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HTML
373 lines
24 KiB
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<html class="no-js">
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<head><meta charset="utf-8"/>
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<meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark"><meta name="generator" content="Docutils 0.17.1: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/" />
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<link rel="index" title="Index" href="../genindex.html" /><link rel="search" title="Search" href="../search.html" /><link rel="next" title="Best Practices for Localization" href="localization/practices.html" /><link rel="prev" title="Making Custom Components Accessible" href="accessibility/custom-widgets.html" />
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<meta name="generator" content="sphinx-4.3.0, furo 2022.06.21"/>
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<title>Localization - GNOME Developer Documentation</title>
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<style>
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body {
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--color-code-background: #f8f8f8;
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--color-code-foreground: black;
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--color-brand-primary: #4a86cf;
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--color-brand-content: #4a86cf;
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@media not print {
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body[data-theme="dark"] {
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--color-code-background: #202020;
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--color-code-foreground: #d0d0d0;
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body:not([data-theme="light"]) {
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--color-code-background: #202020;
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--color-code-foreground: #d0d0d0;
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<symbol id="svg-moon" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
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<title>Dark mode</title>
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"
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stroke-width="1.5" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="icon-tabler-moon">
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</symbol>
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<symbol id="svg-sun-half" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
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<title>Auto light/dark mode</title>
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"
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stroke-width="1.5" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="icon-tabler-shadow">
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<path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/>
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<circle cx="12" cy="12" r="9" />
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<input type="checkbox" class="sidebar-toggle" name="__navigation" id="__navigation">
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<div class="page">
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<header class="mobile-header">
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<a href="../index.html"><div class="brand">GNOME Developer Documentation</div></a>
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<aside class="sidebar-drawer">
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<div class="sidebar-sticky"><a class="sidebar-brand" href="../index.html">
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<span class="sidebar-brand-text">GNOME Developer Documentation</span>
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<div id="searchbox"></div><div class="sidebar-scroll"><div class="sidebar-tree">
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<p class="caption" role="heading"><span class="caption-text">Contents</span></p>
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<ul class="current">
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<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../introduction.html">Platform Introduction</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-1" name="toctree-checkbox-1" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-1"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle child pages in navigation</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../introduction/components.html">Platform Components</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-2" name="toctree-checkbox-2" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-2"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle child pages in navigation</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../introduction/overview/libraries.html">Libraries</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../introduction/overview/services.html">Services</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../introduction/languages.html">Programming Languages</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../introduction/builder.html">GNOME Builder</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../introduction/flatpak.html">Flatpak</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l1 current has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../guidelines.html">Guidelines</a><input checked="" class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-3" name="toctree-checkbox-3" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-3"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle child pages in navigation</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul class="current">
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<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="programming.html">Programming Guidelines</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-4" name="toctree-checkbox-4" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-4"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle child pages in navigation</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="programming/coding-style.html">C Coding Style</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="programming/memory-management.html">Managing Memory</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="programming/writing-good-code.html">The Importance of Writing Good Code</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="programming/optimizing.html">Optimizing GNOME Applications</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="programming/namespacing.html">Namespacing</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="programming/introspection.html">Introspection</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="accessibility.html">Accessibility</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-5" name="toctree-checkbox-5" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-5"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle child pages in navigation</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="accessibility/coding-guidelines.html">Coding