From c7aed282e8b096a9e0cf4133fbb30392ba9940c5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Adrien Bourmault Date: Wed, 16 Jan 2019 11:04:44 +0100 Subject: [PATCH] REAL reorganization stuff --- boot/loader/cpu/cpu.asm | 22 ++++ boot/loader/cpu/cpuid.asm | 50 ++++++++ boot/loader/elf/elf.c | 10 ++ boot/loader/fs/fat.asm | 18 +++ boot/loader/io/ata.asm | 138 ++++++++++++++++++++++ boot/loader/io/lmmem.asm | 28 +++++ boot/loader/io/lmterm.asm | 116 +++++++++++++++++++ boot/loader/io/rmmem.asm | 98 ++++++++++++++++ boot/loader/io/rmterm.asm | 55 +++++++++ boot/loader/loader.asm | 233 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ boot/mbr/mbr.asm | 175 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ boot/mbr/mbr.inc | 161 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++ build/bin/disk.img | Bin 18944000 -> 18944000 bytes 13 files changed, 1104 insertions(+) create mode 100644 boot/loader/cpu/cpu.asm create mode 100644 boot/loader/cpu/cpuid.asm create mode 100644 boot/loader/elf/elf.c create mode 100644 boot/loader/fs/fat.asm create mode 100644 boot/loader/io/ata.asm create mode 100644 boot/loader/io/lmmem.asm create mode 100644 boot/loader/io/lmterm.asm create mode 100644 boot/loader/io/rmmem.asm create mode 100644 boot/loader/io/rmterm.asm create mode 100644 boot/loader/loader.asm create mode 100644 boot/mbr/mbr.asm create mode 100644 boot/mbr/mbr.inc diff --git a/boot/loader/cpu/cpu.asm b/boot/loader/cpu/cpu.asm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..206097a --- /dev/null +++ b/boot/loader/cpu/cpu.asm @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; +; GNU GPL OS/K ; +; ; +; Authors: spectral` ; +; NeoX ; +; ; +; Desc: Basic longmode CPU functions ; +; (x86_64 architecture only) ; +;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; + +[BITS 64] + +temporize: + push rcx + mov rcx, 2000 +.looping: + nop + nop + nop + loop .looping + pop rcx + ret diff --git a/boot/loader/cpu/cpuid.asm b/boot/loader/cpu/cpuid.asm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ac82eff --- /dev/null +++ b/boot/loader/cpu/cpuid.asm @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; +; GNU GPL OS/K ; +; ; +; Authors: spectral` ; +; NeoX ; +; ; +; Desc: Basic realmode CPU Detection ; +; (x86_64 architecture only) ; +;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; + +[BITS 16] + +;; GLOBAL DATA +NoLongMode db 0x0A, 0x0D, "ERROR : Your computer is not designed for x64 OS", 0 + +;; TEXT + +Is64bits: +;-----------------------------------------------------------------------; +; Checks if the CPU is compatible with 64-bits operating systems ; +; If the 21th bit of the eax register is set, then CPUID is supported ; +; We then test CPUID's result to see if long mode is supported ; +;-----------------------------------------------------------------------; + pushfd ; recovering the flags in eax + pop eax + mov ecx, eax + xor eax, 0x200000 + push eax + popfd + pushfd + pop eax + xor eax, ecx + shr eax, 21 + and eax, 1 ; magical spell of murta + push ecx + popfd + test eax, eax + jz .NonCompat ; if (CPUID non supporté) goto NonCompat + mov eax, 0x80000000 + cpuid + cmp eax, 0x80000001 + jb .NonCompat ; if (eax <= 0x80000001) goto NonCompat + mov eax, 0x80000001 + cpuid + test edx, 1 << 29 + jz .NonCompat ; if (edx != 1 << 29) goto NonCompat + ret ; back to mbr.s +.NonCompat: + stc + ret diff --git a/boot/loader/elf/elf.c b/boot/loader/elf/elf.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c30d834 --- /dev/null +++ b/boot/loader/elf/elf.c @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//----------------------------------------------------------------------------// +// GNU GPL OS/K // +// // +// Authors: spectral` // +// NeoX // +// // +// Desc: ELF64 Parser and Loader // +//----------------------------------------------------------------------------// + +int stub; diff --git a/boot/loader/fs/fat.asm b/boot/loader/fs/fat.asm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d9bca9b --- /dev/null +++ b/boot/loader/fs/fat.asm @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; +; GNU GPL OS/K ; +; ; +; Authors: spectral` ; +; NeoX ; +; ; +; Desc: Basic File Allocation Table Long mode Driver ; +; (x86_64 architecture only) ; +;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; + +[BITS 