diff --git a/app/Config/App.php b/app/Config/App.php
index ce11303..e736054 100644
--- a/app/Config/App.php
+++ b/app/Config/App.php
@@ -11,51 +11,77 @@ class App extends BaseConfig
      * Base Site URL
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
      *
-     * URL to your CodeIgniter root. Typically this will be your base URL,
+     * URL to your CodeIgniter root. Typically, this will be your base URL,
      * WITH a trailing slash:
      *
-     *    http://example.com/
-     *
-     * If this is not set then CodeIgniter will try guess the protocol, domain
-     * and path to your installation. However, you should always configure this
-     * explicitly and never rely on auto-guessing, especially in production
-     * environments.
-     *
-     * @var string
+     * E.g., http://example.com/
      */
-    public $baseURL = 'http://localhost/';
+    public string $baseURL = 'http://sdmasterserver.soon.it/';
+
+    /**
+     * Allowed Hostnames in the Site URL other than the hostname in the baseURL.
+     * If you want to accept multiple Hostnames, set this.
+     *
+     * E.g.,
+     * When your site URL ($baseURL) is 'http://example.com/', and your site
+     * also accepts 'http://media.example.com/' and 'http://accounts.example.com/':
+     *     ['media.example.com', 'accounts.example.com']
+     *
+     * @var list<string>
+     */
+    public array $allowedHostnames = [];
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
      * Index File
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
      *
-     * Typically this will be your index.php file, unless you've renamed it to
-     * something else. If you are using mod_rewrite to remove the page set this
-     * variable so that it is blank.
-     *
-     * @var string
+     * Typically, this will be your `index.php` file, unless you've renamed it to
+     * something else. If you have configured your web server to remove this file
+     * from your site URIs, set this variable to an empty string.
      */
-    public $indexPage = '';
+    public string $indexPage = '';
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
      * URI PROTOCOL
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
      *
-     * This item determines which getServer global should be used to retrieve the
-     * URI string.  The default setting of 'REQUEST_URI' works for most servers.
+     * This item determines which server global should be used to retrieve the
+     * URI string. The default setting of 'REQUEST_URI' works for most servers.
      * If your links do not seem to work, try one of the other delicious flavors:
      *
-     * 'REQUEST_URI'    Uses $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']
-     * 'QUERY_STRING'   Uses $_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']
-     * 'PATH_INFO'      Uses $_SERVER['PATH_INFO']
+     *  'REQUEST_URI': Uses $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']
+     * 'QUERY_STRING': Uses $_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']
+     *    'PATH_INFO': Uses $_SERVER['PATH_INFO']
      *
      * WARNING: If you set this to 'PATH_INFO', URIs will always be URL-decoded!
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $uriProtocol = 'REQUEST_URI';
+    public string $uriProtocol = 'REQUEST_URI';
+
+    /*
+    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    | Allowed URL Characters
+    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    |
+    | This lets you specify which characters are permitted within your URLs.
+    | When someone tries to submit a URL with disallowed characters they will
+    | get a warning message.
+    |
+    | As a security measure you are STRONGLY encouraged to restrict URLs to
+    | as few characters as possible.
+    |
+    | By default, only these are allowed: `a-z 0-9~%.:_-`
+    |
+    | Set an empty string to allow all characters -- but only if you are insane.
+    |
+    | The configured value is actually a regular expression character group
+    | and it will be used as: '/\A[<permittedURIChars>]+\z/iu'
+    |
+    | DO NOT CHANGE THIS UNLESS YOU FULLY UNDERSTAND THE REPERCUSSIONS!!
+    |
+    */
+    public string $permittedURIChars = 'a-z 0-9~%.:_\-';
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -66,10 +92,8 @@ class App extends BaseConfig
      * is viewing the site from. It affects the language strings and other
      * strings (like currency markers, numbers, etc), that your program
      * should run under for this request.
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $defaultLocale = 'en';
+    public string $defaultLocale = 'en';
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -80,10 +104,8 @@ class App extends BaseConfig
      * language to use based on the value of the Accept-Language header.
      *
      * If false, no automatic detection will be performed.
-     *
-     * @var bool
      */
-    public $negotiateLocale = false;
+    public bool $negotiateLocale = false;
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -94,9 +116,11 @@ class App extends BaseConfig
      * by the application in descending order of priority. If no match is
      * found, the first locale will be used.
      *
-     * @var string[]
+     * IncomingRequest::setLocale() also uses this list.
+     *
+     * @var list<string>
      */
-    public $supportedLocales = ['en'];
+    public array $supportedLocales = ['en'];
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -106,9 +130,10 @@ class App extends BaseConfig
      * The default timezone that will be used in your application to display
      * dates with the date helper, and can be retrieved through app_timezone()
      *
-     * @var string
+     * @see https://www.php.net/manual/en/timezones.php for list of timezones
+     *      supported by PHP.
      */
-    public $appTimezone = 'Europe/Madrid';
+    public string $appTimezone = 'Europe/Madrid';
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -119,210 +144,20 @@ class App extends BaseConfig
      * that require a character set to be provided.
      *
      * @see http://php.net/htmlspecialchars for a list of supported charsets.
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $charset = 'UTF-8';
+    public string $charset = 'UTF-8';
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     * URI PROTOCOL
+     * Force Global Secure Requests
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
      *
      * If true, this will force every request made to this application to be
      * made via a secure connection (HTTPS). If the incoming request is not
      * secure, the user will be redirected to a secure version of the page
-     * and the HTTP Strict Transport Security header will be set.
-     *
-     * @var bool
+     * and the HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) header will be set.
      */
-    public $forceGlobalSecureRequests = false;
-
-    /**
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     * Session Driver
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     *
-     * The session storage driver to use:
-     * - `CodeIgniter\Session\Handlers\FileHandler`
-     * - `CodeIgniter\Session\Handlers\DatabaseHandler`
-     * - `CodeIgniter\Session\Handlers\MemcachedHandler`
-     * - `CodeIgniter\Session\Handlers\RedisHandler`
-     *
-     * @var string
-     */
-    public $sessionDriver = 'CodeIgniter\Session\Handlers\FileHandler';
-
-    /**
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     * Session Cookie Name
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     *
-     * The session cookie name, must contain only [0-9a-z_-] characters
-     *
-     * @var string
-     */
-    public $sessionCookieName = 'ci_session';
-
-    /**
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     * Session Expiration
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     *
-     * The number of SECONDS you want the session to last.
-     * Setting to 0 (zero) means expire when the browser is closed.
-     *
-     * @var int
-     */
-    public $sessionExpiration = 7200;
-
-    /**
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     * Session Save Path
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     *
-     * The location to save sessions to and is driver dependent.
-     *
-     * For the 'files' driver, it's a path to a writable directory.
-     * WARNING: Only absolute paths are supported!
-     *
-     * For the 'database' driver, it's a table name.
-     * Please read up the manual for the format with other session drivers.
-     *
-     * IMPORTANT: You are REQUIRED to set a valid save path!
-     *
-     * @var string
-     */
-    public $sessionSavePath = WRITEPATH . 'session';
-
-    /**
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     * Session Match IP
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     *
-     * Whether to match the user's IP address when reading the session data.
-     *
-     * WARNING: If you're using the database driver, don't forget to update
-     *          your session table's PRIMARY KEY when changing this setting.
-     *
-     * @var bool
-     */
-    public $sessionMatchIP = false;
-
-    /**
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     * Session Time to Update
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     *
-     * How many seconds between CI regenerating the session ID.
-     *
-     * @var int
-     */
-    public $sessionTimeToUpdate = 300;
-
-    /**
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     * Session Regenerate Destroy
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     *
-     * Whether to destroy session data associated with the old session ID
-     * when auto-regenerating the session ID. When set to FALSE, the data
-     * will be later deleted by the garbage collector.
-     *
-     * @var bool
-     */
-    public $sessionRegenerateDestroy = false;
-
-    /**
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     * Cookie Prefix
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     *
-     * Set a cookie name prefix if you need to avoid collisions.
-     *
-     * @var string
-     *
-     * @deprecated use Config\Cookie::$prefix property instead.
-     */
-    public $cookiePrefix = '';
-
-    /**
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     * Cookie Domain
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     *
-     * Set to `.your-domain.com` for site-wide cookies.
-     *
-     * @var string
-     *
-     * @deprecated use Config\Cookie::$domain property instead.
-     */
-    public $cookieDomain = '';
-
-    /**
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     * Cookie Path
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     *
-     * Typically will be a forward slash.
-     *
-     * @var string
-     *
-     * @deprecated use Config\Cookie::$path property instead.
-     */
-    public $cookiePath = '/';
-
-    /**
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     * Cookie Secure
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     *
-     * Cookie will only be set if a secure HTTPS connection exists.
-     *
-     * @var bool
-     *
-     * @deprecated use Config\Cookie::$secure property instead.
-     */
-    public $cookieSecure = false;
-
-    /**
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     * Cookie HttpOnly
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     *
-     * Cookie will only be accessible via HTTP(S) (no JavaScript).
-     *
-     * @var bool
-     *
-     * @deprecated use Config\Cookie::$httponly property instead.
-     */
-    public $cookieHTTPOnly = true;
-
-    /**
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     * Cookie SameSite
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     *
-     * Configure cookie SameSite setting. Allowed values are:
-     * - None
-     * - Lax
-     * - Strict
-     * - ''
-     *
-     * Alternatively, you can use the constant names:
-     * - `Cookie::SAMESITE_NONE`
-     * - `Cookie::SAMESITE_LAX`
-     * - `Cookie::SAMESITE_STRICT`
-     *
-     * Defaults to `Lax` for compatibility with modern browsers. Setting `''`
-     * (empty string) means default SameSite attribute set by browsers (`Lax`)
-     * will be set on cookies. If set to `None`, `$cookieSecure` must also be set.
-     *
-     * @var string
-     *
-     * @deprecated use Config\Cookie::$samesite property instead.
-     */
-    public $cookieSameSite = 'Lax';
+    public bool $forceGlobalSecureRequests = false;
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -331,116 +166,21 @@ class App extends BaseConfig
      *
      * If your server is behind a reverse proxy, you must whitelist the proxy
      * IP addresses from which CodeIgniter should trust headers such as
-     * HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR and HTTP_CLIENT_IP in order to properly identify
+     * X-Forwarded-For or Client-IP in order to properly identify
      * the visitor's IP address.
      *
-     * You can use both an array or a comma-separated list of proxy addresses,
-     * as well as specifying whole subnets. Here are a few examples:
+     * You need to set a proxy IP address or IP address with subnets and
+     * the HTTP header for the client IP address.
      *
-     * Comma-separated:	'10.0.1.200,192.168.5.0/24'
-     * Array: ['10.0.1.200', '192.168.5.0/24']
+     * Here are some examples:
+     *     [
+     *         '10.0.1.200'     => 'X-Forwarded-For',
+     *         '192.168.5.0/24' => 'X-Real-IP',
+     *     ]
      *
-     * @var string|string[]
+     * @var array<string, string>
      */
-    public $proxyIPs = '';
-
-    /**
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     * CSRF Token Name
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     *
-     * The token name.
-     *
-     * @deprecated Use `Config\Security` $tokenName property instead of using this property.
-     *
-     * @var string
-     */
-    public $CSRFTokenName = 'csrf_test_name';
-
-    /**
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     * CSRF Header Name
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     *
-     * The header name.
-     *
-     * @deprecated Use `Config\Security` $headerName property instead of using this property.
-     *
-     * @var string
-     */
-    public $CSRFHeaderName = 'X-CSRF-TOKEN';
-
-    /**
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     * CSRF Cookie Name
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     *
-     * The cookie name.
-     *
-     * @deprecated Use `Config\Security` $cookieName property instead of using this property.
-     *
-     * @var string
-     */
-    public $CSRFCookieName = 'csrf_cookie_name';
-
-    /**
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     * CSRF Expire
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     *
-     * The number in seconds the token should expire.
-     *
-     * @deprecated Use `Config\Security` $expire property instead of using this property.
-     *
-     * @var int
-     */
-    public $CSRFExpire = 7200;
-
-    /**
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     * CSRF Regenerate
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     *
-     * Regenerate token on every submission?
-     *
-     * @deprecated Use `Config\Security` $regenerate property instead of using this property.
-     *
-     * @var bool
-     */
-    public $CSRFRegenerate = true;
-
-    /**
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     * CSRF Redirect
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     *
-     * Redirect to previous page with error on failure?
-     *
-     * @deprecated Use `Config\Security` $redirect property instead of using this property.
-     *
-     * @var bool
-     */
-    public $CSRFRedirect = true;
-
-    /**
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     * CSRF SameSite
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     *
-     * Setting for CSRF SameSite cookie token. Allowed values are:
-     * - None
-     * - Lax
-     * - Strict
-     * - ''
-     *
-     * Defaults to `Lax` as recommended in this link:
-     *
-     * @see https://portswigger.net/web-security/csrf/samesite-cookies
-     * @deprecated Use `Config\Security` $samesite property instead of using this property.
-     *
-     * @var string
-     */
-    public $CSRFSameSite = 'Lax';
+    public array $proxyIPs = [];
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -457,8 +197,6 @@ class App extends BaseConfig
      *
      * @see http://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/security/content-security-policy/
      * @see http://www.w3.org/TR/CSP/
-     *
-     * @var bool
      */
-    public $CSPEnabled = false;
+    public bool $CSPEnabled = false;
 }
diff --git a/app/Config/Autoload.php b/app/Config/Autoload.php
index ee27e3b..76cd926 100644
--- a/app/Config/Autoload.php
+++ b/app/Config/Autoload.php
@@ -13,7 +13,12 @@ use CodeIgniter\Config\AutoloadConfig;
  * can find the files as needed.
  *
  * NOTE: If you use an identical key in $psr4 or $classmap, then
- * the values in this file will overwrite the framework's values.
+ *       the values in this file will overwrite the framework's values.
+ *
+ * NOTE: This class is required prior to Autoloader instantiation,
+ *       and does not extend BaseConfig.
+ *
+ * @immutable
  */
 class Autoload extends AutoloadConfig
 {
@@ -25,24 +30,17 @@ class Autoload extends AutoloadConfig
      * their location on the file system. These are used by the autoloader
      * to locate files the first time they have been instantiated.
      *
-     * The '/app' and '/system' directories are already mapped for you.
-     * you may change the name of the 'App' namespace if you wish,
+     * The 'Config' (APPPATH . 'Config') and 'CodeIgniter' (SYSTEMPATH) are
+     * already mapped for you.
+     *
+     * You may change the name of the 'App' namespace if you wish,
      * but this should be done prior to creating any namespaced classes,
      * else you will need to modify all of those classes for this to work.
      *
-     * Prototype:
-     *```
-     *   $psr4 = [
-     *       'CodeIgniter' => SYSTEMPATH,
-     *       'App'	       => APPPATH
-     *   ];
-     *```
-     *
-     * @var array<string, string>
+     * @var array<string, list<string>|string>
      */
     public $psr4 = [
-        APP_NAMESPACE => APPPATH, // For custom app namespace
-        'Config'      => APPPATH . 'Config',
+        APP_NAMESPACE => APPPATH,
     ];
 
     /**
@@ -56,11 +54,9 @@ class Autoload extends AutoloadConfig
      * were being autoloaded through a namespace.
      *
      * Prototype:
-     *```
      *   $classmap = [
      *       'MyClass'   => '/path/to/class/file.php'
      *   ];
-     *```
      *
      * @var array<string, string>
      */
@@ -75,13 +71,24 @@ class Autoload extends AutoloadConfig
      * or for loading functions.
      *
      * Prototype:
-     * ```
-     *	  $files = [
-     *	 	   '/path/to/my/file.php',
-     *    ];
-     * ```
+     *   $files = [
+     *       '/path/to/my/file.php',
+     *   ];
      *
-     * @var array<int, string>
+     * @var list<string>
      */
     public $files = [];
+
+    /**
+     * -------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Helpers
+     * -------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Prototype:
+     *   $helpers = [
+     *       'form',
+     *   ];
+     *
+     * @var list<string>
+     */
+    public $helpers = [];
 }
diff --git a/app/Config/Boot/development.php b/app/Config/Boot/development.php
index 05a8612..a868447 100644
--- a/app/Config/Boot/development.php
+++ b/app/Config/Boot/development.php
@@ -7,8 +7,10 @@
  | In development, we want to show as many errors as possible to help
  | make sure they don't make it to production. And save us hours of
  | painful debugging.
+ |
+ | If you set 'display_errors' to '1', CI4's detailed error report will show.
  */
-error_reporting(-1);
+error_reporting(E_ALL);
 ini_set('display_errors', '1');
 