Guidelines for Supporting Accessibility</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="accessibility/custom-widgets.html">Making Custom Components Accessible</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l2 current has-children current-page"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">Localization</a><input checked="" class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-6" name="toctree-checkbox-6" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-6"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle child pages in navigation</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="localization/practices.html">Best Practices for Localization</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="maintainer.html">Maintainer Guidelines</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-7" name="toctree-checkbox-7" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-7"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle child pages in navigation</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="maintainer/api-stability.html">API Stability</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="maintainer/parallel-installability.html">Parallel Installability</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="maintainer/integrating.html">Integrating with GNOME</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="devel-docs.html">Developer Documentation Style Guidelines</a></li>
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</ul>
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<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials.html">Tutorials</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-8" name="toctree-checkbox-8" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-8"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle child pages in navigation</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners.html">Beginners Tutorials</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-9" name="toctree-checkbox-9" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-9"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle child pages in navigation</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/getting_started.html">Getting Started</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-10" name="toctree-checkbox-10" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-10"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle child pages in navigation</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/getting_started/content_view.html">Adding A Content View</a></li>
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|||
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/getting_started/opening_files.html">Loading Content From A File</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/getting_started/cursor_position.html">Showing The Cursor Position</a></li>
|
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/getting_started/saving_files.html">Saving The Content To A File</a></li>
|
|||
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/getting_started/saving_state.html">Saving The Application State</a></li>
|
|||
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/getting_started/adding_toasts.html">Notifying The User With Toasts</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/getting_started/dark_mode.html">Forcing The Dark Color Scheme</a></li>
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</ul>
|
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</li>
|
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<li class="toctree-l3 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components.html">UI components</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-11" name="toctree-checkbox-11" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-11"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle child pages in navigation</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/window.html">Windows</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/image.html">Images</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/label.html">Labels</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/button.html">Buttons</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/box.html">Boxes</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/stack.html">Stacks</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/leaflet.html">Leaflets</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/toggle.html">Toggles</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/check_box.html">Check Boxes</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/radio_button.html">Radio Buttons</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/spin_button.html">Spin Buttons</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/link_button.html">Link Buttons</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/switch.html">Switches</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/menu_button.html">Menu Buttons</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/entry.html">Entries</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/password_entry.html">Password Entries</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/message_dialog.html">Messages</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/file_dialog.html">File Dialogs</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/spinner.html">Spinners</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/beginners/components/level_bar.html">Level Bars</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
|
</li>
|
|||
|
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
|
</li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/application-id.html">Application ID</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/application.html">Using GtkApplication</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/save-state.html">Saving and Loading Window State</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/notifications.html">Using Notifications</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/themed-icons.html">Themed Icons</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/deprecations.html">Dealing With Deprecations</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/actions.html">Actions</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/menus.html">Menus</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/search-provider.html">Writing a Search Provider</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/pre-and-post-conditions.html">Pre- and Post-Conditions</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/main-contexts.html">Main Contexts</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/lists.html">Using GLib Lists</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/threading.html">Threading</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/asynchronous-programming.html">Asynchronous Programming</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/drag-and-drop.html">Drag and Drop</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/widget-templates.html">Widget Templates</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
|
</li>
|
|||
|
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
</aside>
|
|||
|
|
<main class="main">
|
|||
