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385 lines
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<link rel="index" title="Index" href="../genindex.html" /><link rel="search" title="Search" href="../search.html" /><link rel="next" title="Coding Guidelines for Supporting Accessibility" href="accessibility/coding-guidelines.html" /><link rel="prev" title="Introspection" href="programming/introspection.html" />
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<meta name="generator" content="sphinx-4.3.0, furo 2022.06.21"/>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../introduction/languages.html">Programming Languages</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../introduction/flatpak.html">Flatpak</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1 current has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../guidelines.html">Guidelines</a><input checked="" class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-3" name="toctree-checkbox-3" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-3"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle child pages in navigation</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul class="current">
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="programming/coding-style.html">C Coding Style</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="programming/memory-management.html">Managing Memory</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="programming/writing-good-code.html">The Importance of Writing Good Code</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="programming/optimizing.html">Optimizing GNOME Applications</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="programming/introspection.html">Introspection</a></li>
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</ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2 current has-children current-page"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">Accessibility</a><input checked="" class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-5" name="toctree-checkbox-5" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-5"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle child pages in navigation</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="accessibility/coding-guidelines.html">Coding Guidelines for Supporting Accessibility</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="accessibility/custom-widgets.html">Making Custom Components Accessible</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="localization.html">Localization</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-6" name="toctree-checkbox-6" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-6"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle child pages in navigation</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="localization/practices.html">Best Practices for Localization</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="maintainer.html">Maintainer Guidelines</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-7" name="toctree-checkbox-7" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-7"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle child pages in navigation</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="maintainer/api-stability.html">API Stability</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="maintainer/parallel-installability.html">Parallel Installability</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="maintainer/integrating.html">Integrating with GNOME</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="devel-docs.html">Developer Documentation Style Guidelines</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/getting_started.html">Getting Started</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-10" name="toctree-checkbox-10" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-10"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle child pages in navigation</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/getting_started/content_view.html">Adding A Content View</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/getting_started/opening_files.html">Loading Content From A File</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/getting_started/cursor_position.html">Showing The Cursor Position</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/getting_started/saving_files.html">Saving The Content To A File</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/getting_started/saving_state.html">Saving The Application State</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/getting_started/adding_toasts.html">Notifying The User With Toasts</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/getting_started/dark_mode.html">Forcing The Dark Color Scheme</a></li>
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</ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components.html">UI components</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-11" name="toctree-checkbox-11" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-11"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle child pages in navigation</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/window.html">Windows</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/stack.html">Stacks</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/check_box.html">Check Boxes</a></li>
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|||
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/radio_button.html">Radio Buttons</a></li>
|
|||
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/spin_button.html">Spin Buttons</a></li>
|
|||
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/link_button.html">Link Buttons</a></li>
|
|||
|
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/switch.html">Switches</a></li>
|
|||
|
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/menu_button.html">Menu Buttons</a></li>
|
|||
|
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/entry.html">Entries</a></li>
|
|||
|
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/password_entry.html">Password Entries</a></li>
|
|||
|
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/message_dialog.html">Messages</a></li>
|
|||
|
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/file_dialog.html">File Dialogs</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/spinner.html">Spinners</a></li>
|
|||
|
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/level_bar.html">Level Bars</a></li>
|
|||
|
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</ul>
|
|||
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</li>
|
|||
|
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</ul>
|
|||
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</li>
|
|||
|
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/application-id.html">Application ID</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/application.html">Using GtkApplication</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/save-state.html">Saving and Loading Window State</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/notifications.html">Using Notifications</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/themed-icons.html">Themed Icons</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/deprecations.html">Dealing With Deprecations</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/actions.html">Actions</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/menus.html">Menus</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/search-provider.html">Writing a Search Provider</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/pre-and-post-conditions.html">Pre- and Post-Conditions</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/main-contexts.html">Main Contexts</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/lists.html">Using GLib Lists</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/threading.html">Threading</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/asynchronous-programming.html">Asynchronous Programming</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/drag-and-drop.html">Drag and Drop</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/widget-templates.html">Widget Templates</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
|
</li>
|
|||
|
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
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|
|||
|
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</div>
|
|||
|
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</div>
|
|||
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|
|||
|
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</div>
|
|||
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|
|||
|
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</div>
|
|||
|
|
</aside>
|
|||
|
|
<main class="main">
|
|||
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|||
|
|
<article role="main">
|
|||
|
|
<label class="toc-overlay-icon toc-content-icon" for="__toc">
|
|||
|
|
<i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-toc"></use></svg></i>
|
|||
|
|
</label>
|
|||
|
|
<section id="accessibility">
|
|||
|
|
<h1>Accessibility<a class="headerlink" href="#accessibility" title="Permalink to this headline">#</a></h1>
|
|||
|
|
<p>Accessibility means helping people with disabilities to participate in
|
|||
|
|
substantial life activities. That includes work, and the use of services,
|
|||
|
|
products, and information. GNOME includes libraries and a support framework
|
|||
|
|
that allow people with disabilities to utilize all of the functionality of the
|
|||
|
|
GNOME user environment.</p>
|
|||
|
|
<p>In conjunction with assistive technologies if necessary - voice interfaces,
|
|||
|
|
screen readers, alternate input devices, and so on - people with permanent or
|
|||
|
|
temporary disabilities can therefore use the GNOME desktop and applications.
