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<div class="content">
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<article role="main">
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<label class="toc-overlay-icon toc-content-icon no-toc" for="__toc">
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||
<i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-toc"></use></svg></i>
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||
</label>
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<section id="namespacing">
|
||
<h1>Namespacing<a class="headerlink" href="#namespacing" title="Permalink to this headline">#</a></h1>
|
||
<p>Consistent and complete namespacing of symbols (functions and types) and files
|
||
is important for two key reasons:</p>
|
||
<ol class="arabic simple">
|
||
<li><p>Establishing a convention which means developers have to learn fewer symbol
|
||
names to use the library — they can guess them reliably instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Ensuring symbols from two projects do not conflict if included in the same
|
||
file.</p></li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
<p>The second point is important — imagine what would happen if every project
|
||
exported a function called <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">create_object()</span></code>. The headers defining them could not
|
||
be included in the same file, and even if that were overcome, the programmer
|
||
would not know which project each function comes from. Namespacing eliminates
|
||
these problems by using a unique, consistent prefix for every symbol and
|
||
filename in a project, grouping symbols into their projects and separating them
|
||
from others.</p>
|
||
<p>The conventions below should be used for namespacing all symbols. They are used
|
||
in all GLib-based projects, so should be familiar to a lot of developers:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Functions should use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lower_case_with_underscores</span></code> (also known as <em>snake
|
||
case</em>).</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Structures, types and objects should use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CamelCaseWithoutUnderscores</span></code>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Macros and constants should use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">UPPER_CASE_WITH_UNDERSCORES</span></code>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>All symbols should be prefixed with a short (2–4 characters) version of the
|
||
namespace. This is shortened purely for ease of typing, but should still be
|
||
unique.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>All methods of a class should also be prefixed with the class name.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>Additionally, public headers should be included from a subdirectory, effectively
|
||
namespacing the header files. For example, instead of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">#include</span> <span class="pre"><abc.h></span></code>, a
|
||
project should allow its users to use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">#include</span> <span class="pre"><namespace/abc.h></span></code>.</p>
|
||
<p>Some projects namespace their headers within this subdirectory — for example,
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">#include</span> <span class="pre"><namespace/ns-abc.h></span></code> instead of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">#include</span> <span class="pre"><namespace/abc.h></span></code>.
|
||
This is redundant, but harmless.</p>
|
||
<p>For example, for a project called ‘Walbottle’, the short namespace ‘Wbl’ would
|
||
be chosen. If it has a ‘schema’ class and a ‘writer’ class, it would install
|
||
headers:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$(includedir)/walbottle-$API_MAJOR/walbottle/schema.h</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$(includedir)/walbottle-$API_MAJOR/walbottle/writer.h</span></code></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>(The use of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$API_MAJOR</span></code> above is for parallel installability.)</p>
|
||
<p>For the schema class, the following symbols would be exported (amongst others),
|
||
following GObject conventions:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">WblSchema</span></code> structure</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">WblSchemaClass</span></code> structure</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">WBL_TYPE_SCHEMA</span></code> macro</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">WBL_IS_SCHEMA</span></code> macro</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wbl_schema_get_type</span></code> function</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wbl_schema_new</span></code> function</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wbl_schema_load_from_data</span></code> function</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
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