 /*
diff --git a/app/Config/Boot/production.php b/app/Config/Boot/production.php
index 21d2580..1822cf5 100644
--- a/app/Config/Boot/production.php
+++ b/app/Config/Boot/production.php
@@ -6,9 +6,13 @@
  |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
  | Don't show ANY in production environments. Instead, let the system catch
  | it and display a generic error message.
+ |
+ | If you set 'display_errors' to '1', CI4's detailed error report will show.
  */
+error_reporting(E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED);
+// If you want to suppress more types of errors.
+// error_reporting(E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE & ~E_DEPRECATED & ~E_STRICT & ~E_USER_NOTICE & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED);
 ini_set('display_errors', '0');
-error_reporting(E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE & ~E_DEPRECATED & ~E_STRICT & ~E_USER_NOTICE & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED);
 
 /*
  |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/app/Config/Boot/testing.php b/app/Config/Boot/testing.php
index e07a1d4..40b6ca8 100644
--- a/app/Config/Boot/testing.php
+++ b/app/Config/Boot/testing.php
@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
 <?php
 
+/*
+ * The environment testing is reserved for PHPUnit testing. It has special
+ * conditions built into the framework at various places to assist with that.
+ * You can’t use it for your development.
+ */
+
 /*
  |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
  | ERROR DISPLAY
@@ -8,7 +14,7 @@
  | make sure they don't make it to production. And save us hours of
  | painful debugging.
  */
-error_reporting(-1);
+error_reporting(E_ALL);
 ini_set('display_errors', '1');
 
 /*
diff --git a/app/Config/CURLRequest.php b/app/Config/CURLRequest.php
index b4c8e5c..5a3d4e9 100644
--- a/app/Config/CURLRequest.php
+++ b/app/Config/CURLRequest.php
@@ -15,8 +15,6 @@ class CURLRequest extends BaseConfig
      *
      * If true, all the options won't be reset between requests.
      * It may cause an error request with unnecessary headers.
-     *
-     * @var bool
      */
-    public $shareOptions = true;
+    public bool $shareOptions = false;
 }
diff --git a/app/Config/Cache.php b/app/Config/Cache.php
index 2d1fea9..3fbade6 100644
--- a/app/Config/Cache.php
+++ b/app/Config/Cache.php
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace Config;
 
+use CodeIgniter\Cache\CacheInterface;
 use CodeIgniter\Cache\Handlers\DummyHandler;
 use CodeIgniter\Cache\Handlers\FileHandler;
 use CodeIgniter\Cache\Handlers\MemcachedHandler;
@@ -19,10 +20,8 @@ class Cache extends BaseConfig
      *
      * The name of the preferred handler that should be used. If for some reason
      * it is not available, the $backupHandler will be used in its place.
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $handler = 'file';
+    public string $handler = 'file';
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -32,10 +31,8 @@ class Cache extends BaseConfig
      * The name of the handler that will be used in case the first one is
      * unreachable. Often, 'file' is used here since the filesystem is
      * always available, though that's not always practical for the app.
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $backupHandler = 'dummy';
+    public string $backupHandler = 'dummy';
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -45,30 +42,9 @@ class Cache extends BaseConfig
      * The path to where cache files should be stored, if using a file-based
      * system.
      *
-     * @var string
-     *
      * @deprecated Use the driver-specific variant under $file
      */
-    public $storePath = WRITEPATH . 'cache/';
-
-    /**
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     * Cache Include Query String
-     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-     *
-     * Whether to take the URL query string into consideration when generating
-     * output cache files. Valid options are:
-     *
-     *    false      = Disabled
-     *    true       = Enabled, take all query parameters into account.
-     *                 Please be aware that this may result in numerous cache
-     *                 files generated for the same page over and over again.
-     *    array('q') = Enabled, but only take into account the specified list
-     *                 of query parameters.
-     *
-     * @var bool|string[]
-     */
-    public $cacheQueryString = false;
+    public string $storePath = WRITEPATH . 'cache/';
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -77,10 +53,8 @@ class Cache extends BaseConfig
      *
      * This string is added to all cache item names to help avoid collisions
      * if you run multiple applications with the same cache engine.
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $prefix = '';
+    public string $prefix = '';
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -92,10 +66,8 @@ class Cache extends BaseConfig
      * WARNING: This is not used by framework handlers where 60 seconds is
      * hard-coded, but may be useful to projects and modules. This will replace
      * the hard-coded value in a future release.
-     *
-     * @var int
      */
-    public $ttl = 60;
+    public int $ttl = 60;
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -105,11 +77,10 @@ class Cache extends BaseConfig
      * A string of reserved characters that will not be allowed in keys or tags.
      * Strings that violate this restriction will cause handlers to throw.
      * Default: {}()/\@:
-     * Note: The default set is required for PSR-6 compliance.
      *
-     * @var string
+     * NOTE: The default set is required for PSR-6 compliance.
      */
-    public $reservedCharacters = '{}()/\@:';
+    public string $reservedCharacters = '{}()/\@:';
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -120,7 +91,7 @@ class Cache extends BaseConfig
      *
      * @var array<string, int|string|null>
      */
-    public $file = [
+    public array $file = [
         'storePath' => WRITEPATH . 'cache/',
         'mode'      => 0640,
     ];
@@ -134,9 +105,9 @@ class Cache extends BaseConfig
      *
      * @see https://codeigniter.com/user_guide/libraries/caching.html#memcached
      *
-     * @var array<string, boolean|int|string>
+     * @var array<string, bool|int|string>
      */
-    public $memcached = [
+    public array $memcached = [
         'host'   => '127.0.0.1',
         'port'   => 11211,
         'weight' => 1,
@@ -152,7 +123,7 @@ class Cache extends BaseConfig
      *
      * @var array<string, int|string|null>
      */
-    public $redis = [
+    public array $redis = [
         'host'     => '127.0.0.1',
         'password' => null,
         'port'     => 6379,
@@ -168,9 +139,9 @@ class Cache extends BaseConfig
      * This is an array of cache engine alias' and class names. Only engines
      * that are listed here are allowed to be used.
      *
-     * @var array<string, string>
+     * @var array<string, class-string<CacheInterface>>
      */
-    public $validHandlers = [
+    public array $validHandlers = [
         'dummy'     => DummyHandler::class,
         'file'      => FileHandler::class,
         'memcached' => MemcachedHandler::class,
@@ -178,4 +149,23 @@ class Cache extends BaseConfig
         'redis'     => RedisHandler::class,
         'wincache'  => WincacheHandler::class,
     ];
+
+    /**
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Web Page Caching: Cache Include Query String
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     *
+     * Whether to take the URL query string into consideration when generating
+     * output cache files. Valid options are:
+     *
+     *    false = Disabled
+     *    true  = Enabled, take all query parameters into account.
+     *            Please be aware that this may result in numerous cache
+     *            files generated for the same page over and over again.
+     *    ['q'] = Enabled, but only take into account the specified list
+     *            of query parameters.
+     *
+     * @var bool|list<string>
+     */
+    public $cacheQueryString = false;
 }
diff --git a/app/Config/Constants.php b/app/Config/Constants.php
index 8f8498a..47b92f8 100644
--- a/app/Config/Constants.php
+++ b/app/Config/Constants.php
@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ defined('MINUTE') || define('MINUTE', 60);
 defined('HOUR')   || define('HOUR', 3600);
 defined('DAY')    || define('DAY', 86400);
 defined('WEEK')   || define('WEEK', 604800);
-defined('MONTH')  || define('MONTH', 2592000);
-defined('YEAR')   || define('YEAR', 31536000);
-defined('DECADE') || define('DECADE', 315360000);
+defined('MONTH')  || define('MONTH', 2_592_000);
+defined('YEAR')   || define('YEAR', 31_536_000);
+defined('DECADE') || define('DECADE', 315_360_000);
 
 /*
  | --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -67,13 +67,28 @@ defined('DECADE') || define('DECADE', 315360000);
  |       http://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/exitcodes.html
  |
  */
-defined('EXIT_SUCCESS')        || define('EXIT_SUCCESS', 0); // no errors
-defined('EXIT_ERROR')          || define('EXIT_ERROR', 1); // generic error
-defined('EXIT_CONFIG')         || define('EXIT_CONFIG', 3); // configuration error
-defined('EXIT_UNKNOWN_FILE')   || define('EXIT_UNKNOWN_FILE', 4); // file not found
-defined('EXIT_UNKNOWN_CLASS')  || define('EXIT_UNKNOWN_CLASS', 5); // unknown class
+defined('EXIT_SUCCESS')        || define('EXIT_SUCCESS', 0);        // no errors
+defined('EXIT_ERROR')          || define('EXIT_ERROR', 1);          // generic error
+defined('EXIT_CONFIG')         || define('EXIT_CONFIG', 3);         // configuration error
+defined('EXIT_UNKNOWN_FILE')   || define('EXIT_UNKNOWN_FILE', 4);   // file not found
+defined('EXIT_UNKNOWN_CLASS')  || define('EXIT_UNKNOWN_CLASS', 5);  // unknown class
 defined('EXIT_UNKNOWN_METHOD') || define('EXIT_UNKNOWN_METHOD', 6); // unknown class member
-defined('EXIT_USER_INPUT')     || define('EXIT_USER_INPUT', 7); // invalid user input
-defined('EXIT_DATABASE')       || define('EXIT_DATABASE', 8); // database error
-defined('EXIT__AUTO_MIN')      || define('EXIT__AUTO_MIN', 9); // lowest automatically-assigned error code
-defined('EXIT__AUTO_MAX')      || define('EXIT__AUTO_MAX', 125); // highest automatically-assigned error code
+defined('EXIT_USER_INPUT')     || define('EXIT_USER_INPUT', 7);     // invalid user input
+defined('EXIT_DATABASE')       || define('EXIT_DATABASE', 8);       // database error
+defined('EXIT__AUTO_MIN')      || define('EXIT__AUTO_MIN', 9);      // lowest automatically-assigned error code
+defined('EXIT__AUTO_MAX')      || define('EXIT__AUTO_MAX', 125);    // highest automatically-assigned error code
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Use \CodeIgniter\Events\Events::PRIORITY_LOW instead.
+ */
+define('EVENT_PRIORITY_LOW', 200);
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Use \CodeIgniter\Events\Events::PRIORITY_NORMAL instead.
+ */
+define('EVENT_PRIORITY_NORMAL', 100);
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Use \CodeIgniter\Events\Events::PRIORITY_HIGH instead.
+ */
+define('EVENT_PRIORITY_HIGH', 10);
diff --git a/app/Config/ContentSecurityPolicy.php b/app/Config/ContentSecurityPolicy.php
index 6fa5bd7..2ac41a7 100644
--- a/app/Config/ContentSecurityPolicy.php
+++ b/app/Config/ContentSecurityPolicy.php
@@ -15,64 +15,58 @@ use CodeIgniter\Config\BaseConfig;
  */
 class ContentSecurityPolicy extends BaseConfig
 {
-    //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
     // Broadbrush CSP management
-    //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     /**
      * Default CSP report context
-     *
-     * @var bool
      */
-    public $reportOnly = false;
+    public bool $reportOnly = false;
 
     /**
      * Specifies a URL where a browser will send reports
      * when a content security policy is violated.
-     *
-     * @var string|null
      */
-    public $reportURI;
+    public ?string $reportURI = null;
 
     /**
      * Instructs user agents to rewrite URL schemes, changing
      * HTTP to HTTPS. This directive is for websites with
      * large numbers of old URLs that need to be rewritten.
-     *
-     * @var bool
      */
-    public $upgradeInsecureRequests = false;
+    public bool $upgradeInsecureRequests = false;
 
-    //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
     // Sources allowed
-    // Note: once you set a policy to 'none', it cannot be further restricted
-    //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // NOTE: once you set a policy to 'none', it cannot be further restricted
+    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     /**
      * Will default to self if not overridden
      *
-     * @var string|string[]|null
+     * @var list<string>|string|null
      */
     public $defaultSrc;
 
     /**
      * Lists allowed scripts' URLs.
      *
-     * @var string|string[]
+     * @var list<string>|string
      */
     public $scriptSrc = 'self';
 
     /**
      * Lists allowed stylesheets' URLs.
      *
-     * @var string|string[]
+     * @var list<string>|string
      */
     public $styleSrc = 'self';
 
     /**
      * Defines the origins from which images can be loaded.
      *
-     * @var string|string[]
+     * @var list<string>|string
      */
     public $imageSrc = 'self';
 
@@ -81,14 +75,14 @@ class ContentSecurityPolicy extends BaseConfig
      *
      * Will default to self if not overridden
      *
-     * @var string|string[]|null
+     * @var list<string>|string|null
      */
     public $baseURI;
 
     /**
      * Lists the URLs for workers and embedded frame contents
      *
-     * @var string|string[]
+     * @var list<string>|string
      */
     public $childSrc = 'self';
 
@@ -96,21 +90,21 @@ class ContentSecurityPolicy extends BaseConfig
      * Limits the origins that you can connect to (via XHR,
      * WebSockets, and EventSource).
      *
-     * @var string|string[]
+     * @var list<string>|string
      */
     public $connectSrc = 'self';
 
     /**
      * Specifies the origins that can serve web fonts.
      *
-     * @var string|string[]
+     * @var list<string>|string
      */
     public $fontSrc;
 
     /**
      * Lists valid endpoints for submission from `<form>` tags.
      *
-     * @var string|string[]
+     * @var list<string>|string
      */
     public $formAction = 'self';
 
@@ -120,7 +114,7 @@ class ContentSecurityPolicy extends BaseConfig
      * and `<applet>` tags. This directive can't be used in
      * `<meta>` tags and applies only to non-HTML resources.
      *
-     * @var string|string[]|null
+     * @var list<string>|string|null
      */
     public $frameAncestors;
 
@@ -128,40 +122,55 @@ class ContentSecurityPolicy extends BaseConfig
      * The frame-src directive restricts the URLs which may
      * be loaded into nested browsing contexts.
      *
-     * @var array|string|null
+     * @var list<string>|string|null
      */
     public $frameSrc;
 
     /**
      * Restricts the origins allowed to deliver video and audio.
      *
-     * @var string|string[]|null
+     * @var list<string>|string|null
      */
     public $mediaSrc;
 
     /**
      * Allows control over Flash and other plugins.
      *
-     * @var string|string[]
+     * @var list<string>|string
      */
     public $objectSrc = 'self';
 
     /**
-     * @var string|string[]|null
+     * @var list<string>|string|null
      */
     public $manifestSrc;
 
     /**
      * Limits the kinds of plugins a page may invoke.
      *
-     * @var string|string[]|null
+     * @var list<string>|string|null
      */
     public $pluginTypes;
 