|
|||
|
|
Assistive technologies are also useful for people using computers outside their
|
|||
|
|
home or office. For example, if you’re stuck in traffic, you might use voice
|
|||
|
|
input and output to check your email.</p>
|
|||
|
|
<p>Assistive technologies receive information from applications via the AT-SPI
|
|||
|
|
D-Bus protocol, which you can find in the <a class="reference external" href="https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/at-spi2-core/">at-spi2-core</a> repository. GTK implements the
|
|||
|
|
AT-SPI protocol for its own widgets, and exposes the <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.gtk.org/gtk4/iface.Accessible.html">GtkAccessible API</a> to
|
|||
|
|
application developers. Because support for the accessibility API is built into
|
|||
|
|
the GTK toolkit, your GNOME program should function reasonably well with
|
|||
|
|
assistive technologies with no extra work on your part. For example, assistive
|
|||
|
|
technologies can automatically read the widget labels that you would normally
|
|||
|
|
set in your program anyway (e.g. with GTK function calls such as
|
|||
|
|
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gtk_label_set_text()</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gtk_button_new_with_label()</span></code>). They can also
|
|||
|
|
find out if there is any tooltip text associated with a widget, and use that to
|
|||
|
|
describe the widget to the user.</p>
|
|||
|
|
<p>With a little extra effort, however, you can make your program function even
|
|||
|
|
more smoothly with assistive technologies. Besides helping individual users,
|
|||
|
|
this will also make your product more attractive to government and education
|
|||
|
|
markets, many of which now require their applications to be accessible by law.</p>
|
|||
|
|
<section id="types-of-disabilities">
|
|||
|
|
<h2>Types of disabilities<a class="headerlink" href="#types-of-disabilities" title="Permalink to this headline">#</a></h2>
|
|||
|
|
<p>Disabilities fall into one of these categories:</p>
|
|||
|
|
<dl class="simple">
|
|||
|
|
<dt>visual impairments</dt><dd><p>these can range from low-vision (including dim or hazy vision, extreme far- or
|
|||
|
|
near-sightedness, color-blindness, and tunnel vision, amongst others) to
|
|||
|
|
complete blindness. Poor choice of text size and color, and tasks that involve
|
|||
|
|
good hand-eye coordination (such as moving the mouse) can cause problems for
|
|||
|
|
these users.</p>
|
|||
|
|
</dd>
|
|||
|
|
<dt>movement impairments</dt><dd><p>users with poor muscle control or weaknesses can find it hard to use a
|
|||
|
|
standard keyboard or mouse. For example, they may be unable to hold down two
|
|||
|
|
keys simultaneously, or they may be more likely to strike keys accidentally.</p>
|
|||
|
|
</dd>
|
|||
|
|
<dt>hearing impairments</dt><dd><p>these can range from being able to hear some sounds but not distinguish spoken
|
|||
|
|
words, to profound deafness. Applications that convey important information by
|
|||
|
|
sound alone will cause problems for these users.</p>
|
|||
|
|
</dd>
|
|||
|
|
<dt>cognitive and language impairments</dt><dd><p>these can range from dyslexia to difficulties remembering things, solving
|
|||
|
|
problems or comprehending and using spoken or written language. Complex or
|
|||
|
|
inconsistent displays, or poor choice of words can make using computers
|
|||
|
|
difficult for these users.</p>
|
|||
|
|
</dd>
|
|||
|
|
<dt>seizure disorders</dt><dd><p>certain light or sound patterns can cause epileptic seizures in some
|
|||
|
|
susceptible users.</p>
|
|||
|
|
</dd>
|
|||
|
|
</dl>
|
|||
|
|
</section>
|
|||
|
|
<section id="content-overview">
|
|||
|
|
<h2>Content overview<a class="headerlink" href="#content-overview" title="Permalink to this headline">#</a></h2>
|
|||
|
|
<ul class="simple">
|
|||
|
|
<li><p>The <a class="reference external" href="https://developer.gnome.org/hig/">GNOME Human Interface Guidelines</a>
|
|||
|
|
contain a section on how to design your application so that it is accessible
|
|||
|
|
right from the start.</p></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="accessibility/coding-guidelines.html"><span class="doc">Improving your UI’s accessibility</span></a></p></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="accessibility/custom-widgets.html"><span class="doc">Making custom UI elements accessible</span></a></p></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://docs.gtk.org/gtk4/section-accessibility.html">GTK Accessibility guidelines</a></p></li>
|
|||
|
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
|
<div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
</section>
|
|||
|
|
</section>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
</article>
|
|||
|
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<footer>
|
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|
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|
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|
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<div class="related-pages">
|
|||
|
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<a class="next-page" href="accessibility/coding-guidelines.html">
|
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<div class="page-info">
|
|||
|
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<div class="context">
|
|||
|
|
<span>Next</span>
|
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|
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</div>
|
|||
|
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<div class="title">Coding Guidelines for Supporting Accessibility</div>
|
|||
|
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</div>
|
|||
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<svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg>
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</a>
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<a class="prev-page" href="programming/introspection.html">
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<svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg>
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<div class="context">
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<span>Previous</span>
|
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|
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</div>
|
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|
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|
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<div class="title">Introspection</div>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
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|
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</a>
|
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|
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</div>
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</footer>
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</div>
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<div class="toc-sticky toc-scroll">
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<div class="toc-title-container">
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<span class="toc-title">
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Contents
|
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</span>
|
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</div>
|
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<div class="toc-tree-container">
|
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|
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<div class="toc-tree">
|
|||
|
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<ul>
|
|||
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Accessibility</a><ul>
|
|||
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#types-of-disabilities">Types of disabilities</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#content-overview">Content overview</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
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</li>
|
|||
|
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</ul>
|
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|
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|
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</div>
|
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|
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</div>
|
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|
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</div>
|
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|
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|
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</aside>
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</main>
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</div><script data-url_root="../" id="documentation_options" src="../_static/documentation_options.js"></script>
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