64] + +;; GLOBAL DATA +UserData dw 0 + +;; TEXT + +nop diff --git a/boot/loader/io/ata.asm b/boot/loader/io/ata.asm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bc9c2ef --- /dev/null +++ b/boot/loader/io/ata.asm @@ -0,0 +1,138 @@ +;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; +; GNU GPL OS/K ; +; ; +; Authors: spectral` ; +; NeoX ; +; ; +; Desc: Basic Read Only ATA Long mode Driver ; +; (x86_64 architecture only) ; +;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; + +[BITS 64] + +;; BPB +%define OEMName bp+0x03 ; Disk label +%define bytesPerSector bp+0x0b ; Bytes per sector +%define sectorsPerCluster bp+0x0d ; Sectors per cluster +%define reservedSectors bp+0x0e ; Reserved sectors +%define fats bp+0x10 ; Number of fats +%define rootDirEntries bp+0x11 ; Number of entries in root dir +%define sectors bp+0x13 ; Logical sectors +%define mediaType bp+0x15 ; Media descriptor byte +%define fatSectors bp+0x16 ; Sectors per FAT +%define sectorsPerTrack bp+0x18 ; Sectors per track +%define heads bp+0x1a ; Number of sides/heads +%define hiddenSectors bp+0x1c ; Hidden sectors +%define hugeSectors bp+0x20 ; LBA sectors +%define biosBootdrvNum bp+0x24 ; Bootdrv number +%define reserved bp+0x25 ; This is not used +%define bootSignature bp+0x26 ; Bootdrv signature +%define volumeId bp+0x27 ; Volume ID +%define volumeLabel bp+0x2b ; Volume Label +%define fatTypeLabel bp+0x36 ; File system type + +;; GLOBAL DATA + +Bootdrv db 0 +end db "[End of Sector]", 0x0 +buffer: times 513 db "_" + +;; TEXT + +ata_read: +;-----------------------------------------------------------------------; +; x64/LM ATA Reading function ; +; ; +; ; +;-----------------------------------------------------------------------; + +; Technical infos about the ports (Intel Doc): +; +; Port Access Mode Misc +; +; 1f0 r/w Data register, the bytes of the disk itself +; 1f1 r Error register that can be handled +; 1f2 r/w Sector count, how many sectors to read +; 1f3 r/w Sector number, the actual sector wanted +; 1f4 r/w Cylinder low, cylinders is 0-1024 +; 1f5 r/w Cylinder high, this makes up the rest of the 1024 +; 1f6 r/w Drive/head +; bit 7 = 1 +; bit 6 = 0 +; bit 5 = 1 +; bit 4 = 0 drive 0 select +; = 1 drive 1 select +; bit 3-0 head select bits +; 1f7 r Status register +; bit 7 = 1 controller is executing a command +; bit 6 = 1 drive is ready +; bit 5 = 1 write fault +; bit 4 = 1 seek complete +; bit 3 = 1 sector buffer requires servicing +; bit 2 = 1 disk data read corrected +; bit 1 = 1 index - set to 1 each revolution +; bit 0 = 1 previous command ended in an error +; 1f7 w Command register +; commands: +; 50h format track +; 20h read sectors with retry +; 21h read sectors without retry +; 22h read long with retry +; 23h read long without retry +; 30h write sectors with retry +; 31h write sectors without retry +; 32h write long with retry +; 33h write long without retry +; + + push rax + push rbx + push rdx + push rcx + push rdi + mov dx, 0x1f6 ; Drive and head port + mov al, 0x0a0 ; Drive 0, head 0 + out dx,al + + mov dx, 0x1f2 ; Sector count port + mov al, 1 ; Read one sector + out dx, al + + mov dx, 0x1f3 ; Sector number port + mov al, 1 ; Read sector one + out dx, al + + mov dx, 0x1f4 ; Cylinder low port + mov al, 0 ; Cylinder 0 + out dx, al + + mov dx, 0x1f5 ; Cylinder high port + mov al, 0 ; The rest of the cylinder 0 + out dx, al + + mov dx, 0x1f7 ; Command port + mov al, 0x20 ; Read with retry. + out dx, al +still_going: + in al, dx + test al, 8 ; This means the sector buffer requires + ;servicing. + jz still_going ; Don't continue until the sector buffer + ;is ready. + + mov cx, 512/2 ; One sector /2 because it copies words + mov rdi, buffer + mov dx, 0x1f0 ; Data port - data comes in and out of here. + rep insw + pop rdi + pop rcx + pop rdx + pop rbx + pop rax + mov bl, 0x0F + mov esi, buffer + call dump + mov bl, 0x0A + mov esi, end + call write + ret diff --git a/boot/loader/io/lmmem.asm b/boot/loader/io/lmmem.asm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a82330e --- /dev/null +++ b/boot/loader/io/lmmem.asm @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; +; GNU GPL OS/K ; +; ; +; Authors: spectral` ; +; NeoX ; +; ; +; Desc: Basic Memory Long mode Functions ; +; (x86_64 architecture