     /**
      * List of actions allowed.
      *
-     * @var string|string[]|null
+     * @var list<string>|string|null
      */
     public $sandbox;
+
+    /**
+     * Nonce tag for style
+     */
+    public string $styleNonceTag = '{csp-style-nonce}';
+
+    /**
+     * Nonce tag for script
+     */
+    public string $scriptNonceTag = '{csp-script-nonce}';
+
+    /**
+     * Replace nonce tag automatically
+     */
+    public bool $autoNonce = true;
 }
diff --git a/app/Config/Cookie.php b/app/Config/Cookie.php
index 8ee01c7..84ccc0e 100644
--- a/app/Config/Cookie.php
+++ b/app/Config/Cookie.php
@@ -13,10 +13,8 @@ class Cookie extends BaseConfig
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
      *
      * Set a cookie name prefix if you need to avoid collisions.
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $prefix = '';
+    public string $prefix = '';
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -37,10 +35,8 @@ class Cookie extends BaseConfig
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
      *
      * Typically will be a forward slash.
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $path = '/';
+    public string $path = '/';
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -48,10 +44,8 @@ class Cookie extends BaseConfig
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
      *
      * Set to `.your-domain.com` for site-wide cookies.
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $domain = '';
+    public string $domain = '';
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -59,10 +53,8 @@ class Cookie extends BaseConfig
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
      *
      * Cookie will only be set if a secure HTTPS connection exists.
-     *
-     * @var bool
      */
-    public $secure = false;
+    public bool $secure = false;
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -70,10 +62,8 @@ class Cookie extends BaseConfig
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
      *
      * Cookie will only be accessible via HTTP(S) (no JavaScript).
-     *
-     * @var bool
      */
-    public $httponly = true;
+    public bool $httponly = true;
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -95,9 +85,9 @@ class Cookie extends BaseConfig
      * (empty string) means default SameSite attribute set by browsers (`Lax`)
      * will be set on cookies. If set to `None`, `$secure` must also be set.
      *
-     * @var string
+     * @phpstan-var 'None'|'Lax'|'Strict'|''
      */
-    public $samesite = 'Lax';
+    public string $samesite = 'Lax';
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -110,10 +100,8 @@ class Cookie extends BaseConfig
      * If this is set to `true`, cookie names should be compliant of RFC 2616's
      * list of allowed characters.
      *
-     * @var bool
-     *
      * @see https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Set-Cookie#attributes
      * @see https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2616#section-2.2
      */
-    public $raw = false;
+    public bool $raw = false;
 }
diff --git a/app/Config/Cors.php b/app/Config/Cors.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2b4edf6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Config/Cors.php
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Config;
+
+use CodeIgniter\Config\BaseConfig;
+
+/**
+ * Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) Configuration
+ *
+ * @see https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/CORS
+ */
+class Cors extends BaseConfig
+{
+    /**
+     * The default CORS configuration.
+     *
+     * @var array{
+     *      allowedOrigins: list<string>,
+     *      allowedOriginsPatterns: list<string>,
+     *      supportsCredentials: bool,
+     *      allowedHeaders: list<string>,
+     *      exposedHeaders: list<string>,
+     *      allowedMethods: list<string>,
+     *      maxAge: int,
+     *  }
+     */
+    public array $default = [
+        /**
+         * Origins for the `Access-Control-Allow-Origin` header.
+         *
+         * @see https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Access-Control-Allow-Origin
+         *
+         * E.g.:
+         *   - ['http://localhost:8080']
+         *   - ['https://www.example.com']
+         */
+        'allowedOrigins' => [],
+
+        /**
+         * Origin regex patterns for the `Access-Control-Allow-Origin` header.
+         *
+         * @see https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Access-Control-Allow-Origin
+         *
+         * NOTE: A pattern specified here is part of a regular expression. It will
+         *       be actually `#\A<pattern>\z#`.
+         *
+         * E.g.:
+         *   - ['https://\w+\.example\.com']
+         */
+        'allowedOriginsPatterns' => [],
+
+        /**
+         * Weather to send the `Access-Control-Allow-Credentials` header.
+         *
+         * The Access-Control-Allow-Credentials response header tells browsers whether
+         * the server allows cross-origin HTTP requests to include credentials.
+         *
+         * @see https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Access-Control-Allow-Credentials
+         */
+        'supportsCredentials' => false,
+
+        /**
+         * Set headers to allow.
+         *
+         * The Access-Control-Allow-Headers response header is used in response to
+         * a preflight request which includes the Access-Control-Request-Headers to
+         * indicate which HTTP headers can be used during the actual request.
+         *
+         * @see https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Access-Control-Allow-Headers
+         */
+        'allowedHeaders' => [],
+
+        /**
+         * Set headers to expose.
+         *
+         * The Access-Control-Expose-Headers response header allows a server to
+         * indicate which response headers should be made available to scripts running
+         * in the browser, in response to a cross-origin request.
+         *
+         * @see https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Access-Control-Expose-Headers
+         */
+        'exposedHeaders' => [],
+
+        /**
+         * Set methods to allow.
+         *
+         * The Access-Control-Allow-Methods response header specifies one or more
+         * methods allowed when accessing a resource in response to a preflight
+         * request.
+         *
+         * E.g.:
+         *   - ['GET', 'POST', 'PUT', 'DELETE']
+         *
+         * @see https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Access-Control-Allow-Methods
+         */
+        'allowedMethods' => [],
+
+        /**
+         * Set how many seconds the results of a preflight request can be cached.
+         *
+         * @see https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Access-Control-Max-Age
+         */
+        'maxAge' => 7200,
+    ];
+}
diff --git a/app/Config/Database.php b/app/Config/Database.php
index 3730f92..491058f 100644
--- a/app/Config/Database.php
+++ b/app/Config/Database.php
@@ -10,36 +10,29 @@ use CodeIgniter\Database\Config;
 class Database extends Config
 {
     /**
-     * The directory that holds the Migrations
-     * and Seeds directories.
-     *
-     * @var string
+     * The directory that holds the Migrations and Seeds directories.
      */
-    public $filesPath = APPPATH . 'Database' . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR;
+    public string $filesPath = APPPATH . 'Database' . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR;
 
     /**
-     * Lets you choose which connection group to
-     * use if no other is specified.
-     *
-     * @var string
+     * Lets you choose which connection group to use if no other is specified.
      */
-    public $defaultGroup = 'default';
+    public string $defaultGroup = 'default';
 
     /**
      * The default database connection.
      *
-     * @var array
+     * @var array<string, mixed>
      */
-    public $default = [
+    public array $default = [
         'DSN'      => '',
         'hostname' => 'localhost',
         'username' => '',
         'password' => '',
         'database' => '',
-        'DBDriver' => '',
+        'DBDriver' => 'MySQLi',
         'DBPrefix' => '',
         'pConnect' => false,
-        //'DBDebug'  => (ENVIRONMENT !== 'production'),
         'DBDebug'  => true,
         'charset'  => 'utf8',
         'DBCollat' => 'utf8_general_ci',
@@ -49,32 +42,149 @@ class Database extends Config
         'strictOn' => false,
         'failover' => [],
         'port'     => 3306,
+        'numberNative' => false,
+        'dateFormat'   => [
+            'date'     => 'Y-m-d',
+            'datetime' => 'Y-m-d H:i:s',
+            'time'     => 'H:i:s',
+        ],
     ];
 
+    //    /**
+    //     * Sample database connection for SQLite3.
+    //     *
+    //     * @var array<string, mixed>
+    //     */
+    //    public array $default = [
+    //        'database'    => 'database.db',
+    //        'DBDriver'    => 'SQLite3',
+    //        'DBPrefix'    => '',
+    //        'DBDebug'     => true,
+    //        'swapPre'     => '',
+    //        'failover'    => [],
+    //        'foreignKeys' => true,
+    //        'busyTimeout' => 1000,
+    //        'dateFormat'  => [
+    //            'date'     => 'Y-m-d',
+    //            'datetime' => 'Y-m-d H:i:s',
+    //            'time'     => 'H:i:s',
+    //        ],
+    //    ];
+
+    //    /**
+    //     * Sample database connection for Postgre.
+    //     *
+    //     * @var array<string, mixed>
+    //     */
+    //    public array $default = [
+    //        'DSN'        => '',
+    //        'hostname'   => 'localhost',
+    //        'username'   => 'root',
+    //        'password'   => 'root',
+    //        'database'   => 'ci4',
+    //        'schema'     => 'public',
+    //        'DBDriver'   => 'Postgre',
+    //        'DBPrefix'   => '',
+    //        'pConnect'   => false,
+    //        'DBDebug'    => true,
+    //        'charset'    => 'utf8',
+    //        'swapPre'    => '',
+    //        'failover'   => [],
+    //        'port'       => 5432,
+    //        'dateFormat' => [
+    //            'date'     => 'Y-m-d',
+    //            'datetime' => 'Y-m-d H:i:s',
+    //            'time'     => 'H:i:s',
+    //        ],
+    //    ];
+
+    //    /**
+    //     * Sample database connection for SQLSRV.
+    //     *
+    //     * @var array<string, mixed>
+    //     */
+    //    public array $default = [
+    //        'DSN'        => '',
+    //        'hostname'   => 'localhost',
+    //        'username'   => 'root',
+    //        'password'   => 'root',
+    //        'database'   => 'ci4',
+    //        'schema'     => 'dbo',
+    //        'DBDriver'   => 'SQLSRV',
+    //        'DBPrefix'   => '',
+    //        'pConnect'   => false,
+    //        'DBDebug'    => true,
+    //        'charset'    => 'utf8',
+    //        'swapPre'    => '',
+    //        'encrypt'    => false,
+    //        'failover'   => [],
+    //        'port'       => 1433,
+    //        'dateFormat' => [
+    //            'date'     => 'Y-m-d',
+    //            'datetime' => 'Y-m-d H:i:s',
+    //            'time'     => 'H:i:s',
+    //        ],
+    //    ];
+
+    //    /**
+    //     * Sample database connection for OCI8.
+    //     *
+    //     * You may need the following environment variables:
+    //     *   NLS_LANG                = 'AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8'
+    //     *   NLS_DATE_FORMAT         = 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'
+    //     *   NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT    = 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'
+    //     *   NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT = 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'
+    //     *
+    //     * @var array<string, mixed>
+    //     */
+    //    public array $default = [
+    //        'DSN'        => 'localhost:1521/XEPDB1',
+    //        'username'   => 'root',
+    //        'password'   => 'root',
+    //        'DBDriver'   => 'OCI8',
+    //        'DBPrefix'   => '',
+    //        'pConnect'   => false,
+    //        'DBDebug'    => true,
+    //        'charset'    => 'AL32UTF8',
+    //        'swapPre'    => '',
+    //        'failover'   => [],
+    //        'dateFormat' => [
+    //            'date'     => 'Y-m-d',
+    //            'datetime' => 'Y-m-d H:i:s',
+    //            'time'     => 'H:i:s',
+    //        ],
+    //    ];
+
     /**
-     * This database connection is used when
-     * running PHPUnit database tests.
+     * This database connection is used when running PHPUnit database tests.
      *
-     * @var array
+     * @var array<string, mixed>
      */
-    public $tests = [
-        'DSN'      => '',
-        'hostname' => '127.0.0.1',
-        'username' => '',
-        'password' => '',
-        'database' => ':memory:',
-        'DBDriver' => 'SQLite3',
-        'DBPrefix' => 'db_',  // Needed to ensure we're working correctly with prefixes live. DO NOT REMOVE FOR CI DEVS
-        'pConnect' => false,
-        'DBDebug'  => (ENVIRONMENT !== 'production'),
-        'charset'  => 'utf8',
-        'DBCollat' => 'utf8_general_ci',
-        'swapPre'  => '',
-        'encrypt'  => false,
-        'compress' => false,
-        'strictOn' => false,
-        'failover' => [],
-        'port'     => 3306,
+    public array $tests = [
+        'DSN'         => '',
+        'hostname'    => '127.0.0.1',
+        'username'    => '',
+        'password'    => '',
+        'database'    => ':memory:',
+        'DBDriver'    => 'SQLite3',
+        'DBPrefix'    => 'db_',  // Needed to ensure we're working correctly with prefixes live. DO NOT REMOVE FOR CI DEVS
+        'pConnect'    => false,
+        'DBDebug'     => true,
+        'charset'     => 'utf8',
+        'DBCollat'    => '',
+        'swapPre'     => '',
+        'encrypt'     => false,
+        'compress'    => false,
+        'strictOn'    => false,
+        'failover'    => [],
+        'port'        => 3306,
+        'foreignKeys' => true,
+        'busyTimeout' => 1000,
+        'dateFormat'  => [
+            'date'     => 'Y-m-d',
+            'datetime' => 'Y-m-d H:i:s',
+            'time'     => 'H:i:s',
+        ],
     ];
 
     public function __construct()
diff --git a/app/Config/DocTypes.php b/app/Config/DocTypes.php
old mode 100644
new mode 100755
index 6f16693..7e8aaac
--- a/app/Config/DocTypes.php
+++ b/app/Config/DocTypes.php
@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@
 
 namespace Config;
 
+/**
+ * @immutable
+ */
 class DocTypes
 {
     /**
@@ -9,7 +12,7 @@ class DocTypes
      *
      * @var array<string, string>
      */
-    public $list = [
+    public array $list = [
         'xhtml11'           => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">',
         'xhtml1-strict'     => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">',
         'xhtml1-trans'      => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">',
@@ -30,4 +33,14 @@ class DocTypes
         'xhtml-rdfa-1'      => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML+RDFa 1.0//EN" "http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/DTD/xhtml-rdfa-1.dtd">',
         'xhtml-rdfa-2'      => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML+RDFa 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/DTD/xhtml-rdfa-2.dtd">',
     ];
+
+    /**
+     * Whether to remove the solidus (`/`) character for void HTML elements (e.g. `<input>`)
+     * for HTML5 compatibility.
+     *
+     * Set to:
+     *    `true` - to be HTML5 compatible
+     *    `false` - to be XHTML compatible
+     */
+    public bool $html5 = true;
 }
diff --git a/app/Config/Email.php b/app/Config/Email.php
index 3a42fbe..4dce650 100644
--- a/app/Config/Email.php
+++ b/app/Config/Email.php
@@ -6,165 +6,116 @@ use CodeIgniter\Config\BaseConfig;
 
 class Email extends BaseConfig
 {
-    /**
-     * @var string
-     */
-    public $fromEmail;
-
-    /**
-     * @var string
-     */
-    public $fromName;
-
-    /**
-     * @var string
-     */
-    public $recipients;
+    public string $fromEmail  = '';
+    public string $fromName   = '';
+    public string $recipients = '';
 
     /**
      * The "user agent"
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $userAgent = 'CodeIgniter';
+    public string $userAgent = 'CodeIgniter';
 
     /**
      * The mail sending protocol: mail, sendmail, smtp
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $protocol = 'mail';
+    public string $protocol = 'mail';
 
     /**
      * The server path to Sendmail.
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $mailPath = '/usr/sbin/sendmail';
+    public string $mailPath = '/usr/sbin/sendmail';
 
     /**
-     * SMTP Server Address
-     *
-     * @var string
+     * SMTP Server Hostname
      */
-    public $SMTPHost;
+    public string $SMTPHost = '';
 
     /**
      * SMTP Username
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $SMTPUser;
+    public string $SMTPUser = '';
 
     /**
      * SMTP Password
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $SMTPPass;
+    public string $SMTPPass = '';
 
     /**
      * SMTP Port
-     *
-     * @var int
      */
-    public $SMTPPort = 25;
+    public int $SMTPPort = 25;
 
     /**
      * SMTP Timeout (in seconds)
-     *
-     * @var int
      */
-    public $SMTPTimeout = 5;
+    public int $SMTPTimeout = 5;
 
     /**
      * Enable persistent SMTP connections
-     *
-     * @var bool
      */
-    public $SMTPKeepAlive = false;
+    public bool $SMTPKeepAlive = false;
 
     /**
-     * SMTP Encryption. Either tls or ssl
+     * SMTP Encryption.
      *
-     * @var string
+     * @var string '', 'tls' or 'ssl'. 'tls' will issue a STARTTLS command
+     *             to the server. 'ssl' means implicit SSL. Connection on port
+     *             465 should set this to ''.
      */
-    public $SMTPCrypto = 'tls';
+    public string $SMTPCrypto = 'tls';
 
     /**
      * Enable word-wrap
-     *
-     * @var bool
      */
-    public $wordWrap = true;
+    public bool $wordWrap = true;
 
     /**
      * Character count to wrap at
-     *
-     * @var int
      */
-    public $wrapChars = 76;
+    public int $wrapChars = 76;
 
     /**
      * Type of mail, either 'text' or 'html'
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $mailType = 'text';
+    public string $mailType = 'text';
 
     /**
      * Character set (utf-8, iso-8859-1, etc.)
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $charset = 'UTF-8';
+    public string $charset = 'UTF-8';
 
     /**
      * Whether to validate the email address
-     *
-     * @var bool
      */
-    public $validate = false;
+    public bool $validate = false;
 
     /**
      * Email Priority. 1 = highest. 5 = lowest. 3 = normal
-     *
-     * @var int
      */
-    public $priority = 3;
+    public int $priority = 3;
 
     /**
      * Newline character. (Use “\r\n” to comply with RFC 822)
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $CRLF = "\r\n";
+    public string $CRLF = "\r\n";
 
     /**
      * Newline character. (Use “\r\n” to comply with RFC 822)
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $newline = "\r\n";
+    public string $newline = "\r\n";
 
     /**
      * Enable BCC Batch Mode.
-     *
-     * @var bool
      */
-    public $BCCBatchMode = false;
+    public bool $BCCBatchMode = false;
 
     /**
      * Number of emails in each BCC batch
-     *
-     * @var int
      */
-    public $BCCBatchSize = 200;
+    public int $BCCBatchSize = 200;
 
