The cache functions for armv7 require 'march=armv7-a' to use
the 'isb' and 'dsb' instructions.
Change-Id: I3b7ad8fc7da8c3167b38fd1a325090fe49e4ca42
Signed-off-by: Isaac Christensen <isaac.christensen@se-eng.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/6668
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Paul Menzel <paulepanter@users.sourceforge.net>
Reviewed-by: Patrick Georgi <patrick@georgi-clan.de>
Patch 'coreboot_tables: reduce redundant data structures' (1f5487a)
added a new lb_range structure to coreboot and libpayload but the
original chromium patch added cb_range to libpayload instead. A followup
patch 'arm: libpayload: Add cache coherent DMA memory definition
and management' (b8fad3d) used the incorrect cb_range structure but
this wasn't caught since the current verification build doesn't
build libpayload for arm.
Change-Id: I7cedc66a4794bf4daa214f54be6e917f96418ff6
Signed-off-by: Isaac Christensen <isaac.christensen@se-eng.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/6665
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Patrick Georgi <patrick@georgi-clan.de>
Reviewed-by: Paul Menzel <paulepanter@users.sourceforge.net>
This patch adds a mechanism to set aside a region of cache-coherent
(i.e. usually uncached) virtual memory, which can be used to communicate
with DMA devices without automatic cache snooping (common on ARM)
without the need of explicit flush/invalidation instructions in the
driver code.
This works by setting aside said region in the (board-specific) page
table setup, as exemplary done in this patch for the Snow and Pit
boards. It uses a new mechanism for adding board-specific Coreboot table
entries to describe this region in an entry with the LB_DMA tag.
Libpayload's memory allocator is enhanced to be able to operate on
distinct types/regions of memory. It provides dma_malloc() and
dma_memalign() functions for use in drivers, which by default just
operate on the same heap as their traditional counterparts. However, if
the Coreboot table parsing code finds a CB_DMA section, further requests
through the dma_xxx() functions will return memory from the region
described therein instead.
Change-Id: Ia9c249249e936bbc3eb76e7b4822af2230ffb186
Signed-off-by: Julius Werner <jwerner@chromium.org>
Reviewed-on: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/167155
(cherry picked from commit d142ccdcd902a9d6ab4d495fbe6cbe85c61a5f01)
Signed-off-by: Isaac Christensen <isaac.christensen@se-eng.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/6622
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Stefan Reinauer <stefan.reinauer@coreboot.org>
There are three coreboot table tags that all define some kind of memory
region, and each has their own homologous struct. I'm about to add a
fourth so I'll just clean this up and turn it into a generic struct
lb_range instead.
Change-Id: Id148b2737d442e0636d2c05e74efa1fdf844a0d3
Signed-off-by: Julius Werner <jwerner@chromium.org>
Reviewed-on: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/167154
(cherry picked from commit 22d82ffa3f5500fbc1b785e343add25e61f4f194)
Signed-off-by: Isaac Christensen <isaac.christensen@se-eng.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/6456
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Edward O'Callaghan <eocallaghan@alterapraxis.com>
Reviewed-by: Paul Menzel <paulepanter@users.sourceforge.net>
Reviewed-by: Patrick Georgi <patrick@georgi-clan.de>
This patch enhances the armv7 exception handlers in Coreboot and
libpayload to show the correct SP and LR registers from the aborted
context, and also dump a part of the current stack. Since we cannot
access the banked registers of SVC mode from a different exception mode,
it changes Coreboot (and its payloads) to run in System mode instead. As
both modes can execute all privileged instructions, this should not have
any noticeable effect on firmware operation (please correct me if I'm
wrong!).
Change-Id: I0e04f47619e55308f7da4a3a99c9cae6ae35cc30
Signed-off-by: Julius Werner <jwerner@chromium.org>
Reviewed-on: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/170045
Reviewed-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Vincent Palatin <vpalatin@chromium.org>
(cherry picked from commit d0db2f5e938200e3f5899c5e1f1606ab2dd5b334)
Signed-off-by: Isaac Christensen <isaac.christensen@se-eng.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/6538
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
When libpayload header files are included in the payload itself, it's possible
that the payloads config settings will conflict with the ones in libpayload.
It's also possible for the libpayload config settings to conflict with the
payloads. To avoid that, the libpayload config settings have _LP_ (for
libpayload) added to them. The symbols themselves as defined in the Config.in files
are still the same, but the prefix added to them is now CONFIG_LP_ instead of just
CONFIG_.