only) ; +;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; +[BITS 64] + +;; GLOBAL DATA +A20_OK db 0 + +;; TEXT + +check_a20: + cmp BYTE [A20_OK], 1 + je .A20Success + mov bl, 0x0C + mov esi, Fail + call write + jmp Die +.A20Success: + mov bl, 0x0A + mov esi, Pass + call write + ret diff --git a/boot/loader/io/lmterm.asm b/boot/loader/io/lmterm.asm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3fa0ccb --- /dev/null +++ b/boot/loader/io/lmterm.asm @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ +;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; +; GNU GPL OS/K ; +; ; +; Authors: spectral` ; +; NeoX ; +; ; +; Desc: Basic Colored VGA Terminal Long mode Driver ; +; (x86_64 architecture only) ; +;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; + +;;VIDEO +%define TRAM 0x0B8000 ; [T]ext[RAM] +%define VRAM 0x0A0000 ; [V]ideo[RAM] + +;; GLOBAL DATA + +VGA_HEIGHT dq 0 +VIDEO_MODE dw 0 +VIDEO_MODE32 dw 0 +VGA_HEIGHT32 dw 0 +NextTRAM dq 0x0B8000 ; Last position of cursor +VIDEO_MODE64 dq 0 +VGA_HEIGHT64 dq 0 +VGA_X dq 0 + +;; TEXT + +[BITS 64] + +clear: +;-----------------------------------------------------------------------; +; x64/LM Clear Text Screen Function ; +;-----------------------------------------------------------------------; + mov qword [NextTRAM], TRAM + mov edi, TRAM + push rsi + push rdi + push rcx + mov ah, 0 + mov al, 0 + mov rcx, 0x4000 ; traditionnal value + rep stosw ; fill screen with al while cx > 0 + pop rcx + pop rsi + pop rdi + ret + +write: +;-----------------------------------------------------------------------; +; x64/LM Text Printing Functions ; +; bl : color code ; +; esi : string address ; +;-----------------------------------------------------------------------; + mov edi, [NextTRAM] ; TRAM ADDRESS + push rsi + push rdi +.pLoop: + lodsb + cmp al, 0 ; while @al, i.e. while we're not hitting '\0' + je .pEnd + cmp al, 0x0A ; LF + je .lf + cmp al, 0x0D ; CR + je .cr + stosb ; text subpixel + mov al, bl + stosb ; color subpixel + add qword [NextTRAM], 0x2 ; Cursor moving + add qword [VGA_X], 0x2 ; coord + 2 because 2 subpixels + jmp .pLoop +.pEnd: + pop rdi + pop rsi + ret +.lf: + mov rax, [VGA_HEIGHT64] + add [NextTRAM], rax ; Cursor moving + add [NextTRAM], rax + add edi, eax ; Address moving + add edi, eax + jmp .pLoop +.cr: + push rax + mov rax, qword [VGA_X] + sub qword [NextTRAM], rax ; pos = X + Y * VGA_HEIGHT64. Donc pos - X = début de ligne + sub edi, edx + mov qword [VGA_X], 0 + pop rax + jmp .pLoop +.scroll: + ; XXX I don't think I'll implement this, but never know...; + jmp .pLoop + +dump: +;-----------------------------------------------------------------------; +; x64/LM Dump Printing Functions ; +; bl : color code ; +; esi : string address ; +;-----------------------------------------------------------------------; + mov edi, [NextTRAM] ; TRAM ADDRESS + push rsi + push rdi + push rcx + mov rcx, 512 +.pLoop: + lodsb + stosb ; text subpixel + mov al, bl + stosb ; color subpixel + add qword [NextTRAM], 0x2 ; Cursor moving + add qword [VGA_X], 0x2 ; coord + 2 because 2 subpixels + loop .pLoop + pop rcx + pop rdi + pop rsi + ret diff --git a/boot/loader/io/rmmem.asm b/boot/loader/io/rmmem.asm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2348083 --- /dev/null +++ b/boot/loader/io/rmmem.asm @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ +;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; +; GNU GPL OS/K ; +; ; +; Authors: spectral` ; +; NeoX ; +; ; +; Desc: Basic Memory Realmode Driver ; +; (x86_64 architecture only) ; +;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; + +[BITS 16] + +;; GDT WITH DOC +GDT64: + NULL_SELECTOR: ;; null selector within 64 bits + dw GDT_LENGTH ; limit of GDT + dw GDT64 ; linear address of GDT + dd 0x0 ; + + CODE_SELECTOR: ;; 32-bit code selector (ring 0) + dw 0x0000FFFF ; Segment Limit + db 0x0, 0x0, 0x0 ; Base Address + db 10011010b ; |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0| + ; | | | | | | | `----- 1 when segment used. + ; | | | | | | `------ 1 when writable. + ; | | | | | `------- 1 if "conformant". Don't know what is it... spectral ? xD + ; | | | | `-------- 1 always + ; | | | `--------- 1 for segment descriptor, 0 for system descriptor + ; | | `---------- DPL !!! 