2018-12-20 18:03:39 +01:00
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;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=;
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; GNU GPL OS/K ;
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; ;
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; Authors: spectral` ;
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; NeoX ;
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; ;
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; Desc: Kernel (second stage) Loader for OS/K ;
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; (x86_64 architecture only) ;
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;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=;
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2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
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%define TRAM 0x0B8000 ; [T]ext[RAM]
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%define VRAM 0x0A0000 ; [V]ideo[RAM]
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2018-12-20 18:03:39 +01:00
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2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
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[BITS 16]
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2018-12-20 18:03:39 +01:00
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[ORG 0x1000]
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2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
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mov ax, cs
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mov ds, ax
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mov es, ax
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mov [Bootdrv], dl
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jmp 0x0000:main
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2018-12-20 18:03:39 +01:00
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;; DATA
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2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
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Bootdrv db 0
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2018-12-20 18:03:39 +01:00
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VGA_HEIGHT dq 0
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VIDEO_MODE dw 0
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;; GDT WITH DOC
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2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
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GDT64:
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NULL_SELECTOR: ;; null selector within 64 bits
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dw GDT_LENGTH ; limit of GDT
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dw GDT64 ; linear address of GDT
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dd 0x0
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CODE_SELECTOR: ;; 32-bit code selector (ring 0)
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dw 0x0FFFF ; Segment Limit 15:00
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db 0x0, 0x0, 0x0 ; Base Address 23:00
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db 10011010b ; |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0|
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; | | | | | | | `----- 1 when segment used.
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; | | | | | | `------ 1 when writable.
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; | | | | | `------- 1 if "conformant". Don't know what is it... spectral ? xD
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; | | | | `-------- 1 always
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; | | | `--------- 1 for segment descriptor, 0 for system descriptor
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; | | `---------- DPL !!! 0 for ring 0
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; | `----------- DPL (2/2)
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; `------------ 1 if in physical memory, 0 if page fault
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db 11001111b ; |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0|
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; | | | | | | | `----- Limit 16
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; | | | | | | `------ Limit 17
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; | | | | | `------- Limit 18
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; | | | | `-------- Limit 19
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; | | | `--------- available for use
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; | | `---------- 0 always
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; | `----------- size of data. 1 for 32bits
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; `------------ 0 if limit is in Bytes, 1 if it's in pages (4ko)
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db 0x0 ; Base Address 31:24
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DATA_SELECTOR: ;; flat data selector (ring 0)
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dw 0x0FFFF ; Segment Limit 15:00
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db 0x0, 0x0, 0x0 ; Base Address 23:00
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db 10010010b ; |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0|
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; | | | | | | | `----- 1 when segment used.
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; | | | | | | `------ 1 when writable.
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; | | | | | `------- expansion direction. 1 for a LIFO
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; | | | | `-------- 1 always
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; | | | `--------- 1 for segment descriptor, 0 for system descriptor
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; | | `---------- DPL !!! 0 for ring 0
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; | `----------- DPL (2/2)
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; `------------ 1 if in physical memory, 0 if page fault
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db 10001111b ; |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0|
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; | | | | | | | `----- Limit 16
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; | | | | | | `------ Limit 17
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; | | | | | `------- Limit 18
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; | | | | `-------- Limit 19
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; | | | `--------- available for use
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; | | `---------- 0 always
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; | `----------- size of data. 1 for 32bits
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; `------------ 0 if limit is in Bytes, 1 if it's in pages (4ko)
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db 0x0 ; Base Address 31:24
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LONG_SELECTOR: ;; 64-bit code selector (ring 0)
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dw 0x0FFFF ; Segment Limit 15:00
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db 0x0, 0x0, 0x0 ; Base Address 23:00
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db 10011010b ; |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0|
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; | | | | | | | `----- 1 when segment used.
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; | | | | | | `------ 1 when writable.
