settings</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;width&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;default-width&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">G_SETTINGS_BIND_DEFAULT</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">g_settings_bind</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">settings</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;height&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;default-height&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">G_SETTINGS_BIND_DEFAULT</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">g_settings_bind</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">settings</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;is-maximized&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;maximized&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">G_SETTINGS_BIND_DEFAULT</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">g_settings_bind</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">settings</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;is-fullscreen&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;fullscreened&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">G_SETTINGS_BIND_DEFAULT</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">}</span><span class="w"></span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div><div aria-labelledby="tab-0-UHl0aG9u" class="sphinx-tabs-panel code-tab group-tab" hidden="true" id="panel-0-UHl0aG9u" name="UHl0aG9u" role="tabpanel" tabindex="0"><div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">MyApplicationWindow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Gtk</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ApplicationWindow</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="nb">super</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">settings</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Gio</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Settings</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">schema_id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;com.example.YourApp.State&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">settings</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bind</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;width&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">&quot;default-width&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">Gio</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">SettingsBindFlags</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DEFAULT</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">settings</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bind</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;height&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">&quot;default-height&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">Gio</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">SettingsBindFlags</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DEFAULT</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">settings</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bind</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;is-maximized&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">&quot;maximized&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">Gio</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">SettingsBindFlags</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DEFAULT</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">settings</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bind</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;is-fullscreen&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">&quot;fullscreened&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">Gio</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">SettingsBindFlags</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DEFAULT</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div><div aria-labelledby="tab-0-VmFsYQ==" class="sphinx-tabs-panel code-tab group-tab" hidden="true" id="panel-0-VmFsYQ==" name="VmFsYQ==" role="tabpanel" tabindex="0"><div class="highlight-vala notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">My</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ApplicationWindow</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Gtk</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ApplicationWindow</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">init</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">settings</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Settings</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;com.example.YourApp.State&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// update the settings when the properties change and vice versa</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">settings</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">bind</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;width&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;default-width&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SettingsBindFlags</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">DEFAULT</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">settings</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">bind</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;height&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;default-height&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SettingsBindFlags</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">DEFAULT</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">settings</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">bind</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;is-maximized&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;maximized&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SettingsBindFlags</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">DEFAULT</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">settings</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">bind</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;is-fullscreen&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;fullscreened&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SettingsBindFlags</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">DEFAULT</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">}</span><span class="w"></span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div><div aria-labelledby="tab-0-SmF2YVNjcmlwdA==" class="sphinx-tabs-panel code-tab group-tab" hidden="true" id="panel-0-SmF2YVNjcmlwdA==" name="SmF2YVNjcmlwdA==" role="tabpanel" tabindex="0"><div class="highlight-js notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">settings</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Gio</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Settings</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">schema</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;com.example.YourApp.State&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">});</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">window</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Adw</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">ApplicationWindow</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">application</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">});</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="c1">// update the settings when the properties change and vice versa</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="nx">settings</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">bind</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;width&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">window</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;default-width&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Gio</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">SettingsBindFlags</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">DEFAULT</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="nx">settings</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">bind</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;height&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">window</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;default-height&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Gio</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">SettingsBindFlags</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">DEFAULT</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="nx">settings</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">bind</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;is-maximized&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">window</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;maximized&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Gio</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">SettingsBindFlags</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">DEFAULT</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="nx">settings</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">bind</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;is-fullscreen&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">window</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;fullscreened&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Gio</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">SettingsBindFlags</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">DEFAULT</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div></div>
<p>The code above will automatically set the properties to the value in the
corresponding GSettings keys, and will update the GSettings keys with the value
of the properties whenever they change.</p>
</section>
</section>
</article>
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<ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Saving and Loading Window State</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#use-cases">Use cases</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#where-should-the-state-be-stored">Where should the state be stored</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#what-kind-of-state-should-be-saved">What kind of state should be saved?</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#saving-and-restoring-state-into-gsettings">Saving and restoring state into GSettings</a></li>
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