     /**
      * Enable notify message from server
-     *
-     * @var bool
      */
-    public $DSN = false;
+    public bool $DSN = false;
 }
diff --git a/app/Config/Encryption.php b/app/Config/Encryption.php
index 07b45a0..2834413 100644
--- a/app/Config/Encryption.php
+++ b/app/Config/Encryption.php
@@ -20,10 +20,8 @@ class Encryption extends BaseConfig
      * If you use the Encryption class you must set an encryption key (seed).
      * You need to ensure it is long enough for the cipher and mode you plan to use.
      * See the user guide for more info.
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $key = '';
+    public string $key = '';
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -35,10 +33,8 @@ class Encryption extends BaseConfig
      * Available drivers:
      * - OpenSSL
      * - Sodium
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $driver = 'OpenSSL';
+    public string $driver = 'OpenSSL';
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -49,10 +45,8 @@ class Encryption extends BaseConfig
      * before it is encrypted. This value should be greater than zero.
      *
      * See the user guide for more information on padding.
-     *
-     * @var int
      */
-    public $blockSize = 16;
+    public int $blockSize = 16;
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -60,8 +54,39 @@ class Encryption extends BaseConfig
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
      *
      * HMAC digest to use, e.g. 'SHA512' or 'SHA256'. Default value is 'SHA512'.
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $digest = 'SHA512';
+    public string $digest = 'SHA512';
+
+    /**
+     * Whether the cipher-text should be raw. If set to false, then it will be base64 encoded.
+     * This setting is only used by OpenSSLHandler.
+     *
+     * Set to false for CI3 Encryption compatibility.
+     */
+    public bool $rawData = true;
+
+    /**
+     * Encryption key info.
+     * This setting is only used by OpenSSLHandler.
+     *
+     * Set to 'encryption' for CI3 Encryption compatibility.
+     */
+    public string $encryptKeyInfo = '';
+
+    /**
+     * Authentication key info.
+     * This setting is only used by OpenSSLHandler.
+     *
+     * Set to 'authentication' for CI3 Encryption compatibility.
+     */
+    public string $authKeyInfo = '';
+
+    /**
+     * Cipher to use.
+     * This setting is only used by OpenSSLHandler.
+     *
+     * Set to 'AES-128-CBC' to decrypt encrypted data that encrypted
+     * by CI3 Encryption default configuration.
+     */
+    public string $cipher = 'AES-256-CTR';
 }
diff --git a/app/Config/Events.php b/app/Config/Events.php
index 183280e..993abd2 100644
--- a/app/Config/Events.php
+++ b/app/Config/Events.php
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ namespace Config;
 
 use CodeIgniter\Events\Events;
 use CodeIgniter\Exceptions\FrameworkException;
+use CodeIgniter\HotReloader\HotReloader;
 
 /*
  * --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -32,9 +33,7 @@ Events::on('pre_system', static function () {
             ob_end_flush();
         }
 
-        ob_start(static function ($buffer) {
-            return $buffer;
-        });
+        ob_start(static fn ($buffer) => $buffer);
     }
 
     /*
@@ -46,5 +45,11 @@ Events::on('pre_system', static function () {
     if (CI_DEBUG && ! is_cli()) {
         Events::on('DBQuery', 'CodeIgniter\Debug\Toolbar\Collectors\Database::collect');
         Services::toolbar()->respond();
+        // Hot Reload route - for framework use on the hot reloader.
+        if (ENVIRONMENT === 'development') {
+            Services::routes()->get('__hot-reload', static function () {
+                (new HotReloader())->run();
+            });
+        }
     }
 });
diff --git a/app/Config/Exceptions.php b/app/Config/Exceptions.php
index 7cbc78a..c240675 100644
--- a/app/Config/Exceptions.php
+++ b/app/Config/Exceptions.php
@@ -3,6 +3,10 @@
 namespace Config;
 
 use CodeIgniter\Config\BaseConfig;
+use CodeIgniter\Debug\ExceptionHandler;
+use CodeIgniter\Debug\ExceptionHandlerInterface;
+use Psr\Log\LogLevel;
+use Throwable;
 
 /**
  * Setup how the exception handler works.
@@ -17,10 +21,8 @@ class Exceptions extends BaseConfig
      * through Services::Log.
      *
      * Default: true
-     *
-     * @var bool
      */
-    public $log = true;
+    public bool $log = true;
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -29,9 +31,9 @@ class Exceptions extends BaseConfig
      * Any status codes here will NOT be logged if logging is turned on.
      * By default, only 404 (Page Not Found) exceptions are ignored.
      *
-     * @var array
+     * @var list<int>
      */
-    public $ignoreCodes = [404];
+    public array $ignoreCodes = [404];
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -41,10 +43,8 @@ class Exceptions extends BaseConfig
      * directories that hold the views used to generate errors.
      *
      * Default: APPPATH.'Views/errors'
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $errorViewPath = APPPATH . 'Views/errors';
+    public string $errorViewPath = APPPATH . 'Views/errors';
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -54,7 +54,55 @@ class Exceptions extends BaseConfig
      * In order to specify 2 levels, use "/" to separate.
      * ex. ['server', 'setup/password', 'secret_token']
      *
-     * @var array
+     * @var list<string>
      */
-    public $sensitiveDataInTrace = [];
+    public array $sensitiveDataInTrace = [];
+
+    /**
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * LOG DEPRECATIONS INSTEAD OF THROWING?
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * By default, CodeIgniter converts deprecations into exceptions. Also,
+     * starting in PHP 8.1 will cause a lot of deprecated usage warnings.
+     * Use this option to temporarily cease the warnings and instead log those.
+     * This option also works for user deprecations.
+     */
+    public bool $logDeprecations = true;
+
+    /**
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * LOG LEVEL THRESHOLD FOR DEPRECATIONS
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * If `$logDeprecations` is set to `true`, this sets the log level
+     * to which the deprecation will be logged. This should be one of the log
+     * levels recognized by PSR-3.
+     *
+     * The related `Config\Logger::$threshold` should be adjusted, if needed,
+     * to capture logging the deprecations.
+     */
+    public string $deprecationLogLevel = LogLevel::WARNING;
+
+    /*
+     * DEFINE THE HANDLERS USED
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Given the HTTP status code, returns exception handler that
+     * should be used to deal with this error. By default, it will run CodeIgniter's
+     * default handler and display the error information in the expected format
+     * for CLI, HTTP, or AJAX requests, as determined by is_cli() and the expected
+     * response format.
+     *
+     * Custom handlers can be returned if you want to handle one or more specific
+     * error codes yourself like:
+     *
+     *      if (in_array($statusCode, [400, 404, 500])) {
+     *          return new \App\Libraries\MyExceptionHandler();
+     *      }
+     *      if ($exception instanceOf PageNotFoundException) {
+     *          return new \App\Libraries\MyExceptionHandler();
+     *      }
+     */
+    public function handler(int $statusCode, Throwable $exception): ExceptionHandlerInterface
+    {
+        return new ExceptionHandler($this);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/app/Config/Feature.php b/app/Config/Feature.php
index af42534..efd4a0b 100644
--- a/app/Config/Feature.php
+++ b/app/Config/Feature.php
@@ -10,18 +10,20 @@ use CodeIgniter\Config\BaseConfig;
 class Feature extends BaseConfig
 {
     /**
-     * Enable multiple filters for a route or not
-     *
-     * If you enable this:
-     *   - CodeIgniter\CodeIgniter::handleRequest() uses:
-     *     - CodeIgniter\Filters\Filters::enableFilters(), instead of enableFilter()
-     *   - CodeIgniter\CodeIgniter::tryToRouteIt() uses:
-     *     - CodeIgniter\Router\Router::getFilters(), instead of getFilter()
-     *   - CodeIgniter\Router\Router::handle() uses:
-     *     - property $filtersInfo, instead of $filterInfo
-     *     - CodeIgniter\Router\RouteCollection::getFiltersForRoute(), instead of getFilterForRoute()
-     *
-     * @var bool
+     * Use improved new auto routing instead of the default legacy version.
      */
-    public $multipleFilters = false;
+    public bool $autoRoutesImproved = false;
+
+    /**
+     * Use filter execution order in 4.4 or before.
+     */
+    public bool $oldFilterOrder = false;
+
+    /**
+     * The behavior of `limit(0)` in Query Builder.
+     *
+     * If true, `limit(0)` returns all records. (the behavior of 4.4.x or before in version 4.x.)
+     * If false, `limit(0)` returns no records. (the behavior of 3.1.9 or later in version 3.x.)
+     */
+    public bool $limitZeroAsAll = true;
 }
diff --git a/app/Config/Filters.php b/app/Config/Filters.php
index df90270..eb46a1d 100644
--- a/app/Config/Filters.php
+++ b/app/Config/Filters.php
@@ -2,39 +2,80 @@
 
 namespace Config;
 
-use CodeIgniter\Config\BaseConfig;
+use CodeIgniter\Config\Filters as BaseFilters;
+use CodeIgniter\Filters\Cors;
 use CodeIgniter\Filters\CSRF;
 use CodeIgniter\Filters\DebugToolbar;
+use CodeIgniter\Filters\ForceHTTPS;
 use CodeIgniter\Filters\Honeypot;
+use CodeIgniter\Filters\InvalidChars;
+use CodeIgniter\Filters\PageCache;
+use CodeIgniter\Filters\PerformanceMetrics;
+use CodeIgniter\Filters\SecureHeaders;
 
-class Filters extends BaseConfig
+class Filters extends BaseFilters
 {
     /**
      * Configures aliases for Filter classes to
      * make reading things nicer and simpler.
      *
-     * @var array
+     * @var array<string, class-string|list<class-string>>
+     *
+     * [filter_name => classname]
+     * or [filter_name => [classname1, classname2, ...]]
      */
-    public $aliases = [
-        'csrf'     => CSRF::class,
-        'toolbar'  => DebugToolbar::class,
-        'honeypot' => Honeypot::class,
+    public array $aliases = [
+        'csrf'          => CSRF::class,
+        'toolbar'       => DebugToolbar::class,
+        'honeypot'      => Honeypot::class,
+        'invalidchars'  => InvalidChars::class,
+        'secureheaders' => SecureHeaders::class,
+        'cors'          => Cors::class,
+        'forcehttps'    => ForceHTTPS::class,
+        'pagecache'     => PageCache::class,
+        'performance'   => PerformanceMetrics::class,
+    ];
+
+    /**
+     * List of special required filters.
+     *
+     * The filters listed here are special. They are applied before and after
+     * other kinds of filters, and always applied even if a route does not exist.
+     *
+     * Filters set by default provide framework functionality. If removed,
+     * those functions will no longer work.
+     *
+     * @see https://codeigniter.com/user_guide/incoming/filters.html#provided-filters
+     *
+     * @var array{before: list<string>, after: list<string>}
+     */
+    public array $required = [
+        'before' => [
+            'forcehttps', // Force Global Secure Requests
+            'pagecache',  // Web Page Caching
+        ],
+        'after' => [
+            'pagecache',   // Web Page Caching
+            'performance', // Performance Metrics
+            'toolbar',     // Debug Toolbar
+        ],
     ];
 
     /**
      * List of filter aliases that are always
      * applied before and after every request.
      *
-     * @var array
+     * @var array<string, array<string, array<string, string>>>|array<string, list<string>>
      */
-    public $globals = [
+    public array $globals = [
         'before' => [
             // 'honeypot',
             // 'csrf',
+            // 'invalidchars',
         ],
         'after' => [
-            'toolbar',
             // 'honeypot',
+            // 'secureheaders',
         ],
     ];
 
@@ -43,11 +84,15 @@ class Filters extends BaseConfig
      * particular HTTP method (GET, POST, etc.).
      *
      * Example:
-     * 'post' => ['csrf', 'throttle']
+     * 'POST' => ['foo', 'bar']
      *
-     * @var array
+     * If you use this, you should disable auto-routing because auto-routing
+     * permits any HTTP method to access a controller. Accessing the controller
+     * with a method you don't expect could bypass the filter.
+     *
+     * @var array<string, list<string>>
      */
-    public $methods = [];
+    public array $methods = [];
 
     /**
      * List of filter aliases that should run on any
@@ -56,7 +101,7 @@ class Filters extends BaseConfig
      * Example:
      * 'isLoggedIn' => ['before' => ['account/*', 'profiles/*']]
      *
-     * @var array
+     * @var array<string, array<string, list<string>>>
      */
-    public $filters = [];
+    public array $filters = [];
 }
diff --git a/app/Config/ForeignCharacters.php b/app/Config/ForeignCharacters.php
index 174ddb1..f1a9572 100644
--- a/app/Config/ForeignCharacters.php
+++ b/app/Config/ForeignCharacters.php
@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@ namespace Config;
 
 use CodeIgniter\Config\ForeignCharacters as BaseForeignCharacters;
 
+/**
+ * @immutable
+ */
 class ForeignCharacters extends BaseForeignCharacters
 {
 }
diff --git a/app/Config/Format.php b/app/Config/Format.php
index 533540e..3de98d7 100644
--- a/app/Config/Format.php
+++ b/app/Config/Format.php
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ namespace Config;
 
 use CodeIgniter\Config\BaseConfig;
 use CodeIgniter\Format\FormatterInterface;
+use CodeIgniter\Format\JSONFormatter;
+use CodeIgniter\Format\XMLFormatter;
 
 class Format extends BaseConfig
 {
@@ -20,9 +22,9 @@ class Format extends BaseConfig
      * These formats are only checked when the data passed to the respond()
      * method is an array.
      *
-     * @var string[]
+     * @var list<string>
      */
-    public $supportedResponseFormats = [
+    public array $supportedResponseFormats = [
         'application/json',
         'application/xml', // machine-readable XML
         'text/xml', // human-readable XML
@@ -39,10 +41,10 @@ class Format extends BaseConfig
      *
      * @var array<string, string>
      */
-    public $formatters = [
-        'application/json' => 'CodeIgniter\Format\JSONFormatter',
-        'application/xml'  => 'CodeIgniter\Format\XMLFormatter',
-        'text/xml'         => 'CodeIgniter\Format\XMLFormatter',
+    public array $formatters = [
+        'application/json' => JSONFormatter::class,
+        'application/xml'  => XMLFormatter::class,
+        'text/xml'         => XMLFormatter::class,
     ];
 
     /**
@@ -55,7 +57,7 @@ class Format extends BaseConfig
      *
      * @var array<string, int>
      */
-    public $formatterOptions = [
+    public array $formatterOptions = [
         'application/json' => JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE | JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES,
         'application/xml'  => 0,
         'text/xml'         => 0,
diff --git a/app/Config/Generators.php b/app/Config/Generators.php
index 11214fd..cc92c7a 100644
--- a/app/Config/Generators.php
+++ b/app/Config/Generators.php
@@ -23,9 +23,13 @@ class Generators extends BaseConfig
      *
      * YOU HAVE BEEN WARNED!
      *
-     * @var array<string, string>
+     * @var array<string, array<string, string>|string>
      */
-    public $views = [
+    public array $views = [
+        'make:cell' => [
+            'class' => 'CodeIgniter\Commands\Generators\Views\cell.tpl.php',
+            'view'  => 'CodeIgniter\Commands\Generators\Views\cell_view.tpl.php',
+        ],
         'make:command'      => 'CodeIgniter\Commands\Generators\Views\command.tpl.php',
         'make:config'       => 'CodeIgniter\Commands\Generators\Views\config.tpl.php',
         'make:controller'   => 'CodeIgniter\Commands\Generators\Views\controller.tpl.php',
diff --git a/app/Config/Honeypot.php b/app/Config/Honeypot.php
index 42b5a0d..67ebcb0 100644
--- a/app/Config/Honeypot.php
+++ b/app/Config/Honeypot.php
@@ -8,36 +8,35 @@ class Honeypot extends BaseConfig
 {
     /**
      * Makes Honeypot visible or not to human
-     *
-     * @var bool
      */
-    public $hidden = true;
+    public bool $hidden = true;
 
     /**
      * Honeypot Label Content
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $label = 'Fill This Field';
+    public string $label = 'Fill This Field';
 
     /**
      * Honeypot Field Name
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $name = 'honeypot';
+    public string $name = 'honeypot';
 
     /**
      * Honeypot HTML Template
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $template = '<label>{label}</label><input type="text" name="{name}" value=""/>';
+    public string $template = '<label>{label}</label><input type="text" name="{name}" value="">';
 
     /**
      * Honeypot container
      *
-     * @var string
+     * If you enabled CSP, you can remove `style="display:none"`.
      */
-    public $container = '<div style="display:none">{template}</div>';
+    public string $container = '<div style="display:none">{template}</div>';
+
+    /**
+     * The id attribute for Honeypot container tag
+     *
+     * Used when CSP is enabled.
+     */
+    public string $containerId = 'hpc';
 }
diff --git a/app/Config/Images.php b/app/Config/Images.php
index 1c15d81..a33ddad 100644
--- a/app/Config/Images.php
+++ b/app/Config/Images.php
@@ -10,25 +10,21 @@ class Images extends BaseConfig
 {
     /**
      * Default handler used if no other handler is specified.
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $defaultHandler = 'gd';
+    public string $defaultHandler = 'gd';
 