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; | | | | | `------- 1 if "conformant". Don't know what is it... spectral ? xD
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; | | | | `-------- 1 always
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; | | | `--------- 1 for segment descriptor, 0 for system descriptor
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; | | `---------- DPL !!! 0 for ring 0
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; | `----------- DPL (2/2)
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; `------------ 1 if in physical memory, 0 if page fault
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db 10101111b ; |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0|
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; | | | | | | | `----- Limit 16
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; | | | | | | `------ Limit 17
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; | | | | | `------- Limit 18
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; | | | | `-------- Limit 19
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; | | | `--------- available for use
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; | | `---------- 0 always
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; | `----------- size of data. 1 for 32bits
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; `------------ 0 if limit is in Bytes, 1 if it's in pages (4ko)
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db 0x0 ; Base Address 31:24
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GDT_LENGTH:
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2018-12-20 18:03:39 +01:00
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disable_cursor:
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2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
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pushf
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push eax
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push edx
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mov dx, 0x3D4
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mov al, 0xA ; low cursor shape register
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out dx, al
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inc dx
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mov al, 0x20 ; bits 6-7 unused, bit 5 disables the cursor, bits 0-4 control the cursor shape
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out dx, al
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pop edx
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pop eax
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popf
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ret
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2018-12-20 18:03:39 +01:00
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get_dimensions:
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push eax
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push ebx
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mov ah, 0x0F
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int 0x10
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mov [VGA_HEIGHT], ah
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mov [VIDEO_MODE], al
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pop ebx
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pop eax
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ret
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2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
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2018-12-20 18:19:51 +01:00
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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; Checks if the CPU is compatible with 64-bits operating systems ;
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; If the 21th bit of the eax register is set, then CPUID is supported ;
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; We then test CPUID's result to see if long mode is supported ;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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Is64bits:
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pushfd ; recovering the flags in eax
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pop eax
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mov ecx, eax
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xor eax, 0x200000
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push eax
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popfd
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pushfd
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pop eax
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xor eax, ecx
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shr eax, 21
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and eax, 1 ; magical spell of murta
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push ecx
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popfd
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test eax, eax
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jz .NonCompat ; if (CPUID non supporté) goto NonCompat
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mov eax, 0x80000000
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cpuid
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cmp eax, 0x80000001
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jb .NonCompat ; if (eax <= 0x80000001) goto NonCompat
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mov eax, 0x80000001
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cpuid
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test edx, 1 << 29
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jz .NonCompat ; if (edx != 1 << 29) goto NonCompat
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ret ; back to mbr.s
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.NonCompat:
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stc
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ret
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2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
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PrintB:
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;---------------------------------------------------;
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; Print out a simple string. ;
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; ;
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; Expects: DS:SI = String to print ;
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; ;
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; Returns: None ;
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; ;
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;---------------------------------------------------;
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lodsb ; Load byte from ds:si to al
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or al, al ; If al is empty stop looping
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jz .done ; Done looping and return