0 for ring 0 + ; | `----------- DPL (2/2) + ; `------------ 1 if in physical memory, 0 if page fault + db 11001111b ; |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0| + ; | | | | | | | `----- Limit 16 + ; | | | | | | `------ Limit 17 + ; | | | | | `------- Limit 18 + ; | | | | `-------- Limit 19 + ; | | | `--------- available for use + ; | | `---------- 0 always + ; | `----------- size of data. 1 for 32bits + ; `------------ 0 if limit is in Bytes, 1 if it's in pages (4ko) + db 0x0 ; Base Address + + DATA_SELECTOR: ;; flat data selector (ring 0) + dw 0x0000FFFF ; Segment Limit + db 0x0, 0x0, 0x0 ; Base Address + db 10010010b ; |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0| + ; | | | | | | | `----- 1 when segment used. + ; | | | | | | `------ 1 when writable. + ; | | | | | `------- expansion direction. 1 for a LIFO + ; | | | | `-------- 1 always + ; | | | `--------- 1 for segment descriptor, 0 for system descriptor + ; | | `---------- DPL !!! 0 for ring 0 + ; | `----------- DPL (2/2) + ; `------------ 1 if in physical memory, 0 if page fault + db 10001111b ; |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0| + ; | | | | | | | `----- Limit 16 + ; | | | | | | `------ Limit 17 + ; | | | | | `------- Limit 18 + ; | | | | `-------- Limit 19 + ; | | | `--------- available for use + ; | | `---------- 0 always + ; | `----------- size of data. 1 for 32bits + ; `------------ 0 if limit is in Bytes, 1 if it's in pages (4ko) + db 0x0 ; Base Address + + LONG_SELECTOR: ;; 64-bit code selector (ring 0) + dw 0x0000FFFF ; Segment Limit + db 0x0, 0x0, 0x0 ; Base Address + db 10011010b ; |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0| + ; | | | | | | | `----- 1 when segment used. + ; | | | | | | `------ 1 when writable. + ; | | | | | `------- 1 if "conformant". Don't know what is it... spectral ? xD + ; | | | | `-------- 1 always + ; | | | `--------- 1 for segment descriptor, 0 for system descriptor + ; | | `---------- DPL !!! 0 for ring 0 + ; | `----------- DPL (2/2) + ; `------------ 1 if in physical memory, 0 if page fault + db 10101111b ; |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0| + ; | | | | | | | `----- Limit 16 + ; | | | | | | `------ Limit 17 + ; | | | | | `------- Limit 18 + ; | | | | `-------- Limit 19 + ; | | | `--------- available for use + ; | | `---------- 0 always + ; | `----------- size of data. 1 for 32bits + ; `------------ 0 if limit is in Bytes, 1 if it's in pages (4ko) + db 0x0 ; Base Address + GDT_LENGTH: + +;; TEXT + +set_a20: + push ax + in al, 0x92 + or al, 2 + out 0x92, al + pop ax + ret diff --git a/boot/loader/io/rmterm.asm b/boot/loader/io/rmterm.asm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7bedfca --- /dev/null +++ b/boot/loader/io/rmterm.asm @@ -0,0 +1,55 @@ +;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; +; GNU GPL OS/K ; +; ; +; Authors: spectral` ; +; NeoX ; +; ; +; Desc: Basic realmode terminal functions ; +; (x86_64 architecture only) ; +;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; + +[BITS 16] + +disable_cursor: + pushf + push eax + push edx + mov dx, 0x3D4 + mov al, 0xA ; low cursor shape register + out dx, al + inc dx + mov al, 0x20 ; bits 6-7 unused, bit 5 disables the cursor, bits 0-4 control the cursor shape + out dx, al + pop edx + pop eax + popf + ret + +get_dimensions: + push eax + push ebx + mov ah, 0x0F + int 0x10 + mov [VGA_HEIGHT], ah + mov [VIDEO_MODE], al + pop ebx + pop eax + ret + +PrintB: +;---------------------------------------------------; +; Print out a simple string. ; +; ; +; Expects: DS:SI = String to print ; +; ; +; Returns: None ; +; ; +;---------------------------------------------------; + lodsb ; Load byte from ds:si to al + or al, al ; If al is empty stop looping + jz .done ; Done looping and return + mov ah, 0x0e ; Teletype output + int 0x10 ; Video interupt + jmp PrintB ; Loop untill string is null + .done: + ret diff --git a/boot/loader/loader.asm b/boot/loader/loader.asm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..897ba5a --- /dev/null +++ b/boot/loader/loader.asm @@ -0,0 +1,233 @@ +;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; +; GNU GPL OS/K ; +; ; +; Authors: spectral` ; +; NeoX ; +; ; +; Desc: Kernel (second stage) Loader for OS/K ; +; (x86_64 architecture only) ; +;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; + +[BITS 