     /**
      * The path to the image library.
      * Required for ImageMagick, GraphicsMagick, or NetPBM.
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $libraryPath = '/usr/local/bin/convert';
+    public string $libraryPath = '/usr/local/bin/convert';
 
     /**
      * The available handler classes.
      *
      * @var array<string, string>
      */
-    public $handlers = [
+    public array $handlers = [
         'gd'      => GDHandler::class,
         'imagick' => ImageMagickHandler::class,
     ];
diff --git a/app/Config/Kint.php b/app/Config/Kint.php
index b1016ed..d070782 100644
--- a/app/Config/Kint.php
+++ b/app/Config/Kint.php
@@ -2,8 +2,10 @@
 
 namespace Config;
 
-use CodeIgniter\Config\BaseConfig;
-use Kint\Renderer\Renderer;
+use Kint\Parser\ConstructablePluginInterface;
+use Kint\Renderer\AbstractRenderer;
+use Kint\Renderer\Rich\TabPluginInterface;
+use Kint\Renderer\Rich\ValuePluginInterface;
 
 /**
  * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -15,7 +17,7 @@ use Kint\Renderer\Renderer;
  *
  * @see https://kint-php.github.io/kint/ for details on these settings.
  */
-class Kint extends BaseConfig
+class Kint
 {
     /*
     |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -23,20 +25,32 @@ class Kint extends BaseConfig
     |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
     */
 
+    /**
+     * @var list<class-string<ConstructablePluginInterface>|ConstructablePluginInterface>|null
+     */
     public $plugins;
-    public $maxDepth          = 6;
-    public $displayCalledFrom = true;
-    public $expanded          = false;
+
+    public int $maxDepth           = 6;
+    public bool $displayCalledFrom = true;
+    public bool $expanded          = false;
 
     /*
     |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
     | RichRenderer Settings
     |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
     */
-    public $richTheme  = 'aante-light.css';
-    public $richFolder = false;
-    public $richSort   = Renderer::SORT_FULL;
+    public string $richTheme = 'aante-light.css';
+    public bool $richFolder  = false;
+    public int $richSort     = AbstractRenderer::SORT_FULL;
+
+    /**
+     * @var array<string, class-string<ValuePluginInterface>>|null
+     */
     public $richObjectPlugins;
+
+    /**
+     * @var array<string, class-string<TabPluginInterface>>|null
+     */
     public $richTabPlugins;
 
     /*
@@ -44,8 +58,8 @@ class Kint extends BaseConfig
     | CLI Settings
     |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
     */
-    public $cliColors      = true;
-    public $cliForceUTF8   = false;
-    public $cliDetectWidth = true;
-    public $cliMinWidth    = 40;
+    public bool $cliColors      = true;
+    public bool $cliForceUTF8   = false;
+    public bool $cliDetectWidth = true;
+    public int $cliMinWidth     = 40;
 }
diff --git a/app/Config/Logger.php b/app/Config/Logger.php
index 769a151..ab6997e 100644
--- a/app/Config/Logger.php
+++ b/app/Config/Logger.php
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 namespace Config;
 
 use CodeIgniter\Config\BaseConfig;
+use CodeIgniter\Log\Handlers\FileHandler;
 
 class Logger extends BaseConfig
 {
@@ -35,9 +36,9 @@ class Logger extends BaseConfig
      * For a live site you'll usually enable Critical or higher (3) to be logged otherwise
      * your log files will fill up very fast.
      *
-     * @var array|int
+     * @var int|list<int>
      */
-    public $threshold = 9;
+    public $threshold = (ENVIRONMENT === 'production') ? 4 : 9;
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -46,10 +47,8 @@ class Logger extends BaseConfig
      *
      * Each item that is logged has an associated date. You can use PHP date
      * codes to set your own date formatting
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $dateFormat = 'Y-m-d H:i:s';
+    public string $dateFormat = 'Y-m-d H:i:s';
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -74,17 +73,15 @@ class Logger extends BaseConfig
      * Handlers are executed in the order defined in this array, starting with
      * the handler on top and continuing down.
      *
-     * @var array
+     * @var array<class-string, array<string, int|list<string>|string>>
      */
-    public $handlers = [
-
+    public array $handlers = [
         /*
          * --------------------------------------------------------------------
          * File Handler
          * --------------------------------------------------------------------
          */
-        'CodeIgniter\Log\Handlers\FileHandler' => [
-
+        FileHandler::class => [
             // The log levels that this handler will handle.
             'handles' => [
                 'critical',
@@ -102,7 +99,7 @@ class Logger extends BaseConfig
              * An extension of 'php' allows for protecting the log files via basic
              * scripting, when they are to be stored under a publicly accessible directory.
              *
-             * Note: Leaving it blank will default to 'log'.
+             * NOTE: Leaving it blank will default to 'log'.
              */
             'fileExtension' => '',
 
@@ -140,14 +137,14 @@ class Logger extends BaseConfig
          * Uncomment this block to use it.
          */
         // 'CodeIgniter\Log\Handlers\ErrorlogHandler' => [
-        // 		/* The log levels this handler can handle. */
-        // 		'handles' => ['critical', 'alert', 'emergency', 'debug', 'error', 'info', 'notice', 'warning'],
+        //     /* The log levels this handler can handle. */
+        //     'handles' => ['critical', 'alert', 'emergency', 'debug', 'error', 'info', 'notice', 'warning'],
         //
-        // 		/*
-        // 		 * The message type where the error should go. Can be 0 or 4, or use the
-        // 		 * class constants: `ErrorlogHandler::TYPE_OS` (0) or `ErrorlogHandler::TYPE_SAPI` (4)
-        // 		 */
-        // 		'messageType' => 0,
+        //     /*
+        //     * The message type where the error should go. Can be 0 or 4, or use the
+        //     * class constants: `ErrorlogHandler::TYPE_OS` (0) or `ErrorlogHandler::TYPE_SAPI` (4)
+        //     */
+        //     'messageType' => 0,
         // ],
     ];
 }
diff --git a/app/Config/Migrations.php b/app/Config/Migrations.php
index 91e80b4..1dec8b9 100644
--- a/app/Config/Migrations.php
+++ b/app/Config/Migrations.php
@@ -15,10 +15,8 @@ class Migrations extends BaseConfig
      *
      * You should enable migrations whenever you intend to do a schema migration
      * and disable it back when you're done.
-     *
-     * @var bool
      */
-    public $enabled = true;
+    public bool $enabled = true;
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -27,13 +25,9 @@ class Migrations extends BaseConfig
      *
      * This is the name of the table that will store the current migrations state.
      * When migrations runs it will store in a database table which migration
-     * level the system is at. It then compares the migration level in this
-     * table to the $config['migration_version'] if they are not the same it
-     * will migrate up. This must be set.
-     *
-     * @var string
+     * files have already been run.
      */
-    public $table = 'migrations';
+    public string $table = 'migrations';
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -42,14 +36,15 @@ class Migrations extends BaseConfig
      *
      * This is the format that will be used when creating new migrations
      * using the CLI command:
-     *   > php spark migrate:create
+     *   > php spark make:migration
      *
-     * Typical formats:
+     * NOTE: if you set an unsupported format, migration runner will not find
+     *       your migration files.
+     *
+     * Supported formats:
      * - YmdHis_
      * - Y-m-d-His_
      * - Y_m_d_His_
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $timestampFormat = 'Y-m-d-His_';
+    public string $timestampFormat = 'Y-m-d-His_';
 }
diff --git a/app/Config/Mimes.php b/app/Config/Mimes.php
index 973fb39..7722444 100644
--- a/app/Config/Mimes.php
+++ b/app/Config/Mimes.php
@@ -15,15 +15,17 @@ namespace Config;
  *
  * When working with mime types, please make sure you have the ´fileinfo´
  * extension enabled to reliably detect the media types.
+ *
+ * @immutable
  */
 class Mimes
 {
     /**
      * Map of extensions to mime types.
      *
-     * @var array
+     * @var array<string, list<string>|string>
      */
-    public static $mimes = [
+    public static array $mimes = [
         'hqx' => [
             'application/mac-binhex40',
             'application/mac-binhex',
@@ -55,6 +57,8 @@ class Mimes
         'lzh' => 'application/octet-stream',
         'exe' => [
             'application/octet-stream',
+            'application/vnd.microsoft.portable-executable',
+            'application/x-dosexec',
             'application/x-msdownload',
         ],
         'class' => 'application/octet-stream',
@@ -102,8 +106,6 @@ class Mimes
         ],
         'pptx' => [
             'application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation',
-            'application/x-zip',
-            'application/zip',
         ],
         'wbxml' => 'application/wbxml',
         'wmlc'  => 'application/wmlc',
@@ -260,6 +262,7 @@ class Mimes
             'image/png',
             'image/x-png',
         ],
+        'webp' => 'image/webp',
         'tif'  => 'image/tiff',
         'tiff' => 'image/tiff',
         'css'  => [
@@ -509,22 +512,21 @@ class Mimes
     {
         $type = trim(strtolower($type), '. ');
 
-        $proposedExtension = trim(strtolower($proposedExtension));
+        $proposedExtension = trim(strtolower($proposedExtension ?? ''));
 
-        if ($proposedExtension !== '') {
-            if (array_key_exists($proposedExtension, static::$mimes) && in_array($type, is_string(static::$mimes[$proposedExtension]) ? [static::$mimes[$proposedExtension]] : static::$mimes[$proposedExtension], true)) {
-                // The detected mime type matches with the proposed extension.
-                return $proposedExtension;
-            }
-
-            // An extension was proposed, but the media type does not match the mime type list.
-            return null;
+        if (
+            $proposedExtension !== ''
+            && array_key_exists($proposedExtension, static::$mimes)
+            && in_array($type, (array) static::$mimes[$proposedExtension], true)
+        ) {
+            // The detected mime type matches with the proposed extension.
+            return $proposedExtension;
         }
 
         // Reverse check the mime type list if no extension was proposed.
         // This search is order sensitive!
         foreach (static::$mimes as $ext => $types) {
-            if ((is_string($types) && $types === $type) || (is_array($types) && in_array($type, $types, true))) {
+            if (in_array($type, (array) $types, true)) {
                 return $ext;
             }
         }
diff --git a/app/Config/Modules.php b/app/Config/Modules.php
index bde4079..8d4bf56 100644
--- a/app/Config/Modules.php
+++ b/app/Config/Modules.php
@@ -4,6 +4,14 @@ namespace Config;
 
 use CodeIgniter\Modules\Modules as BaseModules;
 
+/**
+ * Modules Configuration.
+ *
+ * NOTE: This class is required prior to Autoloader instantiation,
+ *       and does not extend BaseConfig.
+ *
+ * @immutable
+ */
 class Modules extends BaseModules
 {
     /**
@@ -31,6 +39,29 @@ class Modules extends BaseModules
      */
     public $discoverInComposer = true;
 
+    /**
+     * The Composer package list for Auto-Discovery
+     * This setting is optional.
+     *
+     * E.g.:
+     *   [
+     *       'only' => [
+     *           // List up all packages to auto-discover
+     *           'codeigniter4/shield',
+     *       ],
+     *   ]
+     *   or
+     *   [
+     *       'exclude' => [
+     *           // List up packages to exclude.
+     *           'pestphp/pest',
+     *       ],
+     *   ]
+     *
+     * @var array{only?: list<string>, exclude?: list<string>}
+     */
+    public $composerPackages = [];
+
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
      * Auto-Discovery Rules
@@ -41,7 +72,7 @@ class Modules extends BaseModules
      *
      * If it is not listed, only the base application elements will be used.
      *
-     * @var string[]
+     * @var list<string>
      */
     public $aliases = [
         'events',
diff --git a/app/Config/Optimize.php b/app/Config/Optimize.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6fb441f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Config/Optimize.php
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Config;
+
+/**
+ * Optimization Configuration.
+ *
+ * NOTE: This class does not extend BaseConfig for performance reasons.
+ *       So you cannot replace the property values with Environment Variables.
+ *
+ * @immutable
+ */
+class Optimize
+{
+    /**
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Config Caching
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     *
+     * @see https://codeigniter.com/user_guide/concepts/factories.html#config-caching
+     */
+    public bool $configCacheEnabled = false;
+
+    /**
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Config Caching
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     *
+     * @see https://codeigniter.com/user_guide/concepts/autoloader.html#file-locator-caching
+     */
+    public bool $locatorCacheEnabled = false;
+}
diff --git a/app/Config/Pager.php b/app/Config/Pager.php
index 9225753..e341f4d 100644
--- a/app/Config/Pager.php
+++ b/app/Config/Pager.php
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ class Pager extends BaseConfig
      *
      * @var array<string, string>
      */
-    public $templates = [
+    public array $templates = [
         'default_full'   => 'CodeIgniter\Pager\Views\default_full',
         'default_simple' => 'CodeIgniter\Pager\Views\default_simple',
         'default_head'   => 'CodeIgniter\Pager\Views\default_head',
@@ -32,8 +32,6 @@ class Pager extends BaseConfig
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
      *
      * The default number of results shown in a single page.
-     *
-     * @var int
      */
-    public $perPage = 20;
+    public int $perPage = 20;
 }
diff --git a/app/Config/Paths.php b/app/Config/Paths.php
index d97bbb3..58217f2 100644
--- a/app/Config/Paths.php
+++ b/app/Config/Paths.php
@@ -12,6 +12,11 @@ namespace Config;
  * share a system folder between multiple applications, and more.
  *
  * All paths are relative to the project's root folder.
+ *
+ * NOTE: This class is required prior to Autoloader instantiation,
+ *       and does not extend BaseConfig.
+ *
+ * @immutable
  */
 class Paths
 {
@@ -22,10 +27,8 @@ class Paths
      *
      * This must contain the name of your "system" folder. Include
      * the path if the folder is not in the same directory as this file.
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $systemDirectory = __DIR__ . '/../../vendor/codeigniter4/framework/system';
+    public string $systemDirectory = __DIR__ . '/../../vendor/codeigniter4/framework/system';
 
     /**
      * ---------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -34,14 +37,12 @@ class Paths
      *
      * If you want this front controller to use a different "app"
      * folder than the default one you can set its name here. The folder
-     * can also be renamed or relocated anywhere on your getServer. If
-     * you do, use a full getServer path.
+     * can also be renamed or relocated anywhere on your server. If
+     * you do, use a full server path.
      *
      * @see http://codeigniter.com/user_guide/general/managing_apps.html
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $appDirectory = __DIR__ . '/..';
+    public string $appDirectory = __DIR__ . '/..';
 
     /**
      * ---------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -53,10 +54,8 @@ class Paths
      * need write permission to a single place that can be tucked away
      * for maximum security, keeping it out of the app and/or
      * system directories.
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $writableDirectory = __DIR__ . '/../../writable';
+    public string $writableDirectory = __DIR__ . '/../../writable';
 
     /**
      * ---------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -64,10 +63,8 @@ class Paths
      * ---------------------------------------------------------------
      *
      * This variable must contain the name of your "tests" directory.
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $testsDirectory = __DIR__ . '/../../tests';
+    public string $testsDirectory = __DIR__ . '/../../tests';
 
     /**
      * ---------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -78,8 +75,6 @@ class Paths
      * contains the view files used by your application. By
      * default this is in `app/Views`. This value
      * is used when no value is provided to `Services::renderer()`.
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $viewDirectory = __DIR__ . '/../Views';
+    public string $viewDirectory = __DIR__ . '/../Views';
 }
diff --git a/app/Config/Publisher.php b/app/Config/Publisher.php
index f3768bc..bf03be1 100644
--- a/app/Config/Publisher.php
+++ b/app/Config/Publisher.php
@@ -19,10 +19,10 @@ class Publisher extends BasePublisher
      * result in a PublisherException. Files that do no fit the
      * pattern will cause copy/merge to fail.
      *
-     * @var array<string,string>
+     * @var array<string, string>
      */
     public $restrictions = [
         ROOTPATH => '*',
-        FCPATH   => '#\.(?css|js|map|htm?|xml|json|webmanifest|tff|eot|woff?|gif|jpe?g|tiff?|png|webp|bmp|ico|svg)$#i',
+        FCPATH   => '#\.(s?css|js|map|html?|xml|json|webmanifest|ttf|eot|woff2?|gif|jpe?g|tiff?|png|webp|bmp|ico|svg)$#i',
     ];
 }
diff --git a/app/Config/Routes.php b/app/Config/Routes.php
index e08876e..72fd1f7 100644
--- a/app/Config/Routes.php
+++ b/app/Config/Routes.php
@@ -1,56 +1,13 @@
 <?php
 
