diff --git a/boot/folder.desc b/boot/folder.desc index fc76abf..3eb3f85 100644 --- a/boot/folder.desc +++ b/boot/folder.desc @@ -27,12 +27,13 @@ This folder contains the source for OS/K's bootloader. OS/K being intended to only run on x86-64 systems, we have not divided this folder into one sub-folder per architecture. -It is divided in two parts each of exactly 512 bytes: - - mbr.s (and its auxiliary file mbr.inc) - This is our Master Boot Record (MBR). It switches to long mode - (64 bits mode) then loads the second half of the bootloader. - The MBR must be placed precisely on the first sector of the hard drive. +The bootloader itself is external to the OS/K project. We are using GRUB 2 to load +our kernel loader in memory. - - loader.s - This is the Kernel Loader. It switches to long mode and makes stuff. +The kernel loader, that we call the loader, is the main subject of this folder. +This loader is intended to load the ELF64 kernel at the specified address and +prepare it for the hard work it have to do : + - Parsing the ELF64 + - Load the kernel + - Prepare a structure for it with memory map, cpu infos, and other devices infos. diff --git a/boot/mbr/mbr.asm b/boot/mbr/mbr.asm deleted file mode 100644 index 1a08f74..0000000 --- a/boot/mbr/mbr.asm +++ /dev/null @@ -1,191 +0,0 @@ -;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; -; GNU GPL OS/K ; -; ; -; Desc: Bootsector for OS/K ; -; (x86_64 architecture only) ; -; ; -; ; -; Copyright © 2018-2019 The OS/K Team ; -; ; -; This file is part of OS/K. ; -; ; -; OS/K is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify ; -; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by ; -; the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or ; -; any later version. ; -; ; -; OS/K is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, ; -; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of ; -; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the ; -; GNU General Public License for more details. ; -; ; -; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License ; -; along with OS/K. If not, see . ; -;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; - -;; BOOT "SEGMENT" -%define BOOT_SEG 0x07c0 ; (BOOT_SEG << 4) + BOOT_OFF = 0x007c00 -%define BOOT_OFF 0x0000 - -;; STACK "SEGMENT" -%define STACK_SEG 0x0600 ; (STACK_SEG << 4) + STACK_OFF = 0x007000 -%define STACK_OFF 0x1000 - -;; DISK BUFFER "SEGMENT" -%define BUFFER_SEG 0x2000 ; (BUFFER_SEG << 4) + BUFFER_OFF = 0x020000 -%define BUFFER_OFF 0x0000 - -;; SECOND STAGE LOADER "SEGMENT" -%define LOAD_SEG 0x0000 ; (LOAD_SEG << 4) + LOAD_OFF = 0x001000 -%define LOAD_OFF 0x1000 - -[BITS 16] ; Ensure 16-bit code (because fuck UEFI) - -Intro: - - jmp short _start ; Jump over the BIOS PARAMETER BLOCK - nop ; Required by BIOS to recognize the Disk loul -BPB: - ;---------------------------------------------------; - ; Disk description table ; - ;---------------------------------------------------; - %define OEMName bp+0x03 ; Disk label - %define bytesPerSector bp+0x0b ; Bytes per sector - %define sectorsPerCluster bp+0x0d ; Sectors per cluster - %define reservedSectors bp+0x0e ; Reserved sectors - %define fats bp+0x10 ; Number of fats - %define rootDirEntries bp+0x11 ; Number of entries in root dir - %define sectors bp+0x13 ; Logical sectors - %define mediaType bp+0x15 ; Media descriptor byte - %define fatSectors bp+0x16 ; Sectors per FAT - %define sectorsPerTrack bp+0x18 ; Sectors per track - %define heads bp+0x1a ; Number of sides/heads - %define hiddenSectors bp+0x1c ; Hidden sectors - %define hugeSectors bp+0x20 ; LBA sectors - %define biosBootdrvNum bp+0x24 ; Bootdrv number - %define reserved bp+0x25 ; This is not used - %define bootSignature bp+0x26 ; Bootdrv signature - %define volumeId bp+0x27 ; Volume ID - %define volumeLabel bp+0x2b ; Volume Label - %define fatTypeLabel bp+0x36 ; File system type - - times 0x3b db 0x00 ; ALLOCATE THE SECTORS FOR THE BPB - -;; ENTRY POINT -_start: - jmp BOOT_SEG:$+5 ; Fix the cs:ip registers with a vaudou magical trip - -bootstrap: - jmp go - -;; LOVELY DATA -FileNotFound db "First Stage ERROR : NO LOADER", 0 -DiskError db "First Stage ERROR : DISK", 0 -UserData dw 0 -Bootdrv db 0 -filename db "LOADER BIN" - - -;; GO ! -go: - mov ax, BOOT_SEG ; Set segments to the location of the bootloader - mov ds, ax - mov es, ax - - ;; INIT STACK - cli - mov ax, STACK_SEG ; Init the stack - mov ss, ax ; Continue init the stack - mov sp, STACK_OFF ; Ok man, the stack is in 4K :O - sti - mov bp, (0x7c0-STACK_SEG) << 4 ; Correct bp (the disk description table) - - ;; INITIALIZE BOOT DISK - or dl, dl ; Verifying dl points actually to the boot drive - jz load_root - mov byte [Bootdrv], dl ; Another soul (the disk) saved! - mov ah, 0x08 - int 0x13 ; int 0x13 : read drive parameters/geom - jc load_root - and cx, 0x003f ; Maximum sector number is the high bits 6-7 of cl - mov word [sectorsPerTrack], cx ; And whose low 8 bits are in ch - mov dl, dh ; Convert the maximum head number to a word with another vaudou magical trip - xor dh, dh - inc dx ; because head numbers start at zero - mov word [heads], dx ; Another soul (the heads number) saved! - - - ;; LOAD THE ROOT DIRECTORY FROM DISK -load_root: - xor cx, cx - mov ax, 32 ; Size of root dir = (rootDirEntries * 32) / bytesPerSector - mul word [rootDirEntries] ; multiply by the total size of the root directory - div word [bytesPerSector] ; divide by the number of bytes used per sector - xchg cx, ax - - mov al, byte [fats] ; Location of root dir = (fats * fatSectors) + reservedSectors - mul word [fatSectors] ; multiply by the sectors used - add ax, word [reservedSectors] ; increase ax by the reserved sectors - mov word [UserData], ax ; Start of user data = startOfRoot + numberOfRoot - add word [UserData], cx ; Add the size and location of the root directory - - mov di, BUFFER_SEG ; Set the extra segment to the disk buffer - mov es, di - mov di, BUFFER_OFF ; Set es:di and load the root directory into the disk buffer - call read_sectors ; Read the sectors - - ;; FIND THE SECOND STAGE LOADER - mov di, BUFFER_OFF ; Set es:di to the disk buffer - mov cx, word [rootDirEntries] ; Search through all of the root dir entries - xor ax, ax ; Clear ax for the file entry offset - -search_root: - xchg cx, dx ; Save cx because it's a loop counter - mov si, filename ; Load the filename - mov cx, 11 ; Compare first 11 bytes - rep cmpsb ; Compare si and di cx times - je load_fat ; We found the loader - add ax, 32 ; File entry offset - mov di, BUFFER_OFF ; Point back to the start of the entry - add di, ax ; Add the offset to point to the next entry - xchg dx, cx - loop search_root ; Continue to search for the file - - ;; ERROR... - mov si, FileNotFound ; Could not find the file - call print - call reboot - - ;; LOAD THE FAT FROM THE FILE -load_fat: - mov ax, word [es:di + 15] ; Get the file cluster at offset 26 - push ax ; Store the FAT cluster - xor ax, ax ; Size of fat = (fats * fatSectors) - mov al, byte [fats] ; Move number of fats into al - mul word [fatSectors] ; Move fat sectors into bx - mov cx, ax ; Store in cx - mov ax, word [reservedSectors] ; Convert the first fat on the disk - mov di, BUFFER_OFF ; Set es:di and load the fat sectors into the disk buffer - call read_sectors ; Read the sectors - - ;; LOAD THE CLUSTERS OF THE LOADER AND JUMP - mov di, LOAD_SEG - mov es, di ; Set es:bx to where the file will load - mov di, LOAD_OFF - pop ax ; File cluster restored - call read_clusters ; Read clusters from the file - mov dl, byte [Bootdrv] ; Pass the boot Bootdrv into dl - jmp LOAD_SEG:LOAD_OFF ; Jump to the file loaded! - - hlt ; This should never be hit... - ; ... - ; ... - ; I hope.... - ; ... - call reboot - -%include "boot/mbr/mbr.inc" - -;; END - times 510 - ($ - $$) db 0 ; Pad remainder of boot sector with zeros - dw 0xaa55 ; Boot signature diff --git a/boot/mbr/mbr.inc b/boot/mbr/mbr.inc deleted file mode 100644 index b006cce..0000000 --- a/boot/mbr/mbr.inc +++ /dev/null @@ -1,177 +0,0 @@ -;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; -; GNU GPL OS/K ; -; ; -; Desc: Bootsector for OS/K INCLUDED FUNCTIONS ; -; (x86_64 architecture only) ; -; ; -; ; -; Copyright © 2018-2019 The OS/K Team ; -; ; -; This file is part of OS/K. ; -; ; -; OS/K is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify ; -; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by ; -; the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or ; -; any later version. ; -; ; -; OS/K is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, ; -; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of ; -; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the ; -; GNU General Public License for more details. ; -; ; -; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License ; -; along with OS/K. If not, see . ; -;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; - -[BITS 16] - -read_clusters: -;---------------------------------------------------; -; Read file