16] +[ORG 0x1000] + +mov ax, cs ; correcting cs after the horrible far jump +mov ds, ax ; hm... And ds too +mov es, ax ; And es because it is jealous + +mov [Bootdrv], dl +xor dl, dl +jmp 0x0000:main + +%include "boot/loader/cpu/cpuid.asm" +%include "boot/loader/io/rmterm.asm" +%include "boot/loader/io/rmmem.asm" + +main: + + ;; compatibility check + push si + mov si, Init + call PrintB + pop si + + call Is64bits + + jc ErrorNo64 + push si + mov si, Pass + call PrintB + pop si + + ;; Enabling A20 + push si + mov si, EnA20 + call PrintB + pop si + + call set_a20 + + push si + mov si, Pass + call PrintB + pop si + + ;; DISABLING CURSOR BLINKING AND GETTING INFOS + call get_dimensions + call disable_cursor + + ;;GO GDT64 + cli ; disable interrupts + lgdt [GDT64] + ;; ACTIVATE PROTECTED MODE + mov eax, cr0 + or al, 1b ; PE = 1 + mov cr0, eax + ;; DISABLE PAGING + mov eax, cr0 + and eax, 0x7FFFFFFF ; PG = 0 + ; |0|111111111111111111111111111111 + ; | + ; `------ Paging bit + mov cr0, eax + + push dword [VIDEO_MODE] + push dword [VGA_HEIGHT] + jmp (CODE_SELECTOR-GDT64):main32 + +;; THE HOLE ----------------------------------------------------------------- ;; +ErrorNo64: + mov si, NoLongMode + call PrintB +Die: + cli + hlt ; die nooooow + jmp 0xF000:0xFFF0 +;; END OF THE HOLE ---------------------------------------------------------- ;; + +[BITS 32] +main32: + pop dword [VGA_HEIGHT32] + pop dword [VIDEO_MODE32] + + ;; VERIFY A20 + pushad + mov edi,0x112345 ;odd megabyte address. + mov esi,0x012345 ;even megabyte address. + mov [esi],esi ;making sure that both addresses contain diffrent values. + mov [edi],edi ;(if A20 line is cleared the two pointers would point to the address 0x012345 that would contain 0x112345 (edi)) + cmpsd ;compare addresses to see if the're equivalent. + popad + jne .A20_on ;if not equivalent , A20 line is set. + mov WORD [A20_OK], 0 + jmp .A20_end +.A20_on: + mov BYTE [A20_OK], 1 +.A20_end: + + ;; INITIALIZE PROTECTED MODE SEGMENT REGISTERS + mov ax, DATA_SELECTOR-GDT64 + mov ds, ax + mov es, ax + mov fs, ax + mov gs, ax + mov ss, ax + + ;; ACTIVATE PHYSICAL ADRESS EXTENSION + mov eax, cr4 + or eax, 100000b ; PAE = 1 = 4 Mo / page. 0 = 4 Ko + mov cr4, eax + + ;;cleanup + mov edi, 0x70000 + mov ecx, 0x10000 + xor eax, eax + rep stosd + ;;formatting + mov dword [0x70000], 0x71000 + 7 ; first PDP table + mov dword [0x71000], 0x72000 + 7 ; first page directory + mov dword [0x72000], 0x73000 + 7 ; first page table + mov edi, 0x73000 ; address of first page table + mov eax, 7 + mov ecx, 256 ; number of pages to map (1 MB) +.make_page_entries: + stosd + add edi, 4 + add eax, 0x1000 + loop .make_page_entries + ;; pointing pml4 + mov eax, 0x70000 ; Bass address of PML4 + mov cr3, eax ; load page-map level-4 base + + ;; ACTIVATE LONG MODE + mov ecx, 0xC0000080 ; address of MSR + rdmsr ; read MSR + or eax, 100000000b ; LME = 1. (Long Mode Enable) + wrmsr ; write MSR + + ;; ACTIVATE PAGING + mov eax, cr0 + or eax, 0x80000000 ; make bit 31 (PG = Paging) to 1 : + ; |1|000000000000000000000000000000 + ; | + ; `------ Paging bit + mov cr0, eax + push dword 0 + push dword [VIDEO_MODE] + push dword 0 + push dword [VGA_HEIGHT] + jmp (LONG_SELECTOR-GDT64):main64 + +[BITS 64] + +;; DATA +Init db "Booting OS/K !", 0x0D, 0x0A, 0x0D, 0x0A, 0x09, " Checking CPUID...",0 +CPUIDD db 0x09, " Checking CPUID...", 0 +EnA20 db 0x09, " Enabling A20 line...", 0 +ReadAttempt db 0x09, " Attempt to read a sector with ATA commands...", 0x0A, 0x0D, 0x0A, 0x0D,0 +txt db 0x09, " Switching to Long Mode... ", 0 +Reinit db "Booting OS/K !", 0x0D, 0x0A, 0x0D, 0x0A, 0 +Pass db " OK", 0x0A, 0x0D, 0 +Fail db " FAIL!", 0x0A, 0x0D, 0 +msg db "The system is now in x64 mode. Is this not beautiful ?", 0x0A, 0x0D, 0 +FileNotFound db "Second Stage Error : The Kernel was not found.", 0x0A, 0x0D, 0 +DiskError db "Second Stage Error : The Disk has crashed.", 0x0A, 0x0D, 0 +filename db "KERNEL BIN" + +%include "boot/loader/io/lmmem.asm" +%include "boot/loader/io/lmterm.asm" +%include "boot/loader/io/ata.asm" +%include "boot/loader/cpu/cpu.asm" +%include "boot/loader/fs/fat.asm" + +main64: + pop qword [VGA_HEIGHT64] + pop qword [VIDEO_MODE64] + ;; INITIALIZE STACK + mov rsp, 0x9F000 + + call clear + + ;; Printing + mov bl, 0x0B + mov esi, Reinit + call write + + mov bl, 0x0F + mov esi, CPUIDD + call write + + mov bl, 0x0A + mov esi, Pass + call write + + mov bl, 0x0F + mov esi, EnA20 + call write + + call check_a20 + + mov bl, 0x0F + mov esi, txt + call write + + mov bl, 0x0A + mov esi, Pass + call write + + mov bl, 0x0D + mov esi, msg + call write + + mov bl, 0x0F + mov esi, ReadAttempt + call write + + call temporize ; Temporized because the ATA drive must be ready + call ata_read + + jmp Die + + ; times 1024 nop + ; XXX ; + ; It seems impossible to have an executable > 2.0 kB... diff --git a/boot/mbr/mbr.asm b/boot/mbr/mbr.asm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..42f0dbd --- /dev/null +++ b/boot/mbr/mbr.asm @@ -0,0 +1,175 @@ +;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; +; GNU GPL OS/K ; +; ; +; Authors: spectral` ; +; NeoX ; +; ; +; Desc: Bootsector for OS/K ; +; (x86_64 architecture only) ; +;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; + +;; BOOT "SEGMENT" +%define BOOT_SEG 0x07c0 ; (BOOT_SEG << 4) + BOOT_OFF = 0x007c00 +%define BOOT_OFF 0x0000 + +;; STACK "SEGMENT" +%define STACK_SEG 0x0600 ; (STACK_SEG << 4) + STACK_OFF = 0x007000 +%define STACK_OFF 0x1000 + +;; DISK BUFFER "SEGMENT" +%define BUFFER_SEG 0x2000 ; (BUFFER_SEG << 4) + BUFFER_OFF = 0x020000 +%define BUFFER_OFF 0x0000 + +;; SECOND STAGE LOADER "SEGMENT" +%define LOAD_SEG 0x0000 ; (LOAD_SEG << 4) + LOAD_OFF = 0x001000 +%define LOAD_OFF 0x1000 + +[BITS 16] ; Ensure 16-bit code (because fuck UEFI) + +Intro: + + jmp short _start ; Jump over the BIOS PARAMETER BLOCK + nop ; Required by BIOS to recognize the Disk loul +BPB: + ;---------------------------------------------------; + ; Disk description table ; + ;---------------------------------------------------; + %define OEMName bp+0x03 ; Disk label + %define bytesPerSector bp+0x0b ; Bytes per sector + %define sectorsPerCluster bp+0x0d ; Sectors per cluster + %define reservedSectors bp+0x0e ; Reserved sectors + %define fats bp+0x10 ; Number of fats + %define rootDirEntries bp+0x11 ; Number of entries in root dir + %define sectors bp+0x13 ; Logical sectors + %define mediaType bp+0x15 ; Media descriptor byte + %define fatSectors bp+0x16 ; Sectors per FAT + %define sectorsPerTrack bp+0x18 ; Sectors per track + %define heads bp+0x1a ; Number of sides/heads + %define hiddenSectors bp+0x1c ; Hidden sectors + %define hugeSectors bp+0x20 ; LBA sectors + %define biosBootdrvNum bp+0x24 ; Bootdrv number + %define reserved bp+0x25 ; This is not used + %define bootSignature bp+0x26 ; Bootdrv signature + %define volumeId bp+0x27 ; Volume ID + %define volumeLabel bp+0x2b ; Volume Label + %define fatTypeLabel bp+0x36 ; File system type + + times 0x3b db 0x00 ; ALLOCATE THE SECTORS FOR THE BPB + +;; ENTRY POINT +_start: + jmp BOOT_SEG:$+5 ; Fix the cs:ip registers with a vaudou magical trip + +bootstrap: + jmp go + +;; LOVELY DATA +FileNotFound db "First Stage ERROR : NO LOADER", 0 +DiskError db "First Stage ERROR : DISK", 0 +UserData dw 0 +Bootdrv db 0 +filename db "LOADER BIN" + + +;; GO ! +go: + mov ax, BOOT_SEG ; Set segments to the location of the bootloader + mov ds, ax + mov es, ax + + ;; INIT STACK + cli + mov ax, STACK_SEG ; Init the stack + mov ss, ax ; Continue init the stack + mov sp, STACK_OFF ; Ok man, the stack is in 4K :O + sti + mov bp, (0x7c0-STACK_SEG) << 4 ; Correct bp (the disk description table) + + ;; INITIALIZE BOOT DISK + or dl, dl ; Verifying dl points actually to the boot drive + jz load_root + mov byte [Bootdrv], dl ; Another soul (the disk) saved! + mov ah, 0x08 + int 0x13 ; int 0x13 : read drive parameters/geom + jc load_root + and cx, 0x003f ; Maximum sector number is the high bits 6-7 of cl + mov word [sectorsPerTrack], cx ; And whose low 8 bits are in ch + mov dl, dh ; Convert the maximum head number to a word with another vaudou magical trip + xor dh, dh + inc dx ; because head numbers start at zero + mov word [heads], dx ; Another soul (the heads number) saved! + + + ;; LOAD THE ROOT DIRECTORY FROM DISK +load_root: + xor cx, cx + mov ax, 32 ; Size of root dir = (rootDirEntries * 32) / bytesPerSector + mul word [rootDirEntries] ; multiply by the total size of the root directory + div word [bytesPerSector] ; divide by the number of bytes used per sector + xchg cx, ax + + mov al, byte [fats] ; Location of root dir = (fats * fatSectors) + reservedSectors + mul word [fatSectors] ; multiply by the sectors used + add ax, word [reservedSectors] ; increase ax by the reserved sectors + mov word [UserData], ax ; Start of user data = startOfRoot + numberOfRoot + add word [UserData], cx ; Add the size and location of the root directory + + mov di, BUFFER_SEG ; Set the extra segment to the disk buffer + mov es, di + mov di, BUFFER_OFF ; Set es:di and load the root directory into the disk buffer + call read_sectors ; Read the sectors + + ;; FIND THE SECOND STAGE LOADER + mov di, BUFFER_OFF ; Set es:di to the disk buffer + mov cx, word [rootDirEntries] ; Search through all of the root dir entries + xor ax, ax ; Clear ax for the file entry offset +search_root: + xchg cx, dx ; Save cx because it's a loop counter + mov si, filename ; Load the filename + mov cx, 11 ; Compare first 11 bytes + rep cmpsb ; Compare si and di cx times + je load_fat ; We found the loader + add ax, 32 ; File entry offset + mov di, BUFFER_OFF ; Point back to the start of the entry + add di, ax ; Add the offset to point to the next entry + xchg dx, cx + loop search_root ; Continue to search for the file + + ;; ERROR... + mov si, FileNotFound ; Could not find the file + call print + call reboot + + ;; LOAD THE FAT FROM THE FILE +load_fat: + mov ax, word [es:di + 15] ; Get the file cluster at offset 26 + push ax ; Store the FAT cluster + xor ax, ax ; Size of fat = (fats * fatSectors) + mov al, byte [fats] ; Move number of fats into al + mul word [fatSectors] ; Move fat sectors into bx + mov cx, ax ; Store in cx + mov ax, word [reservedSectors] ; Convert the first fat on the disk + mov di, BUFFER_OFF ; Set es:di and load the fat sectors into the disk buffer + call read_sectors ; Read the sectors + + ;; LOAD THE CLUSTERS OF THE LOADER AND JUMP + mov di, LOAD_SEG + mov es, di ; Set es:bx to where the file will load + mov di, LOAD_OFF + pop ax ; File cluster restored + call read_clusters ; Read clusters from the file + mov dl, byte [Bootdrv] ; Pass the boot Bootdrv into dl + jmp LOAD_SEG:LOAD_OFF ; Jump to the file loaded! + + hlt ; This should never be hit... + ; ... + ; ... + ; I hope.... + ; ... + call reboot + +%include "boot/mbr/mbr.inc" + +;; END + times 510 - ($ - $$) db 0 ; Pad remainder of boot sector with zeros + dw 0xaa55 ; Boot signature diff --git a/boot/mbr/mbr.inc b/boot/mbr/mbr.inc new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dc11db1 --- /dev/null +++ b/boot/mbr/mbr.inc @@ -0,0 +1,161 @@ +;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; +; GNU GPL OS/K ; +; ; +; Authors: spectral` ; +; NeoX ; +; ; +; Desc: Bootsector for OS/K INCLUDED FUNCTIONS ; +; (x86_64 architecture only) ; +;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=; +[BITS 16] + +read_clusters: +;---------------------------------------------------; +; Read file clusters, starting at the given cluster,; +; expects FAT to be loaded into the disk buffer. ; +; Please note that this may allocate up to 128KB ; +; of ram. ; +; ; +; Expects: AX = Starting cluster ; +; ES:DI = Location to load clusters ; +; ; +; Returns: None ; +; ; +;---------------------------------------------------; + pusha + push es + .cluster_loop: + xor bh, bh + xor dx, dx + push ax ; Get the cluster start = (cluster - 2) * sectorsPerCluster + UserData + sub ax, 2 ; Subtract 2 + mov bl, byte [sectorsPerCluster] ; Sectors per cluster is a byte value + mul bx ; multiply (cluster - 2) * sectorsPerCluster + add ax, word [UserData] ; add the UserData + xor ch, ch + mov cl, byte [sectorsPerCluster] ; Sectors to read + call read_sectors ; Read the sectors + pop ax ; Current cluster number + xor dx, dx + ;; Calculate next sector for FAT16 (cluster * 2) + mov bx, 2 ; Multiply the cluster by two (cluster is in ax) + mul bx + ;; Load sector in RAM + push ds + push si + mov si, BUFFER_SEG + mov ds, si ; Temporarly set ds:si to the FAT buffer + mov si, BUFFER_OFF + add si, ax ; Point to the next cluster in the FAT entry + mov ax, word [ds:si] ; Load ax to the next cluster in FAT + pop si + pop ds + ;; Next + cmp ax, 0xfff8 ; Check if we are at the end of the file? + jae .done + add di, 512 ; Add to the pointer offset + jnc .cluster_loop + ;; Correct the buffer because an error will occur if the