-namespace Config;
+use CodeIgniter\Router\RouteCollection;
 
-// Create a new instance of our RouteCollection class.
-$routes = Services::routes();
-
-// Load the system's routing file first, so that the app and ENVIRONMENT
-// can override as needed.
-if (file_exists(SYSTEMPATH . 'Config/Routes.php')) {
-    require SYSTEMPATH . 'Config/Routes.php';
-}
-
-/*
- * --------------------------------------------------------------------
- * Router Setup
- * --------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+ * @var RouteCollection $routes
  */
-$routes->setDefaultNamespace('App\Controllers');
-$routes->setDefaultController('Home');
-$routes->setDefaultMethod('index');
-$routes->setTranslateURIDashes(false);
-$routes->set404Override();
-$routes->setAutoRoute(true);
-
-/*
- * --------------------------------------------------------------------
- * Route Definitions
- * --------------------------------------------------------------------
- */
-
-// We get a performance increase by specifying the default
-// route since we don't have to scan directories.
 $routes->get('/', 'Home::index');
-
-/*
- * --------------------------------------------------------------------
- * Additional Routing
- * --------------------------------------------------------------------
- *
- * There will often be times that you need additional routing and you
- * need it to be able to override any defaults in this file. Environment
- * based routes is one such time. require() additional route files here
- * to make that happen.
- *
- * You will have access to the $routes object within that file without
- * needing to reload it.
- */
-if (file_exists(APPPATH . 'Config/' . ENVIRONMENT . '/Routes.php')) {
-    require APPPATH . 'Config/' . ENVIRONMENT . '/Routes.php';
-}
-
-$routes->add('user/(:any)', 'Users::user/$1');
-$routes->add('car/(:any)', 'Cars::index/$1');
-$routes->add('track/(:any)', 'Tracks::index/$1');
-$routes->add('race/(:num)', 'Races::index/$1');
\ No newline at end of file
+$routes->get('user/(:any)', 'Users::user/$1');
+$routes->get('car/(:any)', 'Cars::index/$1');
+$routes->get('track/(:any)', 'Tracks::index/$1');
+$routes->get('race/(:num)', 'Races::index/$1');
+$routes->get('users', 'Users::index');
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/Config/Routing.php b/app/Config/Routing.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7abadc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Config/Routing.php
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+<?php
+
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace Config;
+
+use CodeIgniter\Config\Routing as BaseRouting;
+
+/**
+ * Routing configuration
+ */
+class Routing extends BaseRouting
+{
+    /**
+     * For Defined Routes.
+     * An array of files that contain route definitions.
+     * Route files are read in order, with the first match
+     * found taking precedence.
+     *
+     * Default: APPPATH . 'Config/Routes.php'
+     *
+     * @var list<string>
+     */
+    public array $routeFiles = [
+        APPPATH . 'Config/Routes.php',
+    ];
+
+    /**
+     * For Defined Routes and Auto Routing.
+     * The default namespace to use for Controllers when no other
+     * namespace has been specified.
+     *
+     * Default: 'App\Controllers'
+     */
+    public string $defaultNamespace = 'App\Controllers';
+
+    /**
+     * For Auto Routing.
+     * The default controller to use when no other controller has been
+     * specified.
+     *
+     * Default: 'Home'
+     */
+    public string $defaultController = 'Home';
+
+    /**
+     * For Defined Routes and Auto Routing.
+     * The default method to call on the controller when no other
+     * method has been set in the route.
+     *
+     * Default: 'index'
+     */
+    public string $defaultMethod = 'index';
+
+    /**
+     * For Auto Routing.
+     * Whether to translate dashes in URIs for controller/method to underscores.
+     * Primarily useful when using the auto-routing.
+     *
+     * Default: false
+     */
+    public bool $translateURIDashes = false;
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the class/method that should be called if routing doesn't
+     * find a match. It can be the controller/method name like: Users::index
+     *
+     * This setting is passed to the Router class and handled there.
+     *
+     * If you want to use a closure, you will have to set it in the
+     * routes file by calling:
+     *
+     * $routes->set404Override(function() {
+     *    // Do something here
+     * });
+     *
+     * Example:
+     *  public $override404 = 'App\Errors::show404';
+     */
+    public ?string $override404 = null;
+
+    /**
+     * If TRUE, the system will attempt to match the URI against
+     * Controllers by matching each segment against folders/files
+     * in APPPATH/Controllers, when a match wasn't found against
+     * defined routes.
+     *
+     * If FALSE, will stop searching and do NO automatic routing.
+     */
+    public bool $autoRoute = false;
+
+    /**
+     * For Defined Routes.
+     * If TRUE, will enable the use of the 'prioritize' option
+     * when defining routes.
+     *
+     * Default: false
+     */
+    public bool $prioritize = false;
+
+    /**
+     * For Defined Routes.
+     * If TRUE, matched multiple URI segments will be passed as one parameter.
+     *
+     * Default: false
+     */
+    public bool $multipleSegmentsOneParam = false;
+
+    /**
+     * For Auto Routing (Improved).
+     * Map of URI segments and namespaces.
+     *
+     * The key is the first URI segment. The value is the controller namespace.
+     * E.g.,
+     *   [
+     *       'blog' => 'Acme\Blog\Controllers',
+     *   ]
+     *
+     * @var array<string, string>
+     */
+    public array $moduleRoutes = [];
+
+    /**
+     * For Auto Routing (Improved).
+     * Whether to translate dashes in URIs for controller/method to CamelCase.
+     * E.g., blog-controller -> BlogController
+     *
+     * If you enable this, $translateURIDashes is ignored.
+     *
+     * Default: false
+     */
+    public bool $translateUriToCamelCase = false;
+}
diff --git a/app/Config/Security.php b/app/Config/Security.php
index 563cf2f..0858b9b 100644
--- a/app/Config/Security.php
+++ b/app/Config/Security.php
@@ -15,7 +15,16 @@ class Security extends BaseConfig
      *
      * @var string 'cookie' or 'session'
      */
-    public $csrfProtection = 'cookie';
+    public string $csrfProtection = 'cookie';
+
+    /**
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * CSRF Token Randomization
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     *
+     * Randomize the CSRF Token for added security.
+     */
+    public bool $tokenRandomize = false;
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -23,10 +32,8 @@ class Security extends BaseConfig
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
      *
      * Token name for Cross Site Request Forgery protection.
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $tokenName = 'csrf_test_name';
+    public string $tokenName = 'csrf_test_name';
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -34,10 +41,8 @@ class Security extends BaseConfig
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
      *
      * Header name for Cross Site Request Forgery protection.
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $headerName = 'X-CSRF-TOKEN';
+    public string $headerName = 'X-CSRF-TOKEN';
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -45,10 +50,8 @@ class Security extends BaseConfig
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
      *
      * Cookie name for Cross Site Request Forgery protection.
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $cookieName = 'csrf_cookie_name';
+    public string $cookieName = 'csrf_cookie_name';
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -58,10 +61,8 @@ class Security extends BaseConfig
      * Expiration time for Cross Site Request Forgery protection cookie.
      *
      * Defaults to two hours (in seconds).
-     *
-     * @var int
      */
-    public $expires = 7200;
+    public int $expires = 7200;
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -69,10 +70,8 @@ class Security extends BaseConfig
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
      *
      * Regenerate CSRF Token on every submission.
-     *
-     * @var bool
      */
-    public $regenerate = true;
+    public bool $regenerate = true;
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -81,9 +80,9 @@ class Security extends BaseConfig
      *
      * Redirect to previous page with error on failure.
      *
-     * @var bool
+     * @see https://codeigniter4.github.io/userguide/libraries/security.html#redirection-on-failure
      */
-    public $redirect = true;
+    public bool $redirect = (ENVIRONMENT === 'production');
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -98,9 +97,7 @@ class Security extends BaseConfig
      *
      * @see https://portswigger.net/web-security/csrf/samesite-cookies
      *
-     * @var string
-     *
-     * @deprecated
+     * @deprecated `Config\Cookie` $samesite property is used.
      */
-    public $samesite = 'Lax';
+    public string $samesite = 'Lax';
 }
diff --git a/app/Config/Session.php b/app/Config/Session.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6944710
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Config/Session.php
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Config;
+
+use CodeIgniter\Config\BaseConfig;
+use CodeIgniter\Session\Handlers\BaseHandler;
+use CodeIgniter\Session\Handlers\FileHandler;
+
+class Session extends BaseConfig
+{
+    /**
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Session Driver
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     *
+     * The session storage driver to use:
+     * - `CodeIgniter\Session\Handlers\FileHandler`
+     * - `CodeIgniter\Session\Handlers\DatabaseHandler`
+     * - `CodeIgniter\Session\Handlers\MemcachedHandler`
+     * - `CodeIgniter\Session\Handlers\RedisHandler`
+     *
+     * @var class-string<BaseHandler>
+     */
+    public string $driver = FileHandler::class;
+
+    /**
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Session Cookie Name
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     *
+     * The session cookie name, must contain only [0-9a-z_-] characters
+     */
+    public string $cookieName = 'ci_session';
+
+    /**
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Session Expiration
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     *
+     * The number of SECONDS you want the session to last.
+     * Setting to 0 (zero) means expire when the browser is closed.
+     */
+    public int $expiration = 7200;
+
+    /**
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Session Save Path
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     *
+     * The location to save sessions to and is driver dependent.
+     *
+     * For the 'files' driver, it's a path to a writable directory.
+     * WARNING: Only absolute paths are supported!
+     *
+     * For the 'database' driver, it's a table name.
+     * Please read up the manual for the format with other session drivers.
+     *
+     * IMPORTANT: You are REQUIRED to set a valid save path!
+     */
+    public string $savePath = WRITEPATH . 'session';
+
+    /**
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Session Match IP
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     *
+     * Whether to match the user's IP address when reading the session data.
+     *
+     * WARNING: If you're using the database driver, don't forget to update
+     *          your session table's PRIMARY KEY when changing this setting.
+     */
+    public bool $matchIP = false;
+
+    /**
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Session Time to Update
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     *
+     * How many seconds between CI regenerating the session ID.
+     */
+    public int $timeToUpdate = 300;
+
+    /**
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Session Regenerate Destroy
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     *
+     * Whether to destroy session data associated with the old session ID
+     * when auto-regenerating the session ID. When set to FALSE, the data
+     * will be later deleted by the garbage collector.
+     */
+    public bool $regenerateDestroy = false;
+
+    /**
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Session Database Group
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     *
+     * DB Group for the database session.
+     */
+    public ?string $DBGroup = null;
+
+    /**
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Lock Retry Interval (microseconds)
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     *
+     * This is used for RedisHandler.
+     *
+     * Time (microseconds) to wait if lock cannot be acquired.
+     * The default is 100,000 microseconds (= 0.1 seconds).
+     */
+    public int $lockRetryInterval = 100_000;
+
+    /**
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Lock Max Retries
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     *
+     * This is used for RedisHandler.
+     *
+     * Maximum number of lock acquisition attempts.
+     * The default is 300 times. That is lock timeout is about 30 (0.1 * 300)
+     * seconds.
+     */
+    public int $lockMaxRetries = 300;
+}
diff --git a/app/Config/Toolbar.php b/app/Config/Toolbar.php
index 16a37e8..5a3e504 100644
--- a/app/Config/Toolbar.php
+++ b/app/Config/Toolbar.php
@@ -31,9 +31,9 @@ class Toolbar extends BaseConfig
      * List of toolbar collectors that will be called when Debug Toolbar
      * fires up and collects data from.
      *
-     * @var string[]
+     * @var list<class-string>
      */
-    public $collectors = [
+    public array $collectors = [
         Timers::class,
         Database::class,
         Logs::class,
@@ -44,6 +44,16 @@ class Toolbar extends BaseConfig
         Events::class,
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Collect Var Data
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     *
+     * If set to false var data from the views will not be collected. Useful to
+     * avoid high memory usage when there are lots of data passed to the view.
+     */
+    public bool $collectVarData = true;
+
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
      * Max History
@@ -52,10 +62,8 @@ class Toolbar extends BaseConfig
      * `$maxHistory` sets a limit on the number of past requests that are stored,
      * helping to conserve file space used to store them. You can set it to
      * 0 (zero) to not have any history stored, or -1 for unlimited history.
-     *
-     * @var int
      */
-    public $maxHistory = 20;
+    public int $maxHistory = 20;
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -64,10 +72,8 @@ class Toolbar extends BaseConfig
      *
      * The full path to the the views that are used by the toolbar.
      * This MUST have a trailing slash.
-     *
-     * @var string
      */
-    public $viewsPath = SYSTEMPATH . 'Debug/Toolbar/Views/';
+    public string $viewsPath = SYSTEMPATH . 'Debug/Toolbar/Views/';
 
     /**
      * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -80,8 +86,37 @@ class Toolbar extends BaseConfig
      * with hundreds of queries.
      *
      * `$maxQueries` defines the maximum amount of queries that will be stored.
-     *
-     * @var int
      */
-    public $maxQueries = 100;
+    public int $maxQueries = 100;
+
+    /**
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Watched Directories
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     *
+     * Contains an array of directories that will be watched for changes and
+     * used to determine if the hot-reload feature should reload the page or not.
+     * We restrict the values to keep performance as high as possible.
+     *
+     * NOTE: The ROOTPATH will be prepended to all values.
+     *
+     * @var list<string>
+     */
+    public array $watchedDirectories = [
+        'app',
+    ];
+
+    /**
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Watched File Extensions
+     * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     *
+     * Contains an array of file extensions that will be watched for changes and
+     * used to determine if the hot-reload feature should reload the page or not.
+     *
+     * @var list<string>
+     */
+    public array $watchedExtensions = [
+        'php', 'css', 'js', 'html', 'svg', 'json', 'env',
+    ];
 }
diff --git a/app/Config/UserAgents.php b/app/Config/UserAgents.php
index e1dbfa6..fda7374 100644
--- a/app/Config/UserAgents.php
+++ b/app/Config/UserAgents.php
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class UserAgents extends BaseConfig
      *
      * @var array<string, string>
      */
-    public $platforms = [
+    public array $platforms = [
         'windows nt 10.0' => 'Windows 10',
         'windows nt 6.3'  => 'Windows 8.1',
         'windows nt 6.2'  => 'Windows 8',
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ class UserAgents extends BaseConfig
      *
      * @var array<string, string>
      */
-    public $browsers = [
+    public array $browsers = [
         'OPR'    => 'Opera',
         'Flock'  => 'Flock',
         'Edge'   => 'Spartan',
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ class UserAgents extends BaseConfig
      *
      * @var array<string, string>
      */
-    public $mobiles = [
+    public array $mobiles = [
         // legacy array, old values commented out
         'mobileexplorer' => 'Mobile Explorer',
         // 'openwave'             => 'Open Wave',
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ class UserAgents extends BaseConfig
      *
      * @var array<string, string>
      */
-    public $robots = [
+    public array $robots = [
         'googlebot'            => 'Googlebot',
         'msnbot'               => 'MSNBot',
         'baiduspider'          => 'Baiduspider',
diff --git a/app/Config/Validation.php b/app/Config/Validation.php
index 1cff042..6342dbb 100644
--- a/app/Config/Validation.php
+++ b/app/Config/Validation.php
@@ -2,24 +2,25 @@
 
 namespace Config;
 
-use CodeIgniter\Validation\CreditCardRules;
-use CodeIgniter\Validation\FileRules;
-use CodeIgniter\Validation\FormatRules;
-use CodeIgniter\Validation\Rules;
+use CodeIgniter\Config\BaseConfig;
+use CodeIgniter\Validation\StrictRules\CreditCardRules;
+use CodeIgniter\Validation\StrictRules\FileRules;
+use CodeIgniter\Validation\StrictRules\FormatRules;
+use CodeIgniter\Validation\StrictRules\Rules;
 
-class Validation
+class Validation extends BaseConfig
 {
-    //--------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // --------------------------------------------------------------------
     // Setup
-    //--------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     /**
      * Stores the classes that contain the
      * rules that are available.
      *
-     * @var string[]
+     * @var list<string>
      */
-    public $ruleSets = [
+    public array $ruleSets = [
         Rules::class,
         FormatRules::class,
         FileRules::class,
@@ -32,12 +33,12 @@ class Validation
      *
      * @var array<string, string>
      */
-    public $templates = [
+    public array $templates = [
         'list'   => 'CodeIgniter\Validation\Views\list',
         'single' => 'CodeIgniter\Validation\Views\single',
     ];
 