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mov ah, 0x0e ; Teletype output
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int 0x10 ; Video interupt
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jmp PrintB ; Loop untill string is null
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.done:
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ret
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2018-12-20 18:03:39 +01:00
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2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
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main:
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;; compatibility check
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2018-12-20 18:19:51 +01:00
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mov si, Init
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call PrintB
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pop si
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call Is64bits
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jc ErrorNo64
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push si
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mov si, Pass
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call PrintB
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2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
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;; Enabling A20
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2018-12-20 18:19:51 +01:00
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mov si, EnA20
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call PrintB
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pop si
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in al, 0x92
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or al, 2
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out 0x92, al
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push si
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mov si, Pass
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call PrintB
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;; DISABLING CURSOR BLINKING AND GETTING INFOS
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2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
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call get_dimensions
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call disable_cursor
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;;GO GDT64
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cli ; disable interrupts
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2018-12-20 18:03:39 +01:00
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lgdt [GDT64]
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;; ACTIVATE PROTECTED MODE
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mov eax, cr0
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or al, 1b ; PE = 1
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mov cr0, eax
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;; DISABLE PAGING
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mov eax, cr0
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and eax, 0x7FFFFFFF ; PG = 0
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; |0|111111111111111111111111111111
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; |
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; `------ Paging bit
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mov cr0, eax
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2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
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2018-12-20 18:03:39 +01:00
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push dword [VIDEO_MODE]
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push dword [VGA_HEIGHT]
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jmp (CODE_SELECTOR-GDT64):main32
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[BITS 32]
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VIDEO_MODE32 dw 0
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VGA_HEIGHT32 dw 0
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main32:
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pop dword [VGA_HEIGHT32]
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pop dword [VIDEO_MODE32]
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;; INITIALIZE PROTECTED MODE SEGMENT REGISTERS
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mov ax, DATA_SELECTOR-GDT64
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mov ds, ax
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mov es, ax
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mov fs, ax
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mov gs, ax
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mov ss, ax
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;; ACTIVATE PHYSICAL ADRESS EXTENSION
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mov eax, cr4
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or eax, 100000b ; PAE = 1 = 4 Mo / page. 0 = 4 Ko
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mov cr4, eax
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;;cleanup
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mov edi, 0x70000
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mov ecx, 0x10000
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xor eax, eax
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rep stosd
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;;formatting
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mov dword [0x70000], 0x71000 + 7 ; first PDP table
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mov dword [0x71000], 0x72000 + 7 ; first page directory
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mov dword [0x72000], 0x73000 + 7 ; first page table
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mov edi, 0x73000 ; address of first page table
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mov eax, 7
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mov ecx, 256 ; number of pages to map (1 MB)
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.make_page_entries:
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stosd
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add edi, 4
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2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
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add eax, 0x1000
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2018-12-20 18:03:39 +01:00
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loop .make_page_entries
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;; pointing pml4
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mov eax, 0x70000 ; Bass address of PML4
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2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
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mov cr3, eax ; load page-map level-4 base
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2018-12-20 18:03:39 +01:00
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;; ACTIVATE LONG MODE