Change-Id: Ib8a46d202e7880afdeac7924d69a949bfbcc5f97
Signed-off-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@google.com>
Reviewed-on: https://gerrit.chromium.org/gerrit/65303
Reviewed-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Tested-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@chromium.org>
Commit-Queue: Gabe Black <gabeblack@chromium.org>
(cherry picked from commit 23e866da20862cace0ed2a67d6fb74056bc9ea9a)
Signed-off-by: Isaac Christensen <isaac.christensen@se-eng.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/6427
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Paul Menzel <paulepanter@users.sourceforge.net>
Reviewed-by: Marc Jones <marc.jones@se-eng.com>
This adds a wrapper for data cache clean (without invalidate)
by set/way.
Signed-off-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Old-Change-Id: I09ee1563890350a6c1d04f1b96ac5d0c042e2af2
Reviewed-on: https://gerrit.chromium.org/gerrit/66118
Commit-Queue: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Tested-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@chromium.org>
(cherry picked from commit 05bc4f8564c547eacb9cc840a03b916b3c1c6001)
armv7: clean but do not invalidate caches between stages
This cleans the caches without invalidating them between stages. The
dcache content should still be valid when the next stage begins, so
we should see a small performance gain.
(thanks to gabeblack for pointing this out)
Signed-off-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Old-Change-Id: Ie18d163f3a78e2786e9fbc7479c8bd896b8ac3aa
Reviewed-on: https://gerrit.chromium.org/gerrit/66119
Commit-Queue: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Tested-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@chromium.org>
(cherry picked from commit 619bfe4cf9b93847e38d03d7076beb78fbfa1d1d)
armv7: Make coreboot and libpayload cache files the same
This merges the difference between the ARM version of cache.c and
cache.h for libpayload and coreboot.
Signed-off-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Old-Change-Id: I246d2ec98385100304266f4bb15337a8fcf8df93
Reviewed-on: https://gerrit.chromium.org/gerrit/66120
Commit-Queue: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Tested-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@chromium.org>
(cherry picked from commit 0c92f694034f1e94a8aa7811251738c9dc3db2c6)
ARM: Fix cache cleaning operation.
There was no behavior defined for OP_DCCSW in dcache_op_set_way, so it
silently did nothing. Since we started using that to clean the cache between
stages and I have a change that enables caches earlier on, this was preventing
booting on pit.
Old-Change-Id: I3615b6569bf8de195d19d26b62f02932322b7601
Signed-off-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@google.com>
Reviewed-on: https://gerrit.chromium.org/gerrit/66234
Reviewed-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Commit-Queue: Gabe Black <gabeblack@chromium.org>
Tested-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@chromium.org>
(cherry picked from commit 99241468cb9dcc86fcca9266ffe72baa88a1f79f)
libpayload: Fix data cache cleaning on ARM.
A similar fix was made to coreboot where OP_DCCSW was silently not doing
anything in dcache_op_set_way.
Old-Change-Id: Ia0798aef0cd02da7d1a14b7affa05038a002ab3b
Signed-off-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@google.com>
Reviewed-on: https://gerrit.chromium.org/gerrit/66236
Reviewed-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Commit-Queue: Gabe Black <gabeblack@chromium.org>
Tested-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@chromium.org>
(cherry picked from commit 6f6596a182a6780a2e997ac320733722697990c5)
Squashed five related commits.
Change-Id: I763d42bd5dd9f58734e1e21eb7c8ce3ce2ea56ee
Signed-off-by: Isaac Christensen <isaac.christensen@se-eng.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/6418
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Edward O'Callaghan <eocallaghan@alterapraxis.com>
The generic cbfs code relies on the libpayload_init_default_cbfs_media
symbol. However, none was provided for ARM. Provide an empty
implementation that returns an error as there is no generic way
to locate the default cbfs media.
Old-Change-Id: Ie0d06fbe6fc790c9d92434cd2d60922908acdc69
Signed-off-by: Aaron Durbin <adurbin@chromium.org>
Reviewed-on: https://gerrit.chromium.org/gerrit/56805
Reviewed-by: Duncan Laurie <dlaurie@chromium.org>
(cherry picked from commit d3410c28ef9f37b832e2fa2d18351dda332bc9f7)
libpayload: place dummy_media.c in correct object list
The commit introducing dummy_media.c was placed in the
libc object list. This wasn't correct. It should be in the
libcbfs object list as well as guarded by CONFIG_CBFS.
Old-Change-Id: Iace43fff8f85f60ecac5e6eb8350cd1f3ee9d35e
Signed-off-by: Aaron Durbin <adurbin@chromium.org>
Reviewed-on: https://gerrit.chromium.org/gerrit/56925
(cherry picked from commit 7937c7c5e95a934593bc0cedd5f4496b4770c303)
Squashed two related commits.
Change-Id: I84cd132b44cc2ea5b29acf109a3562baaeede9c6
Signed-off-by: Isaac Christensen <isaac.christensen@se-eng.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/6411
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Edward O'Callaghan <eocallaghan@alterapraxis.com>
When dealing with DMA, we need a function to invalidate cache without corrupting
contents on main memory (clean).