-    //--------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // --------------------------------------------------------------------
     // Rules
-    //--------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // --------------------------------------------------------------------
 }
diff --git a/app/Config/View.php b/app/Config/View.php
index 024e830..cf8dd06 100644
--- a/app/Config/View.php
+++ b/app/Config/View.php
@@ -3,7 +3,12 @@
 namespace Config;
 
 use CodeIgniter\Config\View as BaseView;
+use CodeIgniter\View\ViewDecoratorInterface;
 
+/**
+ * @phpstan-type parser_callable (callable(mixed): mixed)
+ * @phpstan-type parser_callable_string (callable(mixed): mixed)&string
+ */
 class View extends BaseView
 {
     /**
@@ -29,7 +34,8 @@ class View extends BaseView
      *  { title|esc(js) }
      *  { created_on|date(Y-m-d)|esc(attr) }
      *
-     * @var array
+     * @var         array<string, string>
+     * @phpstan-var array<string, parser_callable_string>
      */
     public $filters = [];
 
@@ -38,7 +44,19 @@ class View extends BaseView
      * by the core Parser by creating aliases that will be replaced with
      * any callable. Can be single or tag pair.
      *
-     * @var array
+     * @var         array<string, callable|list<string>|string>
+     * @phpstan-var array<string, list<parser_callable_string>|parser_callable_string|parser_callable>
      */
     public $plugins = [];
+
+    /**
+     * View Decorators are class methods that will be run in sequence to
+     * have a chance to alter the generated output just prior to caching
+     * the results.
+     *
+     * All classes must implement CodeIgniter\View\ViewDecoratorInterface
+     *
+     * @var list<class-string<ViewDecoratorInterface>>
+     */
+    public array $decorators = [];
 }
diff --git a/composer.json b/composer.json
index 79be972..0144183 100644
--- a/composer.json
+++ b/composer.json
@@ -19,8 +19,6 @@
     },
     "autoload": {
         "psr-4": {
-            "App\\": "app",
-            "Config\\": "app/Config"
         },
         "exclude-from-classmap": [
             "**/Database/Migrations/**"
diff --git a/composer.lock b/composer.lock
index e4a1185..cf74713 100644
--- a/composer.lock
+++ b/composer.lock
@@ -8,39 +8,55 @@
     "packages": [
         {
             "name": "codeigniter4/framework",
-            "version": "v4.1.8",
+            "version": "v4.5.0",
             "source": {
                 "type": "git",
                 "url": "https://github.com/codeigniter4/framework.git",
-                "reference": "eabd7dc9ac803ac3c7549d1dea939fe98bd0e4db"
+                "reference": "365a46c12ab29b87f4b9a07fe54cb0a00a6e5301"
             },
             "dist": {
                 "type": "zip",
-                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/codeigniter4/framework/zipball/eabd7dc9ac803ac3c7549d1dea939fe98bd0e4db",
-                "reference": "eabd7dc9ac803ac3c7549d1dea939fe98bd0e4db",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/codeigniter4/framework/zipball/365a46c12ab29b87f4b9a07fe54cb0a00a6e5301",
+                "reference": "365a46c12ab29b87f4b9a07fe54cb0a00a6e5301",
                 "shasum": ""
             },
             "require": {
-                "ext-curl": "*",
                 "ext-intl": "*",
-                "ext-json": "*",
                 "ext-mbstring": "*",
-                "kint-php/kint": "^4.0",
-                "laminas/laminas-escaper": "^2.9",
-                "php": "^7.3 || ^8.0",
-                "psr/log": "^1.1"
+                "laminas/laminas-escaper": "^2.13",
+                "php": "^8.1",
+                "psr/log": "^3.0"
             },
             "require-dev": {
-                "codeigniter/coding-standard": "^1.1",
+                "codeigniter/coding-standard": "^1.7",
                 "fakerphp/faker": "^1.9",
-                "friendsofphp/php-cs-fixer": "^3.1",
+                "friendsofphp/php-cs-fixer": "^3.47.1",
+                "kint-php/kint": "^5.0.4",
                 "mikey179/vfsstream": "^1.6",
-                "nexusphp/cs-config": "^3.3",
-                "phpunit/phpunit": "^9.1",
-                "predis/predis": "^1.1"
+                "nexusphp/cs-config": "^3.6",
+                "phpunit/phpunit": "^10.5.16",
+                "predis/predis": "^1.1 || ^2.0"
             },
             "suggest": {
-                "ext-fileinfo": "Improves mime type detection for files"
+                "ext-curl": "If you use CURLRequest class",
+                "ext-dom": "If you use TestResponse",
+                "ext-exif": "If you run Image class tests",
+                "ext-fileinfo": "Improves mime type detection for files",
+                "ext-gd": "If you use Image class GDHandler",
+                "ext-imagick": "If you use Image class ImageMagickHandler",
+                "ext-libxml": "If you use TestResponse",
+                "ext-memcache": "If you use Cache class MemcachedHandler with Memcache",
+                "ext-memcached": "If you use Cache class MemcachedHandler with Memcached",
+                "ext-mysqli": "If you use MySQL",
+                "ext-oci8": "If you use Oracle Database",
+                "ext-pgsql": "If you use PostgreSQL",
+                "ext-readline": "Improves CLI::input() usability",
+                "ext-redis": "If you use Cache class RedisHandler",
+                "ext-simplexml": "If you format XML",
+                "ext-sodium": "If you use Encryption SodiumHandler",
+                "ext-sqlite3": "If you use SQLite3",
+                "ext-sqlsrv": "If you use SQL Server",
+                "ext-xdebug": "If you use CIUnitTestCase::assertHeaderEmitted()"
             },
             "type": "project",
             "autoload": {
@@ -58,24 +74,24 @@
             "description": "The CodeIgniter framework v4",
             "homepage": "https://codeigniter.com",
             "support": {
-                "forum": "http://forum.codeigniter.com/",
+                "forum": "https://forum.codeigniter.com/",
                 "slack": "https://codeigniterchat.slack.com",
                 "source": "https://github.com/codeigniter4/CodeIgniter4"
             },
-            "time": "2022-01-24T17:41:56+00:00"
+            "time": "2024-04-07T10:06:30+00:00"
         },
         {
             "name": "gregwar/captcha",
-            "version": "v1.1.9",
+            "version": "v1.2.1",
             "source": {
                 "type": "git",
                 "url": "https://github.com/Gregwar/Captcha.git",
-                "reference": "4bb668e6b40e3205a020ca5ee4ca8cff8b8780c5"
+                "reference": "229d3cdfe33d6f1349e0aec94a26e9205a6db08e"
             },
             "dist": {
                 "type": "zip",
-                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/Gregwar/Captcha/zipball/4bb668e6b40e3205a020ca5ee4ca8cff8b8780c5",
-                "reference": "4bb668e6b40e3205a020ca5ee4ca8cff8b8780c5",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/Gregwar/Captcha/zipball/229d3cdfe33d6f1349e0aec94a26e9205a6db08e",
+                "reference": "229d3cdfe33d6f1349e0aec94a26e9205a6db08e",
                 "shasum": ""
             },
             "require": {
@@ -87,7 +103,7 @@
             "require-dev": {
                 "phpunit/phpunit": "^6.4"
             },
-            "type": "captcha",
+            "type": "library",
             "autoload": {
                 "psr-4": {
                     "Gregwar\\": "src/Gregwar"
@@ -117,103 +133,39 @@
             ],
             "support": {
                 "issues": "https://github.com/Gregwar/Captcha/issues",
-                "source": "https://github.com/Gregwar/Captcha/tree/master"
+                "source": "https://github.com/Gregwar/Captcha/tree/v1.2.1"
             },
-            "time": "2020-03-24T14:39:05+00:00"
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "kint-php/kint",
-            "version": "4.1.1",
-            "source": {
-                "type": "git",
-                "url": "https://github.com/kint-php/kint.git",
-                "reference": "e64b939f9ceb9620abd982e2a66a3289fcf4e837"
-            },
-            "dist": {
-                "type": "zip",
-                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/kint-php/kint/zipball/e64b939f9ceb9620abd982e2a66a3289fcf4e837",
-                "reference": "e64b939f9ceb9620abd982e2a66a3289fcf4e837",
-                "shasum": ""
-            },
-            "require": {
-                "php": ">=5.6"
-            },
-            "require-dev": {
-                "friendsofphp/php-cs-fixer": "^3.0",
-                "phpspec/prophecy-phpunit": "^2",
-                "phpunit/phpunit": "^9.0",
-                "seld/phar-utils": "^1.0",
-                "symfony/finder": "^3.0 || ^4.0 || ^5.0",
-                "vimeo/psalm": "^4.0"
-            },
-            "suggest": {
-                "kint-php/kint-twig": "Provides d() and s() functions in twig templates"
-            },
-            "type": "library",
-            "autoload": {
-                "files": [
-                    "init.php"
-                ],
-                "psr-4": {
-                    "Kint\\": "src/"
-                }
-            },
-            "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
-            "license": [
-                "MIT"
-            ],
-            "authors": [
-                {
-                    "name": "Jonathan Vollebregt",
-                    "homepage": "https://github.com/jnvsor"
-                },
-                {
-                    "name": "Contributors",
-                    "homepage": "https://github.com/kint-php/kint/graphs/contributors"
-                }
-            ],
-            "description": "Kint - debugging tool for PHP developers",
-            "homepage": "https://kint-php.github.io/kint/",
-            "keywords": [
-                "debug",
-                "kint",
-                "php"
-            ],
-            "support": {
-                "issues": "https://github.com/kint-php/kint/issues",
-                "source": "https://github.com/kint-php/kint/tree/4.1.1"
-            },
-            "time": "2022-01-02T10:30:48+00:00"
+            "time": "2023-09-26T13:45:37+00:00"
         },
         {
             "name": "laminas/laminas-escaper",
-            "version": "2.9.0",
+            "version": "2.13.0",
             "source": {
                 "type": "git",
                 "url": "https://github.com/laminas/laminas-escaper.git",
-                "reference": "891ad70986729e20ed2e86355fcf93c9dc238a5f"
+                "reference": "af459883f4018d0f8a0c69c7a209daef3bf973ba"
             },
             "dist": {
                 "type": "zip",
-                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/laminas/laminas-escaper/zipball/891ad70986729e20ed2e86355fcf93c9dc238a5f",
-                "reference": "891ad70986729e20ed2e86355fcf93c9dc238a5f",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/laminas/laminas-escaper/zipball/af459883f4018d0f8a0c69c7a209daef3bf973ba",
+                "reference": "af459883f4018d0f8a0c69c7a209daef3bf973ba",
                 "shasum": ""
             },
             "require": {
-                "php": "^7.3 || ~8.0.0 || ~8.1.0"
+                "ext-ctype": "*",
+                "ext-mbstring": "*",
+                "php": "~8.1.0 || ~8.2.0 || ~8.3.0"
             },
             "conflict": {
                 "zendframework/zend-escaper": "*"
             },
             "require-dev": {
-                "laminas/laminas-coding-standard": "~2.3.0",
-                "phpunit/phpunit": "^9.3",
-                "psalm/plugin-phpunit": "^0.12.2",
-                "vimeo/psalm": "^3.16"
-            },
-            "suggest": {
-                "ext-iconv": "*",
-                "ext-mbstring": "*"
+                "infection/infection": "^0.27.0",
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             "dist": {
                 "type": "zip",
-                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/sebastianbergmann/exporter/zipball/65e8b7db476c5dd267e65eea9cab77584d3cfff9",
-                "reference": "65e8b7db476c5dd267e65eea9cab77584d3cfff9",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/sebastianbergmann/exporter/zipball/78c00df8f170e02473b682df15bfcdacc3d32d72",
+                "reference": "78c00df8f170e02473b682df15bfcdacc3d32d72",
                 "shasum": ""
             },
             "require": {
@@ -2116,7 +1703,7 @@
             ],
             "support": {
                 "issues": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/exporter/issues",
-                "source": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/exporter/tree/4.0.4"
+                "source": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/exporter/tree/4.0.6"
             },
             "funding": [
                 {
@@ -2124,20 +1711,20 @@
                     "type": "github"
                 }
             ],
-            "time": "2021-11-11T14:18:36+00:00"
+            "time": "2024-03-02T06:33:00+00:00"
         },
         {
             "name": "sebastian/global-state",
-            "version": "5.0.5",
+            "version": "5.0.7",
             "source": {
                 "type": "git",
                 "url": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/global-state.git",
-                "reference": "0ca8db5a5fc9c8646244e629625ac486fa286bf2"
+                "reference": "bca7df1f32ee6fe93b4d4a9abbf69e13a4ada2c9"
             },
             "dist": {
                 "type": "zip",
-                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/sebastianbergmann/global-state/zipball/0ca8db5a5fc9c8646244e629625ac486fa286bf2",
-                "reference": "0ca8db5a5fc9c8646244e629625ac486fa286bf2",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/sebastianbergmann/global-state/zipball/bca7df1f32ee6fe93b4d4a9abbf69e13a4ada2c9",
+                "reference": "bca7df1f32ee6fe93b4d4a9abbf69e13a4ada2c9",
                 "shasum": ""
             },
             "require": {
@@ -2180,7 +1767,7 @@
             ],
             "support": {
                 "issues": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/global-state/issues",
-                "source": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/global-state/tree/5.0.5"
+                "source": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/global-state/tree/5.0.7"
             },
             "funding": [
                 {
@@ -2188,24 +1775,24 @@
                     "type": "github"
                 }
             ],
-            "time": "2022-02-14T08:28:10+00:00"
+            "time": "2024-03-02T06:35:11+00:00"
         },
         {
             "name": "sebastian/lines-of-code",
-            "version": "1.0.3",
+            "version": "1.0.4",
             "source": {
                 "type": "git",
                 "url": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/lines-of-code.git",
-                "reference": "c1c2e997aa3146983ed888ad08b15470a2e22ecc"
+                "reference": "e1e4a170560925c26d424b6a03aed157e7dcc5c5"
             },
             "dist": {
                 "type": "zip",
-                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/sebastianbergmann/lines-of-code/zipball/c1c2e997aa3146983ed888ad08b15470a2e22ecc",
-                "reference": "c1c2e997aa3146983ed888ad08b15470a2e22ecc",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/sebastianbergmann/lines-of-code/zipball/e1e4a170560925c26d424b6a03aed157e7dcc5c5",
+                "reference": "e1e4a170560925c26d424b6a03aed157e7dcc5c5",
                 "shasum": ""
             },
             "require": {
-                "nikic/php-parser": "^4.6",
+                "nikic/php-parser": "^4.18 || ^5.0",
                 "php": ">=7.3"
             },
             "require-dev": {
@@ -2237,7 +1824,7 @@
             "homepage": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/lines-of-code",
             "support": {
                 "issues": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/lines-of-code/issues",
-                "source": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/lines-of-code/tree/1.0.3"
+                "source": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/lines-of-code/tree/1.0.4"
             },
             "funding": [
                 {
@@ -2245,7 +1832,7 @@
                     "type": "github"
                 }
             ],
-            "time": "2020-11-28T06:42:11+00:00"
+            "time": "2023-12-22T06:20:34+00:00"
         },
         {
             "name": "sebastian/object-enumerator",
@@ -2361,16 +1948,16 @@
         },
         {
             "name": "sebastian/recursion-context",
-            "version": "4.0.4",
+            "version": "4.0.5",
             "source": {
                 "type": "git",
                 "url": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/recursion-context.git",
-                "reference": "cd9d8cf3c5804de4341c283ed787f099f5506172"
+                "reference": "e75bd0f07204fec2a0af9b0f3cfe97d05f92efc1"
             },
             "dist": {
                 "type": "zip",
-                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/sebastianbergmann/recursion-context/zipball/cd9d8cf3c5804de4341c283ed787f099f5506172",
-                "reference": "cd9d8cf3c5804de4341c283ed787f099f5506172",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/sebastianbergmann/recursion-context/zipball/e75bd0f07204fec2a0af9b0f3cfe97d05f92efc1",
+                "reference": "e75bd0f07204fec2a0af9b0f3cfe97d05f92efc1",
                 "shasum": ""
             },
             "require": {
@@ -2409,10 +1996,10 @@
                 }
             ],
             "description": "Provides functionality to recursively process PHP variables",
-            "homepage": "http://www.github.com/sebastianbergmann/recursion-context",
+            "homepage": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/recursion-context",
             "support": {
                 "issues": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/recursion-context/issues",
-                "source": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/recursion-context/tree/4.0.4"
+                "source": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/recursion-context/tree/4.0.5"
             },
             "funding": [
                 {
@@ -2420,20 +2007,20 @@
                     "type": "github"
                 }
             ],
-            "time": "2020-10-26T13:17:30+00:00"
+            "time": "2023-02-03T06:07:39+00:00"
         },
         {
             "name": "sebastian/resource-operations",
-            "version": "3.0.3",
+            "version": "3.0.4",
             "source": {
                 "type": "git",
                 "url": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/resource-operations.git",
-                "reference": "0f4443cb3a1d92ce809899753bc0d5d5a8dd19a8"
+                "reference": "05d5692a7993ecccd56a03e40cd7e5b09b1d404e"
             },
             "dist": {
                 "type": "zip",
-                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/sebastianbergmann/resource-operations/zipball/0f4443cb3a1d92ce809899753bc0d5d5a8dd19a8",
-                "reference": "0f4443cb3a1d92ce809899753bc0d5d5a8dd19a8",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/sebastianbergmann/resource-operations/zipball/05d5692a7993ecccd56a03e40cd7e5b09b1d404e",
+                "reference": "05d5692a7993ecccd56a03e40cd7e5b09b1d404e",
                 "shasum": ""
             },
             "require": {
@@ -2445,7 +2032,7 @@
             "type": "library",
             "extra": {
                 "branch-alias": {
-                    "dev-master": "3.0-dev"
+                    "dev-main": "3.0-dev"
                 }
             },
             "autoload": {
@@ -2466,8 +2053,7 @@
             "description": "Provides a list of PHP built-in functions that operate on resources",
             "homepage": "https://www.github.com/sebastianbergmann/resource-operations",
             "support": {
-                "issues": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/resource-operations/issues",
-                "source": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/resource-operations/tree/3.0.3"
+                "source": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/resource-operations/tree/3.0.4"
             },
             "funding": [
                 {
@@ -2475,32 +2061,32 @@
                     "type": "github"
                 }
             ],
-            "time": "2020-09-28T06:45:17+00:00"
+            "time": "2024-03-14T16:00:52+00:00"
         },
         {
             "name": "sebastian/type",
-            "version": "2.3.4",
+            "version": "3.2.1",
             "source": {
                 "type": "git",
                 "url": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/type.git",
-                "reference": "b8cd8a1c753c90bc1a0f5372170e3e489136f914"
+                "reference": "75e2c2a32f5e0b3aef905b9ed0b179b953b3d7c7"
             },
             "dist": {
                 "type": "zip",
-                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/sebastianbergmann/type/zipball/b8cd8a1c753c90bc1a0f5372170e3e489136f914",
-                "reference": "b8cd8a1c753c90bc1a0f5372170e3e489136f914",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/sebastianbergmann/type/zipball/75e2c2a32f5e0b3aef905b9ed0b179b953b3d7c7",
+                "reference": "75e2c2a32f5e0b3aef905b9ed0b179b953b3d7c7",
                 "shasum": ""
             },
             "require": {
                 "php": ">=7.3"
             },
             "require-dev": {
-                "phpunit/phpunit": "^9.3"
+                "phpunit/phpunit": "^9.5"
             },
             "type": "library",
             "extra": {
                 "branch-alias": {
-                    "dev-master": "2.3-dev"
+                    "dev-master": "3.2-dev"
                 }
             },
             "autoload": {
@@ -2523,7 +2109,7 @@
             "homepage": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/type",
             "support": {
                 "issues": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/type/issues",
-                "source": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/type/tree/2.3.4"
+                "source": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/type/tree/3.2.1"
             },
             "funding": [
                 {
@@ -2531,7 +2117,7 @@
                     "type": "github"
                 }
             ],
-            "time": "2021-06-15T12:49:02+00:00"
+            "time": "2023-02-03T06:13:03+00:00"
         },
         {
             "name": "sebastian/version",
@@ -2587,44 +2173,35 @@
             "time": "2020-09-28T06:39:44+00:00"
         },
         {
-            "name": "symfony/polyfill-ctype",
-            "version": "v1.24.0",
+            "name": "symfony/deprecation-contracts",
+            "version": "v3.4.0",
             "source": {
                 "type": "git",
-                "url": "https://github.com/symfony/polyfill-ctype.git",
-                "reference": "30885182c981ab175d4d034db0f6f469898070ab"
+                "url": "https://github.com/symfony/deprecation-contracts.git",
+                "reference": "7c3aff79d10325257a001fcf92d991f24fc967cf"
             },
             "dist": {
                 "type": "zip",
-                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/symfony/polyfill-ctype/zipball/30885182c981ab175d4d034db0f6f469898070ab",
-                "reference": "30885182c981ab175d4d034db0f6f469898070ab",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/symfony/deprecation-contracts/zipball/7c3aff79d10325257a001fcf92d991f24fc967cf",
+                "reference": "7c3aff79d10325257a001fcf92d991f24fc967cf",
                 "shasum": ""
             },
             "require": {
-                "php": ">=7.1"
-            },
-            "provide": {
-                "ext-ctype": "*"
-            },
-            "suggest": {
-                "ext-ctype": "For best performance"
+                "php": ">=8.1"
             },
             "type": "library",
             "extra": {
                 "branch-alias": {
-                    "dev-main": "1.23-dev"
+                    "dev-main": "3.4-dev"
                 },
                 "thanks": {
-                    "name": "symfony/polyfill",
-                    "url": "https://github.com/symfony/polyfill"
+                    "name": "symfony/contracts",
+                    "url": "https://github.com/symfony/contracts"
                 }
             },
             "autoload": {
-                "psr-4": {
-                    "Symfony\\Polyfill\\Ctype\\": ""
-                },
                 "files": [
-                    "bootstrap.php"
+                    "function.php"
                 ]
             },
             "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
@@ -2633,24 +2210,18 @@
             ],
             "authors": [
                 {
-                    "name": "Gert de Pagter",
-                    "email": "BackEndTea@gmail.com"
+                    "name": "Nicolas Grekas",
+                    "email": "p@tchwork.com"
                 },
                 {
                     "name": "Symfony Community",
                     "homepage": "https://symfony.com/contributors"
                 }
             ],
-            "description": "Symfony polyfill for ctype functions",
+            "description": "A generic function and convention to trigger deprecation notices",
             "homepage": "https://symfony.com",
-            "keywords": [
-                "compatibility",
-                "ctype",
-                "polyfill",
-                "portable"
-            ],
             "support": {
-                "source": "https://github.com/symfony/polyfill-ctype/tree/v1.24.0"
+                "source": "https://github.com/symfony/deprecation-contracts/tree/v3.4.0"
             },
             "funding": [
                 {
@@ -2666,20 +2237,20 @@
                     "type": "tidelift"
                 }
             ],
-            "time": "2021-10-20T20:35:02+00:00"
+            "time": "2023-05-23T14:45:45+00:00"
         },
         {
             "name": "theseer/tokenizer",
-            "version": "1.2.1",
+            "version": "1.2.3",
             "source": {
                 "type": "git",
                 "url": "https://github.com/theseer/tokenizer.git",
-                "reference": "34a41e998c2183e22995f158c581e7b5e755ab9e"
+                "reference": "737eda637ed5e28c3413cb1ebe8bb52cbf1ca7a2"
             },
             "dist": {
                 "type": "zip",
-                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/theseer/tokenizer/zipball/34a41e998c2183e22995f158c581e7b5e755ab9e",
-                "reference": "34a41e998c2183e22995f158c581e7b5e755ab9e",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/theseer/tokenizer/zipball/737eda637ed5e28c3413cb1ebe8bb52cbf1ca7a2",
+                "reference": "737eda637ed5e28c3413cb1ebe8bb52cbf1ca7a2",
                 "shasum": ""
             },
             "require": {
@@ -2708,7 +2279,7 @@
             "description": "A small library for converting tokenized PHP source code into XML and potentially other formats",
             "support": {
                 "issues": "https://github.com/theseer/tokenizer/issues",
-                "source": "https://github.com/theseer/tokenizer/tree/1.2.1"
+                "source": "https://github.com/theseer/tokenizer/tree/1.2.3"
             },
             "funding": [
                 {
@@ -2716,65 +2287,7 @@
                     "type": "github"
                 }
             ],
-            "time": "2021-07-28T10:34:58+00:00"
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "webmozart/assert",
-            "version": "1.10.0",
-            "source": {
-                "type": "git",
-                "url": "https://github.com/webmozarts/assert.git",
-                "reference": "6964c76c7804814a842473e0c8fd15bab0f18e25"
-            },
-            "dist": {
-                "type": "zip",
-                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/webmozarts/assert/zipball/6964c76c7804814a842473e0c8fd15bab0f18e25",
-                "reference": "6964c76c7804814a842473e0c8fd15bab0f18e25",
-                "shasum": ""
-            },
-            "require": {
-                "php": "^7.2 || ^8.0",
-                "symfony/polyfill-ctype": "^1.8"
-            },
-            "conflict": {
-                "phpstan/phpstan": "<0.12.20",
-                "vimeo/psalm": "<4.6.1 || 4.6.2"
-            },
-            "require-dev": {
-                "phpunit/phpunit": "^8.5.13"
-            },
-            "type": "library",
-            "extra": {
-                "branch-alias": {
-                    "dev-master": "1.10-dev"
-                }
-            },
-            "autoload": {
-                "psr-4": {
-                    "Webmozart\\Assert\\": "src/"
-                }
-            },
-            "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
-            "license": [
-                "MIT"
-            ],
-            "authors": [
-                {
-                    "name": "Bernhard Schussek",
-                    "email": "bschussek@gmail.com"
-                }
-            ],
-            "description": "Assertions to validate method input/output with nice error messages.",
-            "keywords": [
-                "assert",
-                "check",
-                "validate"
-            ],
-            "support": {
-                "issues": "https://github.com/webmozarts/assert/issues",
-                "source": "https://github.com/webmozarts/assert/tree/1.10.0"
-            },
-            "time": "2021-03-09T10:59:23+00:00"
+            "time": "2024-03-03T12:36:25+00:00"
         }
     ],
     "aliases": [],
@@ -2786,5 +2299,5 @@
         "php": "^7.3 || ^8.0"
     },
     "platform-dev": [],
-    "plugin-api-version": "2.2.0"
+    "plugin-api-version": "2.6.0"
 }
diff --git a/public/.htaccess b/public/.htaccess
index a5d6c2a..dbed322 100644
--- a/public/.htaccess
+++ b/public/.htaccess
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # Disable directory browsing
-Options All -Indexes
+Options -Indexes
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Rewrite engine
diff --git a/public/index.php b/public/index.php
index 7737302..5ec58a7 100644
--- a/public/index.php
+++ b/public/index.php
@@ -1,8 +1,39 @@
 <?php
 