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mov ecx, 0xC0000080 ; address of MSR
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rdmsr ; read MSR
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or eax, 100000000b ; LME = 1. (Long Mode Enable)
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wrmsr ; write MSR
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;; ACTIVATE PAGING
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2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
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mov eax, cr0
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2018-12-20 18:03:39 +01:00
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or eax, 0x80000000 ; make bit 31 (PG = Paging) to 1 :
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; |1|000000000000000000000000000000
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; |
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; `------ Paging bit
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mov cr0, eax
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push dword 0
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push dword [VIDEO_MODE]
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push dword 0
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push dword [VGA_HEIGHT]
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jmp (LONG_SELECTOR-GDT64):main64
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[BITS 64]
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;; FUNCTIONS
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2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
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clear:
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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; x64/LM Clear Text Screen Function ;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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mov qword [NextTRAM], TRAM
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mov edi, TRAM
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push rsi
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push rdi
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push rcx
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mov ah, 0
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mov al, 0
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mov rcx, 0x4000 ; traditionnal value
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rep stosw ; fill screen with al while cx > 0
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pop rcx
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pop rsi
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pop rdi
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ret
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2018-12-20 18:03:39 +01:00
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write:
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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; x64/LM Text Printing Functions ;
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; bl : color code ;
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; esi : string address ;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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mov edi, [NextTRAM] ;TRAM ADDRESS
|
|
|
|
|
push rsi
|
|
|
|
|
push rdi
|
|
|
|
|
.pLoop:
|
|
|
|
|
lodsb
|
|
|
|
|
cmp al, 0 ; while @al, i.e. while we're not hitting '\0'
|
|
|
|
|
je .pEnd
|
|
|
|
|
cmp al, 0x0A ; LF
|
|
|
|
|
je .lf
|
|
|
|
|
cmp al, 0x0D ; CR
|
|
|
|
|
je .cr
|
|
|
|
|
stosb ; text subpixel
|
|
|
|
|
mov al, bl
|
|
|
|
|
stosb ; color subpixel
|
|
|
|
|
add qword [NextTRAM], 0x2 ; Cursor moving
|
|
|
|
|
add qword [VGA_X], 0x2 ; coord + 2 because 2 subpixels
|
|
|
|
|
jmp .pLoop
|
|
|
|
|
.pEnd:
|
|
|
|
|
pop rdi
|
2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
|
|
|
pop rsi
|
|
|
|
|
ret
|
2018-12-20 18:03:39 +01:00
|
|
|
.lf:
|
|
|
|
|
mov rax, [VGA_HEIGHT64]
|
|
|
|
|
add [NextTRAM], rax ; Cursor moving
|
|
|
|
|
add [NextTRAM], rax
|
|
|
|
|
add edi, eax ; Address moving
|
|
|
|
|
add edi, eax
|
|
|
|
|
jmp .pLoop
|
|
|
|
|
.cr:
|
|
|
|
|
push rax
|
|
|
|
|
mov rax, qword [VGA_X]
|
|
|
|
|
sub qword [NextTRAM], rax ; pos = X + Y * VGA_HEIGHT64. Donc pos - X = début de ligne
|
|
|
|
|
sub edi, edx
|
|
|
|
|
mov qword [VGA_X], 0
|
|
|
|
|
pop rax
|
|
|
|
|
jmp .pLoop
|
|
|
|
|
.scroll:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
jmp .pLoop
|
|
|
|
|
|
2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
|
|
|
;; DATA
|
2018-12-20 18:03:39 +01:00
|
|
|
txt db 0x09, " Switching to Long Mode... OK", 0x0A, 0x0D, 0
|
2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
|
|
|
Init db "Booting OS/K !", 0x0D, 0x0A, 0x0D, 0x0A, 0x09, " Checking CPUID...",0
|
|
|
|
|
Reinit db "Booting OS/K !", 0x0D, 0x0A, 0x0D, 0x0A, 0
|
|
|
|
|
CPUIDD db 0x09, " Checking CPUID...", 0
|
|
|
|
|
EnA20 db 0x09, " Enabling A20 line...", 0
|
|
|
|
|
NoLongMode db 0x0A, 0x0D, "ERROR : Your computer is not designed for x64 OS", 0
|
2018-12-20 18:19:51 +01:00
|
|
|
Pass db " OK", 0x0A, 0x0D, 0
|
2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
|
|
|
NextTRAM dq 0x0B8000 ; Last position of cursor
|
2018-12-20 18:03:39 +01:00
|
|
|
VIDEO_MODE64 dq 0
|
|
|
|
|
VGA_HEIGHT64 dq 0
|
|
|
|
|
VGA_X dq 0x0
|
|
|
|
|
msg db "The system is now in x64 mode. Is this not beautiful ?", 0x0A, 0x0D, 0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
main64:
|
|
|
|
|
pop qword [VGA_HEIGHT64]
|
|
|
|
|
pop qword [VIDEO_MODE64]
|
|
|
|
|
;; INITIALIZE STACK
|
|
|
|
|
mov rsp, 0x9F000
|
2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
call clear
|
2018-12-20 18:03:39 +01:00
|
|
|
|
2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
|
|
|
;; Printing
|
2018-12-20 18:03:39 +01:00
|
|
|
mov bl, 0x0B
|
2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
|
|
|
mov esi, Reinit
|
2018-12-20 18:03:39 +01:00
|
|
|
call write
|
|
|
|
|
|
2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
|
|
|
mov bl, 0x0F
|
|
|
|
|
mov esi, CPUIDD
|
2018-12-20 18:03:39 +01:00
|
|
|
call write
|
2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
mov bl, 0x0A
|
|
|
|
|
mov esi, Pass
|
|
|
|
|
call write
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
mov bl, 0x0F
|
|
|
|
|
mov esi, EnA20
|
|
|
|
|
call write
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
mov bl, 0x0A
|
|
|
|
|
mov esi, Pass
|
|
|
|
|
call write
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
mov bl, 0x0A
|
|
|
|
|
mov esi, txt
|
2018-12-20 18:03:39 +01:00
|
|
|
call write
|
|
|
|
|
|
2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
|
|
|
mov bl, 0x0D
|
2018-12-20 18:03:39 +01:00
|
|
|
mov esi, msg
|
|
|
|
|
call write
|
2018-12-21 23:57:41 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
jmp Die
|
2018-12-20 18:19:51 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[BITS 16]
|
|
|
|
|
ErrorNo64:
|
|
|
|
|
mov si, NoLongMode
|
|
|
|
|
call PrintB
|
|
|
|
|
Die:
|
|
|
|
|
cli
|
|
|
|
|
hlt ; die nooooow
|
2018-12-22 12:19:17 +01:00
|
|
|
retf
|
2018-12-20 18:03:39 +01:00
|
|
|
KERNEL:
|