buffer in memory + mov dx, es ; overlaps a 64k page boundry, when di overflows + add dh, 0x10 ; it will trigger the carry flag, so correct + mov es, dx ; extra segment by 0x1000 + jmp .cluster_loop ; Load the next file cluster + .done: + pop es + popa + ret + + +read_sectors: +;---------------------------------------------------; +; Read sectors starting at a given sector by ; +; the given times and load into a buffer. Please ; +; note that this may allocate up to 128KB of ram. ; +; ; +; Expects: AX = Starting sector ; +; CX = Number of sectors to read ; +; ES:DI = Location to load sectors ; +; ; +; Returns: None ; +; ; +;---------------------------------------------------; + pusha + push es + mov bx, di ; Convert es:di to es:bx for int 13h + .sector_loop: + push ax + push cx + xor dx, dx + div word [sectorsPerTrack] ; Divide the lba (value in ax) by sectorsPerTrack + mov cx, dx ; Save the absolute sector value + inc cx + xor dx, dx ; Divide by the number of heads + div word [heads] ; to get absolute head and track values + mov dh, dl ; Move the absolute head into dh + mov ch, al ; Low 8 bits of absolute track + shl ah, 1 ; High 2 bits of absolute track + shl ah, 1 + shl ah, 1 + shl ah, 1 + shl ah, 1 + shl ah, 1 + or cl, ah ; Now cx is set with respective track and sector numbers + mov dl, byte [Bootdrv] ; Set correct Bootdrv for int 13h + mov di, 21 ; Try five times to read the sector because i love 21 + .attempt_read: + mov ax, 0x0201 ; Read Sectors func of int 13h, read one sector + int 0x13 ; Call int 13h (BIOS disk I/O) + jnc .read_ok ; If no carry set, the sector has been read + xor ah, ah ; Reset Bootdrv func of int 13h + int 0x13 ; Call int 13h (BIOS disk I/O) + dec di ; Decrease read attempt counter + jnz .attempt_read ; Try to read the sector again + mov si, DiskError ; Error reading the disk :/ + call print + jmp reboot + .read_ok: + pop cx + pop ax + inc ax ; Increase the next sector to read + add bx, word [bytesPerSector] ; Add to the buffer address for the next sector + jnc .next_sector + ;; Fixing buffer because an error will occur if the buffer in memory + mov dx, es ; overlaps a 64k page boundry, when bx overflows + add dh, 0x10 ; it will trigger the carry flag, so correct + mov es, dx ; es segment by 0x1000 + .next_sector: + loop .sector_loop + pop es + popa + ret + +print: +;---------------------------------------------------; +; Print out a simple string. ; +; ; +; Expects: DS:SI = String to print ; +; ; +; Returns: None ; +; ; +;---------------------------------------------------; + lodsb ; Load byte from ds:si to al + or al, al ; If al is empty stop looping + jz .done ; Done looping and return + mov ah, 0x0e ; Teletype output + int 0x10 ; Video interupt + jmp print ; Loop untill string is null + .done: + ret + +reboot: + xor ax, ax + int 0x16 ; Get a single keypress + mov ah, 0x0e ; Teletype output + mov al, 0x0d ; Carriage return + int 0x10 ; Video interupt + mov al, 0x0a ; Line feed + int 0x10 ; Video interupt + mov al, 0x0a ; Line feed + int 0x10 ; Video interupt + xor ax, ax + int 0x19 ; Reboot the system diff --git a/build/bin/disk.img b/build/bin/disk.img index 51ab1ef32c3eaaecf956123a736393ba26570add..d3916c3b23024e906cc1b5687cb89ac0fc947099 100644 GIT binary patch delta 1202 zcmWmE_n!}R0LSsi_s*T$%k5ccC=HD}N=k)xDh;$yu9V$W>T*{{hiiy-XVsUAYtf)1 zp({jXr6^l_(4zAE{P2AJ2k&=PLrr28jpfluMs-EBwjvrKhFDq`JsnL*sbtqf)eLm9?!Mlh1wxScz=le@T^QQX75 zjOIS>r-}y{Lp3!#$V1dJmT^2x9pjn6MCy5jM|q6LnZy%JW(rU86i@RE&+;74^8yV_ zWg63&!AxG{C8Eq?HZSuEuQG?ZH1Zm+^9FD77W0_T+q}cOyvG6-@;*&0Vlf}Egb!KD zGM4iZ&3w!!tY9Up_>|SG;WIwx3)ZrZ^=x1xU$Tj>_?pdZ;TyhXE8E!44tBDO-R$8z zzUK#i$v0l#tYrw2<_WjF8NbtdLeA*&#V0xgmKW`5^@%g&{>D#UUjjr6FaJCif6&t~>}1 C7adOk delta 1202 zcmWmE_n#MX0LSsi_g1&}o~Woq5qB9;R!CGTWtGH{goMbry5n%TA~WimzU|B2S1CFx ztBI_(omFPf&kxVnfAD_SG}R^5&|Ddf#L#>Vu&SULRXI9NV;(pM^i}^ z-8qJ1IgaD$!3ms5PkM0@Cvys?avHrkoijL-KAc5g&gLBY(VqdF%RmM(nDZFIP|oK9 zF61IEW*Eb{gb`fING{`Ys=0zI8O2qM=4!@p4cBrVW4WGj+`x_8#CUGz7A9~jw{bgn zP{TwfQA-_nau@a7%{|;p1NU)1575YDrtlySF_njTghzRd$9aNjJjqi`X9i8oWEQiT z!(8U^G*RZWfQ2k#F-urVGs}2}XL*k2d4U&siI;hWS9y)sd4m>~vx1ep$tqU!7H_kL zR^H)V-s62fU@af=5g+pjpR$hiY+xgs*vw~q&KGRqOTOZ3zTsQ8vW@NRU?;oS&3Amy z5B$ha{LC-x;a7g+cmCi{_Og$^_?v(Dm;d;`!S)*oi3y1fi3^DjNeF2Zk{FT{k{pr} yk{Xg0k{*%~k{OZ}k{yy0k{gm2k{?nKQW#PcQXEneQW{bgQXWzfX>kvc*6RHruN_kW