+/*
+ *---------------------------------------------------------------
+ * CHECK PHP VERSION
+ *---------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+$minPhpVersion = '8.1'; // If you update this, don't forget to update `spark`.
+if (version_compare(PHP_VERSION, $minPhpVersion, '<')) {
+    $message = sprintf(
+        'Your PHP version must be %s or higher to run CodeIgniter. Current version: %s',
+        $minPhpVersion,
+        PHP_VERSION
+    );
+
+    header('HTTP/1.1 503 Service Unavailable.', true, 503);
+    echo $message;
+
+    exit(1);
+}
+
+/*
+ *---------------------------------------------------------------
+ * SET THE CURRENT DIRECTORY
+ *---------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
 // Path to the front controller (this file)
 define('FCPATH', __DIR__ . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);
 
+// Ensure the current directory is pointing to the front controller's directory
+if (getcwd() . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR !== FCPATH) {
+    chdir(FCPATH);
+}
+
 /*
  *---------------------------------------------------------------
  * BOOTSTRAP THE APPLICATION
@@ -12,26 +43,14 @@ define('FCPATH', __DIR__ . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);
  * and fires up an environment-specific bootstrapping.
  */
 
-// Ensure the current directory is pointing to the front controller's directory
-chdir(__DIR__);
-
-// Load our paths config file
+// LOAD OUR PATHS CONFIG FILE
 // This is the line that might need to be changed, depending on your folder structure.
-$pathsConfig = FCPATH . '../app/Config/Paths.php';
-// ^^^ Change this if you move your application folder
-require realpath($pathsConfig) ?: $pathsConfig;
+require FCPATH . '../app/Config/Paths.php';
+// ^^^ Change this line if you move your application folder
 
 $paths = new Config\Paths();
 
-// Location of the framework bootstrap file.
-$bootstrap = rtrim($paths->systemDirectory, '\\/ ') . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'bootstrap.php';
-$app       = require realpath($bootstrap) ?: $bootstrap;
+// LOAD THE FRAMEWORK BOOTSTRAP FILE
+require $paths->systemDirectory . '/Boot.php';
 
-/*
- *---------------------------------------------------------------
- * LAUNCH THE APPLICATION
- *---------------------------------------------------------------
- * Now that everything is setup, it's time to actually fire
- * up the engines and make this app do its thang.
- */
-$app->run();
+exit(CodeIgniter\Boot::bootWeb($paths));
diff --git a/spark b/spark
index 9a5a5db..a56fbc1 100644
--- a/spark
+++ b/spark
@@ -1,18 +1,66 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env php
 <?php
 
+/**
+ * This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
+ *
+ * (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view
+ * the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
 /*
  * --------------------------------------------------------------------
- * CodeIgniter command-line tools
+ * CODEIGNITER COMMAND-LINE TOOLS
  * --------------------------------------------------------------------
  * The main entry point into the CLI system and allows you to run
  * commands and perform maintenance on your application.
- *
- * Because CodeIgniter can handle CLI requests as just another web request
- * this class mainly acts as a passthru to the framework itself.
  */
 
-define('SPARKED', true);
+/*
+ *---------------------------------------------------------------
+ * CHECK SERVER API
+ *---------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+// Refuse to run when called from php-cgi
+if (strpos(PHP_SAPI, 'cgi') === 0) {
+    exit("The cli tool is not supported when running php-cgi. It needs php-cli to function!\n\n");
+}
+
+/*
+ *---------------------------------------------------------------
+ * CHECK PHP VERSION
+ *---------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+$minPhpVersion = '8.1'; // If you update this, don't forget to update `public/index.php`.
+if (version_compare(PHP_VERSION, $minPhpVersion, '<')) {
+    $message = sprintf(
+        'Your PHP version must be %s or higher to run CodeIgniter. Current version: %s',
+        $minPhpVersion,
+        PHP_VERSION
+    );
+
+    exit($message);
+}
+
+// We want errors to be shown when using it from the CLI.
+error_reporting(E_ALL);
+ini_set('display_errors', '1');
+
+/*
+ *---------------------------------------------------------------
+ * SET THE CURRENT DIRECTORY
+ *---------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+// Path to the front controller
+define('FCPATH', __DIR__ . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'public' . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);
+
+// Ensure the current directory is pointing to the front controller's directory
+chdir(FCPATH);
 
 /*
  *---------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -23,45 +71,14 @@ define('SPARKED', true);
  * and fires up an environment-specific bootstrapping.
  */
 
-// Refuse to run when called from php-cgi
-if (strpos(PHP_SAPI, 'cgi') === 0) {
-    exit("The cli tool is not supported when running php-cgi. It needs php-cli to function!\n\n");
-}
-
-// Path to the front controller
-define('FCPATH', __DIR__ . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'public' . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);
-
-// Load our paths config file
-$pathsConfig = 'app/Config/Paths.php';
+// LOAD OUR PATHS CONFIG FILE
+// This is the line that might need to be changed, depending on your folder structure.
+require FCPATH . '../app/Config/Paths.php';
 // ^^^ Change this line if you move your application folder
-require realpath($pathsConfig) ?: $pathsConfig;
 
 $paths = new Config\Paths();
 
-// Ensure the current directory is pointing to the front controller's directory
-chdir(FCPATH);
+// LOAD THE FRAMEWORK BOOTSTRAP FILE
+require $paths->systemDirectory . '/Boot.php';
 
-$bootstrap = rtrim($paths->systemDirectory, '\\/ ') . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'bootstrap.php';
-$app       = require realpath($bootstrap) ?: $bootstrap;
-
-// Grab our Console
-$console = new CodeIgniter\CLI\Console($app);
-
-// We want errors to be shown when using it from the CLI.
-error_reporting(-1);
-ini_set('display_errors', '1');
-
-// Show basic information before we do anything else.
-if (is_int($suppress = array_search('--no-header', $_SERVER['argv'], true))) {
-    unset($_SERVER['argv'][$suppress]); // @codeCoverageIgnore
-    $suppress = true;
-}
-
-$console->showHeader($suppress);
-
-// fire off the command in the main framework.
-$response = $console->run();
-
-if ($response->getStatusCode() >= 300) {
-    exit($response->getStatusCode());
-}
+exit(CodeIgniter\Boot::bootSpark($paths));