Change-Id: I28e632ae57a7b7ed1accee74e76045b92f92a699
Signed-off-by: Hung-Te Lin <hungte@chromium.org>
Reviewed-on: https://gerrit.chromium.org/gerrit/61078
Reviewed-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@chromium.org>
Commit-Queue: Gabe Black <gabeblack@chromium.org>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/4345
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
The OP assigned by dcache_clean_by_mva must be handled in
dcache_op_mva.
Change-Id: Ib32262f0419453b2690d7c1a1c6602380b46a37f
Signed-off-by: Hung-Te Lin <hungte@chromium.org>
Reviewed-on: https://gerrit.chromium.org/gerrit/61077
Reviewed-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@chromium.org>
Commit-Queue: Gabe Black <gabeblack@chromium.org>
Tested-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@chromium.org>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/4344
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
- Add -ffreestanding and -fomit-frame-pointer for all
platforms.
- Add ARMv7 specific flags to the armv7 Makefile
Change-Id: I71ab1b096e505940cc20c266bccd43917bcfad3a
Signed-off-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Reviewed-on: https://gerrit.chromium.org/gerrit/56104
Commit-Queue: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@chromium.org>
Tested-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@chromium.org>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/4317
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Alexandru Gagniuc <mr.nuke.me@gmail.com>
Currently, the exception handling code on ARM in libpayload turns on alignment
checks as an easy way to generate an exception for testing purposes. It was
leaving it on which disabled unaligned accesses for other, unlreated code
running later. This change adjusts the code so the original value of the
alignment bit is restored after the test exception.
Built and booted into depthcharge on pit with an unaligned accesses added
after the call to exception_init in the depthcharge's main. Before this
change, the access caused an exception. After this change, the access
completed successfully.
Change-Id: If92cab3cc8eabca7c5b0560ce88a8796a27fe3b2
Signed-off-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@google.com>
Reviewed-on: https://gerrit.chromium.org/gerrit/59372
Reviewed-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Commit-Queue: Gabe Black <gabeblack@chromium.org>
Tested-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@chromium.org>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/4255
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
The address range to scan for the coreboot tables varies from machine to
machine based on the range memory occupies on the SOC being booted and on the
amount of memory installed on the machine. To make libpayload work on
different ARM systems with different needs, this change makes the region to
scan configurable. In the future, we might want to come up with a more
automatic mechanism like on x86, although there's less consistency on ARM as
far as what ranges are even memory in the first place.
Change-Id: Ib50efe25a6152171b0fbd0e324dbc5e89c527d6e
Signed-off-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@google.com>
Reviewed-on: https://gerrit.chromium.org/gerrit/59242
Reviewed-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@chromium.org>
Tested-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@chromium.org>
Commit-Queue: Gabe Black <gabeblack@chromium.org>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/4254
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Otherwise the code would try to parse GPIOs when encountering
a mainboard entry in the coreboot table. This never caused any
problems because the mainboard entry is parsed before the GPIO
entry.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Change-Id: I1443bda8585a990a39115743d48304ec4b54bccb
Reviewed-on: https://gerrit.chromium.org/gerrit/59292
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@chromium.org>
Commit-Queue: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Tested-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/4252
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Change-Id: I3235f42c7faaf28a63455162ea55dc1a6bebd1f5
Signed-off-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Hung-Te Lin <hungte@google.com>
Reviewed-on: https://gerrit.chromium.org/gerrit/48290
Reviewed-by: Hung-Te Lin <hungte@chromium.org>
Tested-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@chromium.org>
Commit-Queue: Gabe Black <gabeblack@chromium.org>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/4128
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
This imports the cache/MMU code from coreboot as of 1877cee.
Change-Id: I97ec8b9640921a94a4b27d89e4ae6185e9f96f18
Signed-off-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@google.com>
Reviewed-on: https://gerrit.chromium.org/gerrit/48288
Commit-Queue: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Tested-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/4134
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
The memset and memcpy functions are assembled as ARM code, likely because
that's the default of the assembler. Without special annotation, the assembler
and linker don't know that those symbols are functions which need special
handling so that ARM/thumb issues are handled properly. This change adds that
annotation which gets those functions working in Coreboot which is compiled as
thumb. Libpayload and depthcharge are compiled as ARM so they don't *need* the
annotation since it just works out in ARM mode, but it's the safe thing to do
in case we change that in the future.
We should explicitly select ARM vs. thumb when assembling assembly files to be
consistent across builds and toolchains.