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|||
|
|
<article role="main">
|
|||
|
|
<label class="toc-overlay-icon toc-content-icon" for="__toc">
|
|||
|
|
<i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-toc"></use></svg></i>
|
|||
|
|
</label>
|
|||
|
|
<section id="localization">
|
|||
|
|
<h1>Localization<a class="headerlink" href="#localization" title="Permalink to this headline">#</a></h1>
|
|||
|
|
<p>This section aims to help software developers getting familiar with the
|
|||
|
|
<em>localization</em> (l10n) tools and the <em>internationalization</em> (i18n) process for
|
|||
|
|
the GNOME project and software written for GNOME. It should cover most of the
|
|||
|
|
aspects of localization, from the technical details on how to enable
|
|||
|
|
localization, to how to avoid common pitfalls and how to prevent making the
|
|||
|
|
translation work for translators unnecessarily troublesome.</p>
|
|||
|
|
<section id="why-localize">
|
|||
|
|
<h2>Why localize?<a class="headerlink" href="#why-localize" title="Permalink to this headline">#</a></h2>
|
|||
|
|
<p>The process of localization is making software accessible to users of a
|
|||
|
|
different language or a different culture. The last part is important. Users may
|
|||
|
|
share more or less the same language but still require different settings due to
|
|||
|
|
differences in culture and society.</p>
|
|||
|
|
<p>Why should one localize? It’s a complex question with many answers, but one is
|
|||
|
|
of course that this dramatically helps attract many more users. In the free
|
|||
|
|
software world, a large user base is not only important because it helps getting
|
|||
|
|
the software tested, but it also helps with getting potential new contributors
|
|||
|
|
in the future, in addition to several other important benefits. Another aspect
|
|||
|
|
is the aspect of freedom. The user has the freedom to chose whatever
|
|||
|
|
localization of your software that he or she prefers and is most comfortable
|
|||
|
|
with, thanks to the software supporting localization. Please bear in mind that
|
|||
|
|
you as a developer only have to enable localization in the software. Lots of the
|
|||
|
|
other hard work is done by other volunteers such as translators and developers
|
|||
|
|
of the libraries and tools used. Thus it is usually a small price to pay for the
|
|||
|
|
user getting a lot of freedom and an accessible application.</p>
|
|||
|
|
<p>The most well-known aspect of localization is the localization of the language,
|
|||
|
|
the translation, but localization also covers a lot of other aspects, ranging
|
|||
|
|
from the decimal character used, the thousands separator used, whether the week
|
|||
|
|
starts on Sunday or Monday, or whether other icons or symbols are needed, and
|
|||
|
|
countless other aspects. Most of these should be considered as important as the
|
|||
|
|
translation. The translation is just one of several steps needed for making the
|
|||
|
|
software usable to people around the world. If the user should have difficulties
|
|||
|
|
understanding for example the display of a decimal number, then the application
|
|||
|
|
still isn’t accessible. Even if the user does understand it but it is presented
|
|||
|
|
in a, from his or her perspective, very strange and inconvenient format, then
|
|||
|
|
the application still isn’t accessible. Other similar applications that can
|
|||
|
|
present the values correctly will most likely be preferred. Worse, the user
|
|||
|
|
might even interpret the value wrongly, like for example with different and
|
|||
|
|
ambiguous date formats or different decimal and thousands separators, in which
|
|||
|
|
case the end result can be disastrous.</p>
|
|||
|
|
</section>
|
|||
|
|
<section id="useful-resources">
|
|||
|
|
<h2>Useful resources<a class="headerlink" href="#useful-resources" title="Permalink to this headline">#</a></h2>
|
|||
|
|
<ul class="simple">
|
|||
|
|
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/">GNU gettext manual</a></p></li>
|
|||
|
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
|
</section>
|
|||
|
|
<section id="contents">
|
|||
|
|
<h2>Contents<a class="headerlink" href="#contents" title="Permalink to this headline">#</a></h2>
|
|||
|
|
<div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
|
|||
|
|
<ul>
|
|||
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="localization/practices.html">Best Practices for Localization</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
</section>
|
|||
|
|
</section>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
</article>
|
|||
|
|
<footer>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<div class="related-pages">
|
|||
|
|
<a class="next-page" href="localization/practices.html">
|
|||
|
|
<div class="page-info">
|
|||
|
|
<div class="context">
|
|||
|
|
<span>Next</span>
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
<div class="title">Best Practices for Localization</div>
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
<svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg>
|
|||
|
|
</a>
|
|||
|
|
<a class="prev-page" href="accessibility/custom-widgets.html">
|
|||
|
|
<svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg>
|
|||
|
|
<div class="page-info">
|
|||
|
|
<div class="context">
|
|||
|
|
<span>Previous</span>
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<div class="title">Making Custom Components Accessible</div>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
</a>
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
</footer>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
<aside class="toc-drawer">
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<div class="toc-sticky toc-scroll">
|
|||
|
|
<div class="toc-title-container">
|
|||
|
|
<span class="toc-title">
|
|||
|
|
Contents
|
|||
|
|
</span>
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
<div class="toc-tree-container">
|
|||
|
|
<div class="toc-tree">
|
|||
|
|
<ul>
|
|||
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Localization</a><ul>
|
|||
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#why-localize">Why localize?</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#useful-resources">Useful resources</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#contents">Contents</a></li>
|
|||
|
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
|
</li>
|
|||
|
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
</aside>
|
|||
|
|
</main>
|
|||
|
|
</div><script data-url_root="../" id="documentation_options" src="../_static/documentation_options.js"></script>
|
|||
|
|
<script src="../_static/jquery.js"></script>
|
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|
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<script src="../_static/underscore.js"></script>
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|
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<script src="../_static/doctools.js"></script>
|
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|
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<script src="../_static/scripts/furo.js"></script>
|
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|
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</body>
|
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|
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</html>
|