clusters, starting at the given cluster,; -; expects FAT to be loaded into the disk buffer. ; -; Please note that this may allocate up to 128KB ; -; of ram. ; -; ; -; Expects: AX = Starting cluster ; -; ES:DI = Location to load clusters ; -; ; -; Returns: None ; -; ; -;---------------------------------------------------; - pusha - push es - .cluster_loop: - xor bh, bh - xor dx, dx - push ax ; Get the cluster start = (cluster - 2) * sectorsPerCluster + UserData - sub ax, 2 ; Subtract 2 - mov bl, byte [sectorsPerCluster] ; Sectors per cluster is a byte value - mul bx ; multiply (cluster - 2) * sectorsPerCluster - add ax, word [UserData] ; add the UserData - xor ch, ch - mov cl, byte [sectorsPerCluster] ; Sectors to read - call read_sectors ; Read the sectors - pop ax ; Current cluster number - xor dx, dx - ;; Calculate next sector for FAT16 (cluster * 2) - mov bx, 2 ; Multiply the cluster by two (cluster is in ax) - mul bx - ;; Load sector in RAM - push ds - push si - mov si, BUFFER_SEG - mov ds, si ; Temporarly set ds:si to the FAT buffer - mov si, BUFFER_OFF - add si, ax ; Point to the next cluster in the FAT entry - mov ax, word [ds:si] ; Load ax to the next cluster in FAT - pop si - pop ds - ;; Next - cmp ax, 0xfff8 ; Check if we are at the end of the file? - jae .done - add di, 512 ; Add to the pointer offset - jnc .cluster_loop - ;; Correct the buffer because an error will occur if the buffer in memory - mov dx, es ; overlaps a 64k page boundry, when di overflows - add dh, 0x10 ; it will trigger the carry flag, so correct - mov es, dx ; extra segment by 0x1000 - jmp .cluster_loop ; Load the next file cluster - .done: - pop es - popa - ret - - -read_sectors: -;---------------------------------------------------; -; Read sectors starting at a given sector by ; -; the given times and load into a buffer. Please ; -; note that this may allocate up to 128KB of ram. ; -; ; -; Expects: AX = Starting sector ; -; CX = Number of sectors to read ; -; ES:DI = Location to load sectors ; -; ; -; Returns: None ; -; ; -;---------------------------------------------------; - pusha - push es - mov bx, di ; Convert es:di to es:bx for int 13h - .sector_loop: - push ax - push cx - xor dx, dx - div word [sectorsPerTrack] ; Divide the lba (value in ax) by sectorsPerTrack - mov cx, dx ; Save the absolute sector value - inc cx - xor dx, dx ; Divide by the number of heads - div word [heads] ; to get absolute head and track values - mov dh, dl ; Move the absolute head into dh - mov ch, al ; Low 8 bits of absolute track - shl ah, 1 ; High 2 bits of absolute track - shl ah, 1 - shl ah, 1 - shl ah, 1 - shl ah, 1 - shl ah, 1 - or cl, ah ; Now cx is set with respective track and sector numbers - mov dl, byte [Bootdrv] ; Set correct Bootdrv for int 13h - mov di, 21 ; Try five times to read the sector because I love 21 - .attempt_read: - mov ax, 0x0201 ; Read Sectors func of int 13h, read one sector - int 0x13 ; Call int 13h (BIOS disk I/O) - jnc .read_ok ; If no carry set, the sector has been read - xor ah, ah ; Reset Bootdrv func of int 13h - int 0x13 ; Call int 13h (BIOS disk I/O) - dec di ; Decrease read attempt counter - jnz .attempt_read ; Try to read the sector again - mov si, DiskError ; Error reading the disk :/ - call print - jmp reboot - .read_ok: - pop cx - pop ax - inc ax ; Increase the next sector to read - add bx, word [bytesPerSector] ; Add to the buffer address for the next sector - jnc .next_sector - ;; Fixing buffer because an error will occur if the buffer in memory - mov dx, es ; overlaps a 64k page boundry, when bx overflows - add dh, 0x10 ; it will trigger the carry flag, so correct - mov es, dx ; es segment by 0x1000 - .next_sector: - loop .sector_loop - pop es - popa - ret - -print: -;---------------------------------------------------; -; Print out a simple string. ; -; ; -; Expects: DS:SI = String to print ; -; ; -; Returns: None ; -; ; -;---------------------------------------------------; - lodsb ; Load byte from ds:si to al - or al, al ; If al is empty stop looping - jz .done ; Done looping and return - mov ah, 0x0e ; Teletype output - int 0x10 ; Video interupt - jmp print ; Loop untill string is null - .done: - ret - -reboot: - xor ax, ax - int 0x16 ; Get a single keypress - mov ah, 0x0e ; Teletype output - mov al, 0x0d ; Carriage return - int 0x10 ; Video interupt - mov al, 0x0a ; Line feed - int 0x10 ; Video interupt - mov al, 0x0a ; Line feed - int 0x10 ; Video interupt - xor ax, ax - int 0x19 ; Reboot the system