Change-Id: I814b137064cf46ae9e2744ff6c223b695dc1ef01
Signed-off-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@chromium.org>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/3672
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Stefan Reinauer <stefan.reinauer@coreboot.org>
This imports the newest cache and MMU code from coreboot. This
time it's so new that it hasn't even been checked in to coreboot.
However, this version at least allows DMA to work properly for the
MSHC driver. So even if we rebase a few more times, this version is
at least a step in the right direction.
Note: This omits the stuff that sets up dcache policy since
libpayload should not need to worry about that and it depends
on cbmem stuff.
Change-Id: Idd42b083e8019634aaaa44d5bf5b51db6c3912f5
Signed-off-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2975
Reviewed-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
This imports the new cache maintenance API from coreboot at
commit bba8090. This is a BSD-licensed implementation which
exposes cache maintenance opertaions necessary for payloads
for things such as DMA transfers.
Change-Id: I554676db89517bebc6edae4f7ab7e5882e6f986d
Signed-off-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2974
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
After another incident related to virtual pointers in lib_sysinfo (and
resulting confusion), I decided to put some comments on the matter into
the code.
Remember, we decided to always use virtual pointers in lib_sysinfo, but
it's not always obvious from the code, that they are.
See also:
425973c libpayload: Always use virtual pointers in struct sysinfo_t
593f577 libpayload: Fix use of virtual pointers in sysinfo
Change-Id: I886c3b1d182cba07f1aab1667e702e2868ad4b68
Signed-off-by: Nico Huber <nico.huber@secunet.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2878
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Stefan Reinauer <stefan.reinauer@coreboot.org>
The timekeeping code in libpayload was dependent on rdtsc, and when it was
split up by arch, that code was duplicated even though it was mostly the same.
This change factors out actually reading the count from the timer and the
speed of the timer and puts the definitions of ndelay, udelay, mdelay and
delay into generic code. Then, in x86, the timer_hz and timer_get_raw_value
functions which used to be in depthcharge were moved over to libpayload's
arch/x86/timer.c. In ARM where there isn't a single, canonical timer, those
functions are omitted with the intention that they'll be implemented by a
specific timer driver chosen elsewhere.
Change-Id: I9c919bed712ace941f417c1d58679d667b2d8269
Signed-off-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2717
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
'for' loop initial declarations are only allowed in C99 mode
I didn't realize we don't enable 14 year old features when building
libpayload, and I must have accidentally not rebuilt everything when making my
final tweaks to my earlier change.
Change-Id: I6caeeffad177b6d61fa30175f767e85084c061f4
Signed-off-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2718
Reviewed-by: Paul Menzel <paulepanter@users.sourceforge.net>
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Don't keep using the coreboot stack on ARMv7.
Change-Id: I734c5d77f8584e30ee0c720d41e21e3040f56db4
Signed-off-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2668
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Marc Jones <marc.jones@se-eng.com>
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
Give some indication what happened instead of just crashing.
As part of setup, cause an exception and make sure that we get
the right one, and that we recover correctly. Hence we have
some assurance that if they really happen we can handle them.
Built and booted into test payload on Snow. Saw the built in test function
worked correctly. Artificially added code which got an exception and saw that
the error information prints correctly.
Change-Id: I2e0d022f090ee422fb988074fbb197afa2485caa
Signed-off-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2569
Reviewed-by: Stefan Reinauer <stefan.reinauer@coreboot.org>
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
The linker uses that info so interworking can work correctly.
Built and booted into depthcharge on Snow and saw interworking start to
work correctly.
Change-Id: I0ac54f1c424ec70f8244edf6541a10b089ce47b4
Signed-off-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2568
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Not only were these files checked in with the Chromium OS Authors
copyright, but in addition they were wrongly licensed as GPL.
Switch to 3-clause BSD (and, since we're changing it, fix copyright,
too)
Change-Id: I3656c1f4304d53e343d89bb7c909fd4b929249f4
Signed-off-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2456
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
These live at the bottom of memory on x86, but that's IO mapped on the exynos.
The particular range used will likely need to be configurable, but this will
make it work in one more case than it used to.
Change-Id: I4d4963b9732cf538d00f8effb4398f30cbbde6aa
Signed-off-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2410
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Gabe Black <gabeblack@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
I think this needs to be its own ldscript. I'm pretty sure this one
is going to need some work however. Is libpayload PIC? That would be
best if so.
Change-Id: I44578d70dfa72de527af8901a86583c2a60130ec
Signed-off-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2398
Reviewed-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix@chromium.org>
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
This compiles, but it's not tested yet.
Change-Id: I2f73a814649aa36c39af3e77cefd8a968671f5c0
Signed-off-by: Stefan Reinauer <reinauer@google.com>
Reviewed-on: http://review.coreboot.org/2035
Tested-by: build bot (Jenkins)
Reviewed-by: Ronald G. Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
Isaac Christensen